Cobbler安装配置简单使用

安装Cobbler

 [root@linux-node3 ~]# yum -y install epel-release
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp httpd xinetd pykickstart fence-agents    # 如果你的报错请用163源
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig cobblerd on
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig httpd on
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig dhcpd on
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig xinetd on
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# chkconfig rsyncd on
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# sed -i -e 's/\=\ yes/\=\ no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# openssl passwd - -salt "cobbler" "centos"    # centos为你之后所装所有机器的root密码，cobbler是对centos进行加密时用到的加密文(可以去看下salt加密相关)，参数是数字1不是字母l
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cat/etc/cobbler/settings
 next_server: 192.168.145.11            # 提供pxe的主机，你的本机ip
 server: 192.168.145.11                 # 提供cobbler的主机，还是你的本机ip
 manage_dhcp：
 manage_rsync:
 default_password_crypted: "$1$cobbler$DWL2fHTHaRTa2hj5VEuZk."    # 刚才使用加密后得到的密文，注意最后有个.
 pxe_just_once:                        # 防止循环装系统，很重要！

 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cat /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template         # 更改第一段就好，其实就是dhcp的配置
 subnet 192.168.56.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
      option routers             192.168.56.2;
      option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
      option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
      range dynamic-bootp        192.168.56.100 192.168.56.254;
      default-lease-time         ;
      max-lease-time             ;
      next-server                $next_server;
      class "pxeclients" {
           match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, , ) = "PXEClient";
           if option pxe-system-type = : {
                   filename "ia64/elilo.efi";
           } else if option pxe-system-type = : {
                   filename "grub/grub-x86.efi";
           } else if option pxe-system-type = : {
                   filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";
           } else if option pxe-system-type = : {
                   filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";
           } else {
                   filename "pxelinux.0";
           }
      }

 } 

 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start xinetd
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start dhcpd
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start httpd
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start cobblerd
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler get-loaders                # 去git下载cobbler相关包，下载慢的话可以把dns换成114.114.114.
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler sync                       # 每次有修改过文件后都要执行哦
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler check                      # cobbler自带的检测命令，出了问题就可以使用下，可以快速帮助你检测出问题的所在点，centos7会出debmirror错误，这是安装debian系统相关的，不会影响到使用
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" cobbler     # 设置cobbler_web页面的访问密码
 访问https://192.168.145.11/cobbler_web                    # 用户名为cobbler，密码刚才设置的，注意是https

 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cat /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template
 DEFAULT menu
 PROMPT
 MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://www.cnblogs.com/bfmq/
 TIMEOUT                                 # 装系统时的等待时间，默认20秒
 TOTALTIMEOUT
 ONTIMEOUT centos7.-x86_64                # 这个需要改成你自己的cobbler profile list出现的，之后默认不选择系统引导后就会自动选择这个

 LABEL local
       MENU LABEL (local)
       MENU DEFAULT
       LOCALBOOT -
       $pxe_menu_items

 MENU end

使用Cobbler

 [root@linux-node3 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt                # /dev/sr0是centos7.2的iso源镜像
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=centos7.        # 需要一些时间，导入的镜像会放在/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror内，以name指定的为目录名
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts

 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cat centos7.-x86_64.cfg        # 里面不可以有中文，so，不注释含义了，都很好理解
 # kickstart template for Fedora  and later.
 # (includes %end blocks)
 # do not use with earlier distros

 #platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
 # System authorization information
 auth --useshadow --enablemd5
 # System bootloader configuration
 bootloader --location=mbr
 # Partition clearing information
 clearpart --all --initlabel
 # Use text mode install
 text
 # Firewall configuration
 firewall --disabled
 # Run the Setup Agent on first boot
 firstboot --disable
 # System keyboard
 keyboard us
 # System language
 lang en_US
 # Use network installation
 url --url=$tree
 # If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here.
 $yum_repo_stanza
 # Network information
 $SNIPPET('network_config')
 # Reboot after installation
 reboot

 #Root password
 rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted
 # SELinux configuration
 selinux --disabled
 # Do not configure the X Window System
 skipx
 # System timezone
 timezone Asia/Shanghai
 # Install OS instead of upgrade
 install
 # Clear the Master Boot Record
 zerombr
 # Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed
 autopart
 #clearpart --all --initlabel
 #part / --fstype xfs --size 1 --grow --asprimary --onbiosdisk=80 #part swap --maxsize= --asprimary --size= --onbiosdisk=80 #part /boot --fstype=xfs --grow --asprimary --size= --onbiosdisk=80

 %packages
 @^minimal
 @base
 @core
 @development lftp
 openssh-clients
 tree
 lrzsz
 telnet
 nc
 sysstat
 gcc
 gcc-c++
 %end

 %post
 sed -i "s/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
 echo 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S "' >> /etc/bashrc
 echo 'export HISTSIZE=9999' >> /etc/bashrc
 IP=`ifconfig eth0|grep netmask|awk '{print $2}'`
 HN=`echo $IP|awk -F. '{print $NF}'`
 sed -i 's/dhcp/none/g' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
 echo 'PREFIX=24' >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
 echo "IPADDR=$IP" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
 echo 'GATEWAY=192.168.145.2' >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
 sed -i 's/nameserver *.*.*.*/nameserver 8.8.8.8/g' /etc/resolv.conf
 systemctl restart network
 %end

 %pre
 $SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')
 $SNIPPET('kickstart_start')
 $SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')
 # Enable installation monitoring
 $SNIPPET('pre_anamon')
 %end

 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name=centos7.-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7.-x86_64.cfg
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name= centos7.-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'        # 装6的系统不需要，这是统一网卡名称用的

96  [root@linux-node3 ~]# cobbler sync

然后你就可以直接开机等待系统自动安装了