&与&& C语言
&是一个位运算符，就是将两个二进制的数逐位相与，就是都是1才是1，只要有一个为0则为0，结果是相与之后的结果。
&&是一个逻辑运算符，就是判断两个表达式的真假性，只有两个表达式同时为真才为真，有一个为假则为假，具有短路性质。
/*-------------------------------------------------
CHECKER4.C -- Mouse Hit-Test Demo Program No. 4
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
-------------------------------------------------*/ #include <windows.h> #define DIVISIONS 5 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ; int idFocus = ;
TCHAR szChildClass[] = TEXT ("Checker4_Child") ; int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("Checker4") ;
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ; if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("Program requires Windows NT!"),
szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
return ;
} wndclass.lpfnWndProc = ChildWndProc ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = sizeof (long) ;
wndclass.hIcon = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szChildClass ; RegisterClass (&wndclass) ; hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("Checker4 Mouse Hit-Test Demo"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ; ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ; while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, , ))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return msg.wParam ;
} LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
static HWND hwndChild[DIVISIONS][DIVISIONS] ;
int cxBlock, cyBlock, x, y ; switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE :
for (x = ; x < DIVISIONS ; x++)
for (y = ; y < DIVISIONS ; y++)
hwndChild[x][y] = CreateWindow (szChildClass, NULL,
WS_CHILDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,
, , , ,
hwnd, (HMENU) (y << | x),
(HINSTANCE) GetWindowLong (hwnd, GWL_HINSTANCE),
NULL) ;
return ; case WM_SIZE :
cxBlock = LOWORD (lParam) / DIVISIONS ;
cyBlock = HIWORD (lParam) / DIVISIONS ; for (x = ; x < DIVISIONS ; x++)
for (y = ; y < DIVISIONS ; y++)
MoveWindow (hwndChild[x][y],
x * cxBlock, y * cyBlock,
cxBlock, cyBlock, TRUE) ;
return ; case WM_LBUTTONDOWN :
MessageBeep () ;
return ; // On set-focus message, set focus to child window case WM_SETFOCUS:
SetFocus (GetDlgItem (hwnd, idFocus)) ;
return ; // On key-down message, possibly change the focus window case WM_KEYDOWN:
x = idFocus & 0xFF ;
y = idFocus >> ; switch (wParam)
{
case VK_UP: y-- ; break ;
case VK_DOWN: y++ ; break ;
case VK_LEFT: x-- ; break ;
case VK_RIGHT: x++ ; break ;
case VK_HOME: x = y = ; break ;
case VK_END: x = y = DIVISIONS - ; break ;
default: return ;
} x = (x + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS ;
y = (y + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS ; idFocus = y << | x ; SetFocus (GetDlgItem (hwnd, idFocus)) ;
return ; case WM_DESTROY :
PostQuitMessage () ;
return ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
} LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
HDC hdc ;
PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
RECT rect ; switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE :
SetWindowLong (hwnd, , ) ; // on/off flag
return ; case WM_KEYDOWN:
// Send most key presses to the parent window if (wParam != VK_RETURN && wParam != VK_SPACE)
{
SendMessage (GetParent (hwnd), message, wParam, lParam) ;
return ;
}
// For Return and Space, fall through to toggle the square case WM_LBUTTONDOWN :
SetWindowLong (hwnd, , ^ GetWindowLong (hwnd, )) ;
SetFocus (hwnd) ;
InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, FALSE) ;
return ; // For focus messages, invalidate the window for repaint case WM_SETFOCUS:
idFocus = GetWindowLong (hwnd, GWL_ID) ; // Fall through case WM_KILLFOCUS:
InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE) ;
return ; case WM_PAINT :
hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ; GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
Rectangle (hdc, , , rect.right, rect.bottom) ; // Draw the "x" mark if (GetWindowLong (hwnd, ))
{
MoveToEx (hdc, , , NULL) ;
LineTo (hdc, rect.right, rect.bottom) ;
MoveToEx (hdc, , rect.bottom, NULL) ;
LineTo (hdc, rect.right, ) ;
} // Draw the "focus" rectangle if (hwnd == GetFocus ())
{
rect.left += rect.right / ;
rect.right -= rect.left ;
rect.top += rect.bottom / ;
rect.bottom -= rect.top ; SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (NULL_BRUSH)) ;
SelectObject (hdc, CreatePen (PS_DASH, , )) ;
Rectangle (hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom) ;
DeleteObject (SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (BLACK_PEN))) ;
} EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------
CHECKER4.C -- Mouse Hit-Test Demo Program No. 4
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
-------------------------------------------------*/ #include <windows.h> #define DIVISIONS 5 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ; int idFocus = ;
TCHAR szChildClass[] = TEXT ("Checker4_Child") ; int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("Checker4") ;
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ; if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("Program requires Windows NT!"),
szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
return ;
} wndclass.lpfnWndProc = ChildWndProc ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = sizeof (long) ;
wndclass.hIcon = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szChildClass ; RegisterClass (&wndclass) ; hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("Checker4 Mouse Hit-Test Demo"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ; ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ; while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, , ))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return msg.wParam ;
} LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
static HWND hwndChild[DIVISIONS][DIVISIONS] ;
int cxBlock, cyBlock, x, y ; switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE :
for (x = ; x < DIVISIONS ; x++)
for (y = ; y < DIVISIONS ; y++)
hwndChild[x][y] = CreateWindow (szChildClass, NULL,
WS_CHILDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,
, , , ,
hwnd, (HMENU) (y << | x),
(HINSTANCE) GetWindowLong (hwnd, GWL_HINSTANCE),
NULL) ;
return ; case WM_SIZE :
cxBlock = LOWORD (lParam) / DIVISIONS ;
cyBlock = HIWORD (lParam) / DIVISIONS ; for (x = ; x < DIVISIONS ; x++)
for (y = ; y < DIVISIONS ; y++)
MoveWindow (hwndChild[x][y],
x * cxBlock, y * cyBlock,
cxBlock, cyBlock, TRUE) ;
return ; case WM_LBUTTONDOWN :
MessageBeep () ;
return ; // On set-focus message, set focus to child window case WM_SETFOCUS:
SetFocus (GetDlgItem (hwnd, idFocus)) ;
return ; // On key-down message, possibly change the focus window case WM_KEYDOWN:
x = idFocus & 0xFF ;
y = idFocus >> ; switch (wParam)
{
case VK_UP: y-- ; break ;
case VK_DOWN: y++ ; break ;
case VK_LEFT: x-- ; break ;
case VK_RIGHT: x++ ; break ;
case VK_HOME: x = y = ; break ;
case VK_END: x = y = DIVISIONS - ; break ;
default: return ;
} x = (x + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS ;
y = (y + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS ; idFocus = y << | x ; SetFocus (GetDlgItem (hwnd, idFocus)) ;
return ; case WM_DESTROY :
PostQuitMessage () ;
return ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
} LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
HDC hdc ;
PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
RECT rect ; switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE :
SetWindowLong (hwnd, , ) ; // on/off flag
return ; case WM_KEYDOWN:
// Send most key presses to the parent window if (wParam != VK_RETURN && wParam != VK_SPACE)
{
SendMessage (GetParent (hwnd), message, wParam, lParam) ;
return ;
}
// For Return and Space, fall through to toggle the square case WM_LBUTTONDOWN :
SetWindowLong (hwnd, , ^ GetWindowLong (hwnd, )) ;
SetFocus (hwnd) ;
InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, FALSE) ;
return ; // For focus messages, invalidate the window for repaint case WM_SETFOCUS:
idFocus = GetWindowLong (hwnd, GWL_ID) ; // Fall through case WM_KILLFOCUS:
InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE) ;
return ; case WM_PAINT :
hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ; GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
Rectangle (hdc, , , rect.right, rect.bottom) ; // Draw the "x" mark if (GetWindowLong (hwnd, ))
{
MoveToEx (hdc, , , NULL) ;
LineTo (hdc, rect.right, rect.bottom) ;
MoveToEx (hdc, , rect.bottom, NULL) ;
LineTo (hdc, rect.right, ) ;
} // Draw the "focus" rectangle if (hwnd == GetFocus ())
{
rect.left += rect.right / ;
rect.right -= rect.left ;
rect.top += rect.bottom / ;
rect.bottom -= rect.top ; SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (NULL_BRUSH)) ;
SelectObject (hdc, CreatePen (PS_DASH, , )) ;
Rectangle (hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom) ;
DeleteObject(SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (BLACK_PEN))) ;
} EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}
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