MVC验证11-对复杂类型使用jQuery异步验证

原文:MVC验证11-对复杂类型使用jQuery异步验证

本篇体验使用"jQuery结合Html.BeginForm()"对复杂类型属性进行异步验证。与本篇相关的"兄弟篇"包括：

MVC验证08-jQuery异步验证   
MVC验证09-使用MVC的Ajax.BeginForm方法实现异步验证   
MVC验证10-到底用哪种方式实现客户端服务端双重异步验证

准备工作

□ js方面：
1、jquery的某个版本
2、jquery.validate.js
3、jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js

□ Web.config：
  <appSettings>
      ...
    <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
    <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
  </appSettings>

□ View Model

    public class User

    {

        [Required]

        [StringLength(8, MinimumLength = 3)]

        [ValidUserName(ErrorMessage = "用户名必须是darren")]

        [Display(Name = "用户名")]

        public string UserName { get; set; }

        [Required]

        [StringLength(8, MinimumLength = 3)]

        [Display(Name = "别名")]

        public string DisplayName { get; set; }

    }

    public class ValidationModel

    {

        public User User { get; set; }

        public List<User>  Users { get; set; }

    }

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

□ 自定义特性

    public class ValidUserNameAttribute : ValidationAttribute

    {

        public override bool IsValid(object value)

        {

            //同时满足2个条件返回true

            return (value != null && value.ToString() == "darren");

        }

    }      

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

HomeController无论是否验证成功都返回部分视图

using System.Web.Mvc;

using ValidComplex.Models;

namespace ValidComplex.Controllers

{

    public class HomeController : Controller

    {

        public ActionResult Index()

        {

            return View(new ValidationModel());

        }

        public ActionResult ValidUser(ValidationModel validationModel)

        {

            return PartialView(!ModelState.IsValid ? "_Form" : "_Success", validationModel);

        }

    }

}    

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

Index.cshtml视图

注意：
※ 从控制器返回的部分视图被加载到Index.cshtml视图中id为FormContainer的div中。$("#FormContainer").html(data);
※ 表单提交不应该这样写：$("form").on("submit", function (event)，因为对动态生成内容无效。

@model ValidComplex.Models.ValidationModel

@{

    ViewBag.Title = "Index";

    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";

}

@DateTime.Now: Index.cshtml视图被渲染

<div id="FormContainer">

    @Html.Partial("_Form")

</div>

@section scripts

{

    <script type="text/javascript">

        $(function() {

            $('#FormContainer').on("submit", "form",function(event){

            //$("form").on("submit", function (event) {

                event.preventDefault();

                var form = $(this);

                $.ajax({

                    url: form.attr('action'),

                    type: "POST",

                    data: form.serialize(),

                    success: function (data) {

                         $("#FormContainer").html(data);

                         $.validator.unobtrusive.parse("form");

                    },

                    error: function (jqXhr, textStatus, errorThrown) {

                        alert("Error '" + jqXhr.status + "' (textStatus: '" + textStatus + "', errorThrown: '" + errorThrown + "')");

                    },

                });

            });

        });

    </script>

}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

_Form.cshtml部分视图

展开@model ValidComplex.Models.ValidationModel

@DateTime.Now: Partial/_Form.cshtml视图被渲染
<hr/>
<style type="text/css">
    p {
        margin: 3px;
    }

    h6 {
        margin: 3px;
    }
</style>

@using (Html.BeginForm("ValidUser", "Home"))
{
    <h6>输入用户信息</h6>
    <p>
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.User.UserName):
        @Html.EditorFor(m => m.User.UserName)
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.User.UserName)
    </p>
    <p>
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.User.DisplayName):
        @Html.EditorFor(m => m.User.DisplayName)
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.User.DisplayName)
    </p>
    <h6>输入多个用户信息</h6>
    for (var i = 0; i <= 1; i++)
    {
        <h6>用户 @i</h6>
        <p>
            @Html.LabelFor(m => m.Users[i].UserName):
            @Html.EditorFor(m => m.Users[i].UserName)
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.Users[i].UserName)
        </p>
        <p>
            @Html.LabelFor(m => m.Users[i].DisplayName):
            @Html.EditorFor(m => m.Users[i].DisplayName)
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.Users[i].DisplayName)
        </p>
    }
    <input type="submit" value="提交" />
}

_Success.cshtml部分视图

@model ValidComplex.Models.ValidationModel

<p><strong>验证通过 :)</strong></p>

<p>

    用户名: '@Model.User.UserName'<br />

    别名: '@Model.User.DisplayName'<br />

    用户1的用户名: '@Model.Users[0].UserName'<br />

    用户1的别名: '@Model.Users[0].DisplayName'<br />

    用户2的用户名: '@Model.Users[1].UserName'<br />

    用户2的别名: '@Model.Users[1].DisplayName'

</p>

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

效果：

没有填写，提交，报错：

字数长度不符合，UserName不符合，提交，报错：

自定义特性，通过服务端验证后报错：

填写正确，提交，通过：

总结

可见，如果要对包含复杂类型属性(类属性、集合属性等)的View Model进行验证，只需要对简单类(比如这里的User)设置各种验证规则。