RMAN的实战篇--备份脚本

案列一、

目标：

1、每天夜间1 点执行；
2、数据库全备，同时备份控制文件及归档日志文件，备份文件保存至： /backup\目录下，并在完成归档日志文件备份后，自动删除已备份的归档日志；
3、备份保留7 天，过期则自动删除；
4、保留操作日志备查；

1. 编写RMAN脚本：

RUN{
        CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO  RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
        CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
        CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/backup/%F';
        ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/backup/%U';
        BACKUP DATABASE SKIP INACCESSIBLE FILESPERSET 10
                PLUS ARCHIVELOG FILESPERSET 20
                DELETE ALL INPUT;
                RELEASE CHANNEL CH1;
}
ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;
CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;

　　SKIP INACCESSIBLE：表示跳过不可读的文件。

　　SKIP OFFLINE：跳过offline 的数据文件；

　　SKIP READONLY：跳过那些所在表空间为read-only 的数据文件；

2. 执行，并将输出日志重定向到指定文件

rman target/ msglog /home/oracle/Script/logs/`date +%F`.log cmdfile=/home/oracle/Script/orclDB_backup.rman 

3.检测结果

[oracle@oracle Script]$ ls /backup/
0mro5acq_1_1              0oro5afm_1_1
0nro5ada_1_1              c-1458478724-20161223-00
[oracle@oracle Script]$ ls logs/
2016-12-23.log

案列二、增量备份

##===========================================================
##   db_bak_rman.sh
##   created by Robinson
##   //
##   usage: db_bak_rman.sh <$ORACLE_SID> <$BACKUP_LEVEL>
##          BACKUP_LEVEL:
##             F: full backup
##             : level
##             : level
##============================================================
#!/bin/bash
# User specific environment and startup programs  

if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ];
then
. ~/.bash_profile
fi  

ORACLE_SID=${};                                      export ORACLE_SID
RMAN_LEVEL=${};                                      export RMAN_LEVEL
TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`;                         export TIMESTAMP
DATE=`date +%Y%m%d`;                                  export DATE
RMAN_DIR=/u02/database/${ORACLE_SID}/backup/rman;       export RMAN_DIR
RMAN_DATA=${RMAN_DIR}/${DATE};                        export RMAN_DATA
RMAN_LOG=/u02/database/${ORACLE_SID}/backup/rman/log      export RMAN_LOG   

# Check rman level
#======================================================================
if [ "$RMAN_LEVEL" == "F" ];
then  unset INCR_LVL
      BACKUP_TYPE=full
else
      INCR_LVL="INCREMENTAL LEVEL ${RMAN_LEVEL}"
      BACKUP_TYPE=lev${RMAN_LEVEL}
fi  

RMAN_FILE=${RMAN_DATA}/${ORACLE_SID}_${BACKUP_TYPE}_${TIMESTAMP};       export RMAN_FILE
SSH_LOG=${RMAN_LOG}/${ORACLE_SID}_${BACKUP_TYPE}_${TIMESTAMP}.log;      export SSH_LOG
MAXPIECESIZE=4G;                                                    export MAXPIECESIZE  

#Check RMAN Backup Path
#=========================================================================  

if ! test -d ${RMAN_DATA}
then
mkdir -p ${RMAN_DATA}
fi  

if [ ! -d  ${RMAN_LOG} ];
then
mkdir -p ${RMAN_LOG}
fi

echo "---------------------------------" >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "   " >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "Rman Begin  to Working ........." >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "Begin time at:" `date` --`date +%Y%m%d%H%M` >>${SSH_LOG}  

#Startup rman to backup
#=============================================================================
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman log=${RMAN_FILE}.log <<EOF
connect target /
run {
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF  DAYS;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '${RMAN_FILE}_%F';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL 'ch1' TYPE DISK maxpiecesize=${MAXPIECESIZE};
ALLOCATE CHANNEL 'ch2' TYPE DISK maxpiecesize=${MAXPIECESIZE};
set limit channel ch1 readrate=;
set limit channel ch1 kbytes=;
set limit channel ch2 readrate=;
set limit channel ch2 kbytes=;
CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL;
DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED ARCHIVELOG ALL;
BACKUP
#AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET
${INCR_LVL}
DATABASE FORMAT '${RMAN_FILE}_%U' TAG '${ORACLE_SID}_${BACKUP_TYPE}_${TIMESTAMP}';
SQL 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';
BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '${RMAN_FILE}_arc_%U' TAG '${ORACLE_SID}_arc_${TIMESTAMP}'
DELETE  INPUT;
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch1;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch2;
}
sql "alter database backup controlfile to ''${RMAN_DATA}/cntl_${BACKUP_TYPE}.bak''";
exit;

EOF

RC=$?  

cat ${RMAN_FILE}.log >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "Rman Stop working @ time:"`date` `date +%Y%m%d%H%M` >>${SSH_LOG}  

echo >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "------------------------" >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "------ Disk Space ------" >>${SSH_LOG}
df -h >>${SSH_LOG}  

echo >>${SSH_LOG}  

if [ $RC -ne "" ]; then
    echo "------ error ------" >>${SSH_LOG}
else
    echo "------ no error found during RMAN backup peroid------" >>${SSH_LOG}
    rm -rf ${RMAN_FILE}.log
fi  

#Remove old backup than  days
#============================================================================
RMDIR=${RMAN_DIR}/`/bin/date +%Y%m%d -d "3 days ago"`;   export RMDIR
echo >>${SSH_LOG}
echo -e "------Remove old backup than 3 days ------\n" >>${SSH_LOG}  

if test -d ${RMDIR}
    then
    rm -rf ${RMDIR}
    RC=$?
fi  

echo >>${SSH_LOG}  

if [ $RC -ne "" ]; then
    echo -e "------ Remove old backup exception------ \n" >>${SSH_LOG}
else
    echo -e "------ no error found during remove old backup set peroid------ \n" >>${SSH_LOG}
fi  

exit 

运行：

[oracle@oracle Script]$ sh  db_rman.sh orcl
RMAN> RMAN> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > RMAN> RMAN> [oracle@oracle Script]$

结果：

[oracle@oracle rman]$ ls
  log
[oracle@oracle rman]$ ls /
cntl_lev0.bak                            orcl_lev0_201612280027_arc_2qroidlp_1_1
orcl_lev0_201612280027_2mroidj8_1_1      orcl_lev0_201612280027_c---
orcl_lev0_201612280027_2nroidj9_1_1      orcl_lev0_201612280027_c---
orcl_lev0_201612280027_arc_2proidlp_1_1