Python 函数名作为字典值

　　Python中是没有switch的, 所以有时我们需要用switch的用法, 就只能通过if else来实现了. 但if else写起来比较冗长,

这时就可以使用Python中的dict来实现, 比switch还要简洁. 用法如下:

　　如果是key1的情况就执行func1, 如果是key2的情况就执行func2...(func1, func2...所有的函数的参数形式需要相同),

假设各个函数参数均为(arg1, arg2):

dictName = {"key1":func1, "key2":func2, "key3":func3"...}　　#字典的值直接是函数的名字,不能加引号
dictName[key](arg1, arg2)

　　示例代码如下:

#!/usr/bin/python
#File: switchDict.py
#Author: lxw
#Time: 2014/10/05

import re

def add(x, y):
    return x + y

def sub(x, y):
    return x - y

def mul(x, y):
    return x * y

def div(x, y):
    return x / y

def main():
    inStr = raw_input("Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.\n")
    inList = re.split("(\W+)", inStr)
    inList[1] = inList[1].strip()
    print("-------------------------")
    print(inList)
    print("-------------------------")

    #Method 1:
    if inList[1] == "+":
        print(add(int(inList[0]), int(inList[2])))
    elif inList[1] == "-":
        print(sub(int(inList[0]), int(inList[2])))
    elif inList[1] == "*":
        print(mul(int(inList[0]), int(inList[2])))
    elif inList[1] == "/":
        print(div(int(inList[0]), int(inList[2])))
    else:
        pass

    #Method 2:
    try:
        operator = {"+":add, "-":sub, "*":mul, "/":div}
        print(operator[inList[1]](int(inList[0]), int(inList[2])))
    except KeyError:
        pass

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Output:

PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.
1 + 2
-------------------------
['', '+', '']
-------------------------
3
3
PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.
4 - 9
-------------------------
['', '-', '']
-------------------------
-5
-5
PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.
6 / 5
-------------------------
['', '/', '']
-------------------------
1
1
PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.
1 9 9
-------------------------
['', '', '', ' ', '']
-------------------------
PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.
1 ( 9
-------------------------
['', '(', '']
-------------------------
PS J:\>

　　个人感觉, 如果想用switch来解决某个问题, 并且每种情况下的操作在形式上是相同的(如都执行某个函数并且这些函数有

相同的参数), 就可以用这种方法来实现.