RESTful HTTP实践
摘要：
本文对RESTful HTTP的基础原理做了一个概览，探讨了开发者在设计RESTful HTTP应用时所面临的典型问题，展示了如何在实践中应用REST架构风格，描述了常用的URI命名方法，讨论了如何使用统一接口进行资源交互，何时使用PUT或POST以及如何支持非CURD操作等。
Java 调用
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); IHttpRequest request = new GetRequest(centralHotelURI);
IHttpResponse response = httpClient.call(request);
REQUEST:
GET /hotel/656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: xLightweb/2.6 RESPONSE:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 277
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded classification=Comfort&name=Central&RoomURI=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%2Fhotel%2F
656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b%2FRoom%2F2&RoomURI=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%2Fhotel%2F6
56bcee2-28d2-404b-891b%2FRoom%2F1
指定get部分属性
REQUEST:
GET /hotel/656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b/classification HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: xLightweb/2.6
Accept: application/x-www-form-urlencoded RESPONSE:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 26
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8 classification=Comfort
REQUEST:
GET /hotel/656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b/classification,name HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: xLightweb/2.6
Accept: application/x-www-form-urlencoded RESPONSE:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 43
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8 classification=Comfort&name=Central
REQUEST:
GET /hotel/656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b?reqAttr=classification&reqAttr=name HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: xLightweb/2.6
Accept: application/x-www-form-urlencoded RESPONSE:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 43
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8 classification=Comfort&name=Central
JSON格式：
REQUEST:
GET /hotel/656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: xLightweb/2.6
Accept: application/json RESPONSE:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 263
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 {"classification":"Comfort",
"name":"Central",
"RoomURI":["http://localhost/hotel/656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b/Room/1",
"http://localhost/hotel/656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b/Room/2"]}
XML格式：
REQUEST:
GET /hotel/656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: xLightweb/2.6
Accept: text/xml RESPONSE:
HTTP/1.1 406 No match for accept header
Server: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 1468
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 <html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"/>
<title>Error 406 No match for accept header</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>HTTP ERROR: 406</h2><pre>No match for accept header</pre> ...
</body>
</html>
PUT方法：
REQUEST:
PUT Hotel/guest/bc45-9aa3-3f22d HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 94
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded zip=30314&lastName=Gump&street=42+Plantation+Street&firstName=Forest&country=US&
city=Baytown&state=LA RESPONSE:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 36
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Location: http://localhost/guest/bc45-9aa3-3f22d The guest resource has been updated.
POST创建：
REQUEST:
POST /HotelHTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 35
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8
Accept: text/plain classification=Comfort&name=Central RESPONSE:
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Server: xLightweb/2.6
Content-Length: 40
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Location: http://localhost/hotel/656bcee2-28d2-404b-891b the Hotelresource has been created
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