linux应用之tomcat安装（centos）

安装方式：源码安装

软件：apache-tomcat-7.0.29.tar.gz
下载地址：http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi

安装前提

系统必须已经安装配置了JDK6+，如果不会安装请参考linux应用之jdk安装。

安装tomcat

将apache-tomcat-7.0.29.tar.gz文件上传到/usr/local中执行以下操作：

[root@admin local]# cd /usr/local
[root@admin local]# tar -zxv -f apache-tomcat-7.0.29.tar.gz         // 解压压缩包 
[root@admin local]# rm -rf apache-tomcat-7.0.29.tar.gz   // 删除压缩包 
[root@admin local]# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.29  tomcat

启动Tomcat

执行以下操作：

[root@admin ~]#  /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh   //启动tomcat
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk1.7.0/jre
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

出现以上的打印信息说明已经成功启动。

防火墙开放8080端口

增加8080端口到防火墙配置中，执行以下操作：

[root@admin ~]# vi + /etc/sysconfig/iptables
#增加以下代码 
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT

重启防火墙

[root@admin java]# service iptables restart

检验Tomcat安装运行

通过以下地址查看tomcat是否运行正常（根据自己的ip）：

http://202.116.147.88:8080/

看到tomcat系统界面，恭喜，安装成功！如果看不到，可以修改tomcat的端口号（conf目录中的server.xml中），然后重启再试试。

停止Tomcat

[root@admin ~]#  /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh   //停止tomcat

建立自己的启动脚本/etc/init.d/tomcat

#vi /etc/init.d/tomcat

#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/tomcat

#chmod root:root /etc/init.d/tomcat

#/etc/init.d/tomcat restart    (测试是否能正常工作)

测试过程中发现用

#service tomcat restart        启动时出现

Neither the JAVA_HOME nor the JRE_HOME environment variable is defined

问题。

解决办法：在脚本中找到以下行，将自己的JAVA_HOME补全即可（也可以找到tomcat的catalina.sh文件，将JAVA_HOME和JRE_HOME添加到脚本开始位置）

  #Location of JAVA_HOME (bin files)
    export JAVA_HOME= 

具体启动脚本内容如下：

#!/bin/bash
    #
    # chkconfig: - 95 15
    # description: Tomcat start/stop/status script  

    #Location of JAVA_HOME (bin files)
    export JAVA_HOME=  

    #Add Java binary files to PATH
    export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH  

    #CATALINA_HOME is the location of the configuration files of this instance of Tomcat
    CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat  

    #TOMCAT_USER is the default user of tomcat
    TOMCAT_USER=www  

    #TOMCAT_USAGE is the message if this script is called without any options
    TOMCAT_USAGE="Usage: $0 {\e[00;32mstart\e[00m|\e[00;31mstop\e[00m|\e[00;32mstatus\e[00m|\e[00;31mrestart\e[00m}"  

    #SHUTDOWN_WAIT is wait time in seconds for java proccess to stop
    SHUTDOWN_WAIT=20  

    tomcat_pid() {
            echo `ps -ef | grep $CATALINA_HOME | grep -v grep | tr -s " "|cut -d" " -f2`
    }  

    start() {
      pid=$(tomcat_pid)
      if [ -n "$pid" ];then
        echo -e "\e[00;31mTomcat is already running (pid: $pid)\e[00m"
      else
        echo -e "\e[00;32mStarting tomcat\e[00m"
        if [ `user_exists $TOMCAT_USER` = "1" ];then
          su $TOMCAT_USER -c $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
        else
          $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
        fi
        status
      fi
      return 0
    }  

    status(){
      pid=$(tomcat_pid)
      if [ -n "$pid" ];then
        echo -e "\e[00;32mTomcat is running with pid: $pid\e[00m"
      else
        echo -e "\e[00;31mTomcat is not running\e[00m"
      fi
    }  

    stop() {
      pid=$(tomcat_pid)
      if [ -n "$pid" ];then
        echo -e "\e[00;31mStoping Tomcat\e[00m"
            $CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh  

        let kwait=$SHUTDOWN_WAIT
        count=0;
        until [ `ps -p $pid | grep -c $pid` = '0' ] || [ $count -gt $kwait ]
        do
          echo -n -e "\e[00;31mwaiting for processes to exit\e[00m\n";
          sleep 1
          let count=$count+1;
        done  

        if [ $count -gt $kwait ];then
          echo -n -e "\n\e[00;31mkilling processes which didn't stop after $SHUTDOWN_WAIT seconds\e[00m"
          kill -9 $pid
        fi
      else
        echo -e "\e[00;31mTomcat is not running\e[00m"
      fi  

      return 0
    }  

    user_exists(){
      if id -u $1 >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        echo "1"
      else
        echo "0"
      fi
    }  

    case $1 in
            start)
              start
            ;;  

            stop)
              stop
            ;;  

            restart)
              stop
              start
            ;;  

            status)
          status
            ;;  

            *)
          echo -e $TOMCAT_USAGE
            ;;
    esac
    exit 0