MySQL8.0.16 单机 Linux安装以及使用

安装

先去下载 https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

然后上传到Linux

进入存放目录，解压到指定目录【我这里是/soft/mysql8】

[root@localhost ~]# cd /soft/
[root@localhost soft]# mkdir mysql8
[root@localhost soft]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C mysql8/
mysql-community-libs-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm

进入解压后的目录，安装

[root@localhost soft]# cd mysql8/
[root@localhost mysql8]# yum install mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql-community-server-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-server-8.0.-.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-server-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Examining mysql-community-client-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-client-8.0.-.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-client-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Examining mysql-community-common-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-common-8.0.-.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-common-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Examining mysql-community-libs-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-libs-8.0.-.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-libs-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Examining mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.-.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 :5.5.-.el7_5 will be obsoleted
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
base//x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                             | 3.6 kB  ::
extras//x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                           | 3.4 kB  ::
updates//x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                          | 3.4 kB  ::     

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                       Arch                                     Version                                         Repository                                                                          Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-client                                        x86_64                                   8.0.-.el7                                    /mysql-community-client-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                         M
 mysql-community-common                                        x86_64                                   8.0.-.el7                                    /mysql-community-common-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                        8.0 M
 mysql-community-libs                                          x86_64                                   8.0.-.el7                                    /mysql-community-libs-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                            M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 :5.5.-.el7_5
 mysql-community-libs-compat                                   x86_64                                   8.0.-.el7                                    /mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                   9.5 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 :5.5.-.el7_5
 mysql-community-server                                        x86_64                                   8.0.-.el7                                    /mysql-community-server-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                        1.8 G

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install   Packages

Total size: 1.9 G
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                    /
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                      /
  Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                    /
  Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                    /
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                               /
  Erasing    : :mariadb-libs-5.5.-.el7_5.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                          /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                      /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                               /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                    /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-common-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                    /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-server-8.0.-.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                    /
  Verifying  : :mariadb-libs-5.5.-.el7_5.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                          / 

Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7   mysql-community-common.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7   mysql-community-libs.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7   mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7   mysql-community-server.x86_64 :8.0.-.el7  

Replaced:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 :5.5.-.el7_5                                                                                                                                                                                                           

Complete!

到此就安装结束，下面开启防火墙端口3306并启动。开启防火墙端口是希望外界可以访问。

[root@localhost mysql8]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost mysql8]# systemctl restart firewalld
[root@localhost mysql8]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost mysql8]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri -- :: CST; 5s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld()
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process:  ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=/SUCCESS)
 Main PID:  (mysqld)
   Status: "SERVER_OPERATING"
    Tasks:
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─ /usr/sbin/mysqld

May  :: localhost.localdomain systemd[]: Starting MySQL Server...
May  :: localhost.localdomain systemd[]: Started MySQL Server.

下面因为第一次启动，需要修改密码。

[root@localhost mysql8]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
--23T21::.393815Z  [Note] [MY-] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: U3ZlzC>KAAc<
[root@localhost mysql8]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 8.0.

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'Abc123-S';
Query OK,  rows affected (0.02 sec)

到此安装以及初始化完毕，你可以在此执行一些SQL语句。

用Navicat连接

你要创建一个新用户并授权。

mysql> CREATE USER 'tom'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Abc123-S';
Query OK,  rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'tom'@'%';
Query OK,  rows affected (0.02 sec)

连接的时候会出现

这是因为不支持当前的加密协议。MySQL8 创建用户默认使用caching_sha2_password，所以我们可以更改为MySQL5.7的mysql_native_password。

mysql> ALTER USER 'tom'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Abc123-S';
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

好了这次可以了