Centos MySQL 5.7安装、升级教程

MySQL 5.7安装、升级笔记分享：

卸载当前的 MySQL

查看当前 MySQL 版本：

1 2	`[root@coderknock ~]# mysql -V` `mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.73,` `for` `redhat-linux-gnu (i386) using readline 5.1`

停止 MySQL 服务

1 2	`[root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld stop` `Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]`

备份数据【数据不重要可以忽略】

备份数据库，升级MySQL通常不会丢失数据，但保险起见，我们需要做这一步。输入命令：

[root@coderknock ~]# mysqldump -u xxx -h xxx -P 3306 -p --all-databases > databases.sql

卸载旧版本 MySQL

[root@coderknock ~]# yum remove mysql mysql-*

Loaded plugins: security

Setting up Remove Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6 will be erased

---> Package mysql-libs.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6 will be erased

--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16 for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686

--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16 for package: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686

--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16) for package: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: mysql-libs for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686

---> Package mysql-server.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6 will be erased

--> Running transaction check

---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.i686 0:4.013-3.el6 will be erased

---> Package postfix.i686 2:2.6.6-6.el6_7.1 will be erased

--> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686

--> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.i686

--> Running transaction check

---> Package cronie.i686 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 will be erased

--> Processing Dependency: cronie = 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 for package: cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686

---> Package redhat-lsb-core.i686 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased

--> Running transaction check

---> Package cronie-anacron.i686 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 will be erased

--> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch

--> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: sysstat-9.0.4-31.el6.i686

--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.

--> Running transaction check

---> Package crontabs.noarch 0:1.10-33.el6 will be erased

---> Package sysstat.i686 0:9.0.4-31.el6 will be erased

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Removing:

mysql i686 5.1.73-7.el6 @base 2.3 M

mysql-libs i686 5.1.73-7.el6 @base 3.9 M

mysql-server i686 5.1.73-7.el6 @base 24 M

Removing for dependencies:

cronie i686 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 @updates 169 k

cronie-anacron i686 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 @updates 38 k

crontabs noarch 1.10-33.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311291201.i386/6.5 2.4 k

perl-DBD-MySQL i686 4.013-3.el6 @base 341 k

postfix i686 2:2.6.6-6.el6_7.1 @base 9.3 M

redhat-lsb-core i686 4.0-7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201311291201.i386/6.5 22 k

sysstat i686 9.0.4-31.el6 @base 804 k

Transaction Summary

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Remove 10 Package(s)

Installed size: 41 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Erasing : mysql-server-5.1.73-7.el6.i686 1/10

warning: /var/log/mysqld.log saved as /var/log/mysqld.log.rpmsave

Erasing : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.i686 2/10

/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.Y5QGjy: line 1: lsb_release: command not found

Erasing : mysql-5.1.73-7.el6.i686 3/10

Erasing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686 4/10

Erasing : sysstat-9.0.4-31.el6.i686 5/10

Erasing : crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch 6/10

Erasing : cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686 7/10

Erasing : cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686 8/10

Erasing : 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686 9/10

Erasing : mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.i686 10/10

Verifying : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.i686 1/10

Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686 2/10

Verifying : mysql-server-5.1.73-7.el6.i686 3/10

Verifying : crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch 4/10

Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-31.el6.i686 5/10

Verifying : cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686 6/10

Verifying : cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.i686 7/10

Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.i686 8/10

Verifying : mysql-5.1.73-7.el6.i686 9/10

Verifying : 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.i686 10/10

Removed:

mysql.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6 mysql-libs.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6 mysql-server.i686 0:5.1.73-7.el6

Dependency Removed:

cronie.i686 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2  cronie-anacron.i686 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 crontabs.noarch 0:1.10-33.el6 perl-DBD-MySQL.i686 0:4.013-3.el6 postfix.i686 2:2.6.6-6.el6_7.1

redhat-lsb-core.i686 0:4.0-7.el6.centos sysstat.i686 0:9.0.4-31.el6

Complete!

这样就卸载完成了，为了保险起见我们检查一下系统中是否还有 MySQL 相关内容没有删除干净

1 2	`[root@coderknock ~]# yum list installed \| grep mysql` `[root@coderknock ~]#`

上面的情况是没有未删除部分，如果有的话可通过下面的命令删除：

[root@coderknock ~]# yum remove mysql－libs

下载最新版本的 MySQL

查看系统配置信息选择对应 MySQL 包

1 2	`[root@coderknock ~]# uname -r` `3.10.104-1.el6.elrepo.i686`

在浏览器打开 sohu提供的MySQL 镜像（官网速度太慢）

然后根据自己系统配置选择对应的 rpm 包，右键复制文件链接，我的选择如下：

下载并解压

[root@coderknock ~]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar

--2017-01-06 22:46:15-- http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar

Resolving mirrors.sohu.com... 119.188.36.70

Connecting to mirrors.sohu.com|119.188.36.70|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 448163840 (427M) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: “mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar”

100%[=============================================================================================================================================================>] 448,163,840 9.98M/s

in 45s

2017-01-06 22:47:00 (9.54 MB/s) - “mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar” saved [448163840/448163840]

[root@coderknock ~]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar

mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

安装及配置

安装 rpm 【有依赖关系，请按下面的步骤安装，搜索 [root@coderknock ~]# 可跳过安装日志直接查看相关命令】

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[root@coderknock ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

Loaded plugins: security

Setting up Local Package Process

Examining mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm: mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686

Marking mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm to be installed

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-common.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql-community-common i686 5.7.17-1.el6 /mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 2.5 M

Transaction Summary

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package(s)

Total size: 2.5 M

Installed size: 2.5 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 1/1

Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 1/1

Installed:

mysql-community-common.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6

Complete!

[root@coderknock ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

Loaded plugins: security

Setting up Local Package Process

Examining mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm: mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686

Marking mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm to be installed

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-libs.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql-community-libs i686 5.7.17-1.el6 /mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 7.8 M

Transaction Summary

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package(s)

Total size: 7.8 M

Installed size: 7.8 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 1/1

Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 1/1

Installed:

mysql-community-libs.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6

Complete!

[root@coderknock ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

Loaded plugins: security

Setting up Local Package Process

Examining mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm: mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686

Marking mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm to be installed

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-client.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql-community-client i686 5.7.17-1.el6 /mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 87 M

Transaction Summary

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package(s)

Total size: 87 M

Installed size: 87 M

Is this ok [y/N]: ^[[A^Hy

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 1/1

Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 1/1

Installed:

mysql-community-client.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6

Complete!

[root@coderknock ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm

Loaded plugins: security

Setting up Local Package Process

Examining mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm: mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686

Marking mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686.rpm to be installed

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-server.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql-community-server i686 5.7.17-1.el6 /mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 695 M

Transaction Summary

=======================================================================================================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package(s)

Total size: 695 M

Installed size: 695 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 1/1

Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.i686 1/1

Installed:

mysql-community-server.i686 0:5.7.17-1.el6

Complete!

配置

查看版本

1 2	`[root@coderknock ~]# mysql -V` `mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.17,` `for` `Linux (i686) using EditLine wrapper`

启动 MySQL

[root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld start

MySQL Daemon failed to start.

Starting mysqld: [FAILED]

上面的情况说明启动失败，这是因为经过上面的步骤，MySQL 最新版已经安装到我们的系统了，但这是还没有初始化数据，所以导致无法启动。

初始化数据库

[root@coderknock ~]# mysqld --initialize

如果遇到错误如下：

2017-01-06T14:53:08.889803Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-01-06T14:53:08.892190Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2017-01-06T14:53:08.892475Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

可以运行以下命令【无需再执行 mysqld --initialize】：

[root@coderknock ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

[root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld start

Initializing MySQL database: [ OK ]

Installing validate password plugin: [ OK ]

Starting mysqld: [ OK ]

这样我们就启动了 MySQL 服务

MySQL 无法登陆的解决办法

登录时我遇到了一些问题：

[root@coderknock ~]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

这是因较新版本的 MySQL 因为安全的考虑，会设置默认密码

1 2	`[root@coderknock ~]# grep` `'temporary password'` `/var/log/mysqld.log` `2017-01-06T14:53:33.490540Z 1 [Note] A` `temporary` `password` `is` `generated` `for` `root@localhost: Ei(GLix_p6/1`

这样就找到了密码，如果上面方法不可行可以看看是否有 /root/.mysql_secret 文件

或者通过以下方法直接修改密码：

[root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld stop

Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]

[root@coderknock ~]# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &

[1] 14208

[root@coderknock ~]# 2017-01-06T15:02:18.663496Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.

2017-01-06T15:02:18.666764Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.

2017-01-06T15:02:18.693025Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

^C

[root@coderknock ~]# mysql -u root mysql

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('你的密码.') where User='root';

Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql> update mysql.user set Host='%' where User='root'

Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1

mysql> flush privileges;

注意SQL在Linux下要注意大小写，执行之后Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)，row 之前是1才代表执行成功了。update mysql.user set Host='%' where User='root' 这句是为了别的 IP 的机器也可以登录我们的MySQL，可以按需执行

重置密码

无论是获取到了默认密码还是强行修改了密码。新版 MySQL 在第一次通过密码登录后会无法执行SQL：

1 2	`mysql>` `select` `host` `from` `mysql.user` `where` `User='root';` `ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your` `password` `using` `ALTER` `USER` `statement before executing this statement.`

这是因为 MySQL 为了安全会要求修改初始密码。

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '你的密码';

如果遇到ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements说明你的密码太简单，需要设置复杂点的密码，有大小写字母、有数字、有标点基本上就可以通过。
注意，如果你没有修改过 root 用户的Host或者修改为非 % 的字符，需要对上面的语句进行对应的修改，例如： ALTER USER ‘root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY ‘你的密码'

如果遇到ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement 则需要退出安全模式，正常启动MySQL后登陆再进行以上操作：

mysql> quit

[root@coderknock ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql

root 14208 12686 0 23:02 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking

mysql 14381 14208 0 23:02 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld

--basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

root 15148 12686 0 23:23 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql

[root@coderknock ~]# kill -9 114208

-bash: kill: (114208) - No such process

[root@coderknock ~]# kill -9 14208

[1]+ Killed mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking

[root@coderknock ~]# kill -9 1438

[root@coderknock ~]# service mysqld start

[root@coderknock ~]# mysql -u root mysql

精彩专题分享：mysql不同版本安装教程 mysql5.7各版本安装教程

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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