mysql实现多实例

> mariadb安装
    yum install mariadb-server

> 创建相关目录,及设置权限
    mkdir /mysqldb; mkdir /mysqldb/{3306,3307,3308}/{etc,socket,pid,log,data} -pv
    chown -R mysql:mysql /mysqldb
    
    #目录结构如下
    /mysqldb
    ├── 3306
    │   ├── data
    │   ├── etc
    │   ├── log
    │   ├── pid
    │   └── socket
    ├── 3307
    │   ├── data
    │   ├── etc
    │   ├── log
    │   ├── pid
    │   └── socket
    └── 3308
        ├── data
        ├── etc
        ├── log
        ├── pid
        └── socket

> 初始化数据库
    systemctl start mariadb; show variables like 'basedir%'; #查看mariadb安装路径
    mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3306/data --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/
    mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3307/data --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/
    mysql_install_db --datadir=/mysqldb/3308/data --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/
    
    > 拷贝并修改配置文件
    cp /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3306/etc/
    cp /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3307/etc/
    cp /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3308/etc/
    
    vi /etc/my.cnf /mysqldb/3306/etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    port=3306
    datadir=/mysqldb/3306/data
    socket=/mysqldb/3306/socket/mysql.sock
    # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0
    # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
    # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
    # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
    # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
    log-error=/mysqldb/3306/log/mariadb.log
    pid-file=/mysqldb/3306/pid/mariadb.pid

#
    # include all files from the config directory
    #
    #!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
    
    #其它2个实例的配置文件参考第1个实例的配置文件
    cp -a ./3306/etc/my.cnf ./3307/etc/my.cnf; cp -a ./3306/etc/my.cnf ./3308/etc/my.cnf
    
    > 准备启动脚本,设置权限
    cp mysqld /mysqldb/3306/; cp mysqld /mysqldb/3307/; cp mysqld /mysqldb/3308/
    chmod 700 /mysqldb/3306/mysqld; chmod 700 /mysqldb/3307/mysqld; chmod 700 /mysqldb/3308/mysqld

    #!/bin/bash
    #
    port=3306 #注意端口
    mysql_user="root"
    mysql_pwd="centos" #口令
    cmd_path="/usr/bin"#2进制程序目录
    mysql_basedir="/mysqldb"
    mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"

    function_start_mysql()
    {
        if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
          printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
          ${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf  &> /dev/null  &
        else
          printf "MySQL is running...\n"
          exit
        fi
    }
    function_stop_mysql()
    {
        if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
           printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
           exit
        else
           printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
           ${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown
       fi
    }

    function_restart_mysql()
    {
        printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
        function_stop_mysql
        sleep
        function_start_mysql
    }

    case $ in
    start)
        function_start_mysql
    ;;
    stop)
        function_stop_mysql
    ;;
    restart)
        function_restart_mysql
    ;;
    *)
        printf "Usage: ${mysql_basedir}/${port}/bin/mysqld {start|stop|restart}\n"
    esac

> 启动单个实例,注意如mariadb服务已经启动,请先停止该服务
    systemctl stop mariadb
    /mysqldb/3306/mysqld start; /mysqldb/3307/mysqld start; /mysqldb/3308/mysqld start

> 查看端口信息
    ss -nutl
    
    > 连接测试,设置密码
    mysql -S /mysqldb/3308/socket/mysql.sock
    show variables like '%port%';

    MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%port%';
    +-------------------------------------+-------+
    | Variable_name                       | Value |
    +-------------------------------------+-------+
    | extra_port                          | 0     |
    | innodb_import_table_from_xtrabackup | 0     |
    | innodb_support_xa                   | ON    |
    | large_files_support                 | ON    |
    | port                                | 3306  |
    | progress_report_time                | 5     |
    | report_host                         |       |
    | report_password                     |       |
    | report_port                         | 3306  |
    | report_user                         |       |
    +-------------------------------------+-------+
    10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
    +------+------------+----------+
    | user | host       | password |
    +------+------------+----------+
    | root | localhost  |          |
    | root | snowyts-ts |          |
    | root | 127.0.0.1  |          |
    | root | ::1        |          |
    |      | localhost  |          |
    |      | snowyts-ts |          |
    +------+------------+----------+
    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [(none)]> update mysql.user set password=password('centos') where user='root';
    Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0

    MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
    +------+------------+-------------------------------------------+
    | user | host       | password                                  |
    +------+------------+-------------------------------------------+
    | root | localhost  | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED |
    | root | snowyts-ts | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED |
    | root | 127.0.0.1  | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED |
    | root | ::1        | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED |
    |      | localhost  |                                           |
    |      | snowyts-ts |                                           |
    +------+------------+-------------------------------------------+
    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

> 连接需要输入口令
/mysqldb/3306/mysqld start
mysql -S /mysqldb/3306/socket/mysql.sock -p