Linux配置Oracle 11g自动启动

http://www.cnblogs.com/edwardcmh/archive/2012/05/11/2495671.html

安装完毕Oracle 11g每次都得手动启动 | 停止数据库（dbstart | dbshut）、监听器（lsnrctl）、控制台（emtcl）。

设置一下，若手动启动数据库的同时监听器没有启动（即启动数据库时自动启动监听器，停止数据库时停止监听器），则需要修改dbstart脚本文件：

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/bin/
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi dbstart

找到下面的代码段：

# First argument is used to bring up Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
### 需要将此处的 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1 修改为 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
  echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener"
  echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
  LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log

同样，修改dbshut：

[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi dbshut

# The  this to bring down Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
### 需要将此处的 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1 修改为 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
  echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-stop Oracle Net Listener"
  echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
  LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log

完成后配置Linux启动脚本oracle，内容如下：

[oracle@localhost bin]$ cd /etc/init.d/
[oracle@localhost init.d]$ vi oracle

#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 345 61 61
# description: Oracle 11g AutoRun Services
# /etc/init.d/oracle
#
# Run-level Startup script for the Oracle Instance, Listener, and
# Web Interface

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.1.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

ORA_OWNR="oracle"

# if the executables do not exist -- display error

if [ ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORACLE_HOME ]
then
     echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"
     exit 1
fi

# depending on parameter -- startup, shutdown, restart
# of the instance and listener or usage display

case "$1" in
 start)
     # Oracle listener and instance startup
     su $ORA_OWNR -lc $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart
     echo "Oracle Start Succesful!OK."
     ;;
 stop)
     # Oracle listener and instance shutdown
     su $ORA_OWNR -lc $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut
     echo "Oracle Stop Succesful!OK."
     ;;
 reload|restart)
     $0 stop
     $0 start
     ;;
 *)
     echo $"Usage: `basename $0` {start|stop|reload|reload}"
     exit 1
esac
exit 0

赋予脚本可执行权限：

[oracle@localhost init.d]$ chmod 750 /etc/init.d/oracle

建立链接：

[oracle@localhost init.d]$ ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc1.d/K61oracle
[oracle@localhost init.d]$ ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc3.d/S61oracle

启用脚本并添加到服务：

[oracle@localhost init.d]$ chkconfig --level 345 oracle on
[oracle@localhost init.d]$ chkconfig --add oracle

注意：

这样的脚本一般不会启动实例，如果想让实例也随脚本一起启动的话，就需要修改文件/etc/oratab 
如果这个文件不存在，就要运行脚本文件产生它。

[root@localhost init.d]# $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh

# This file is used by ORACLE utilities.  It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating
# a database.

# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator.  A new line terminates
# the entry.  Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively.  The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#

orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1:Y

可以看出，实例orcl是自动启动的（标识为Y），只要在这里配置好，再配合上面的脚本，即可实现自动启动。