[Leetcode][JAVA] Palindrome Partitioning II
Given a string s, partition s such that every substring of the partition is a palindrome.
Return the minimum cuts needed for a palindrome partitioning of s.
For example, given s = "aab",
Return 1 since the palindrome partitioning ["aa","b"] could be produced using 1 cut.
很有难度的一道题,不看讨论几乎没法accept。
解法看来看去基本就是dp,与一般dp不一样的是,需要对两个特征进行dp记录。
1.使用dp[i]记录s.substring(0,i)的分割数,初始值为dp[i]=i-1. 0<=i<=s.length().
对于每个i, 可以找到至少一个j, 0<=j<=i-1, 使得s.substring(j,i)是回文字符串。找到所有这样的j的集合J。转移函数即为: dp[i] = min(dp[j]+1) (j∈J)
仅仅这么做还是会超时,那么还得继续优化。当前算法的重复处在于,每次判断s.substring(j,i)是否为回文字符串时,都需要遍历这个字符串,所以还需要第二个dp记录s.substring(j,i)是否为回文字符串。
2. 使用isP[i][j]记录s.substring(i,j)是否为回文字符串。0<=i<=s.length(),0<=j<=s.length(). 初始状态isP[i][i]=true (0<=i<=s.length()), isP[i][i+1]=true (0<=i<s.length()).
(PS,后面代码中没有初始化isP[i][i+1],因为在遍历过程中作特殊判断了(i-j<2时必定为真))
这样的话要判断s.substring(i,j)是否为回文字符串,只需要isP[i+1][j-1]为真且s.charAt(i-1)==s.charAt(j).
同时我们也可以明白,遍历的顺序应该是逐渐将i,j距离拉长的。
所以应该有两层循环,第一层循环是用来记录dp[i], i从1到s.length().
第二层循环记录isP[j][i](i已固定), j从i-1到0,反向遍历。
最后dp[s.length()]即为结果
代码如下:
public int minCut(String s) {
int[] dp = new int[s.length()+1];
boolean[][] isP = new boolean[s.length()+1][s.length()+1];
for(int i=0;i<=s.length();i++)
{
isP[i][i]=true;
dp[i]=i-1;
}
for(int i=1;i<=s.length();i++)
for(int j=i-1;j>=0;j--)
if(i-j<2 || (isP[j+1][i-1] && s.charAt(i-1)==s.charAt(j))) {
isP[j][i]=true;
dp[i] = Math.min(dp[i], dp[j]+1);
}
return dp[s.length()];
}
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