Oracle DataGuard搭建（二）

三、配置备库

　　创建catalog数据库

　　用dbca创建数据库,用oracle自带模板,不用em,启用归档,同一管理密码oracle,global name:dbcat1.node249.gewara,实例名:dbcat1

　　$export $ORACLE_SID=dbcat1

　　$sqlplus / as sysdba

　　SQL>create tablespace tbs_rman datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/tbs_rman01.dbf' size 500m autoextned on next 1m extent management local;

　　SQL>create user rman identified by rman default tablespace tbs_rman temporary tablespace temp;

　　SQL>grant connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

　　SQL>conn rman/rman

　　SQL>show user

　　创建catalog

　　$rman

　　RMAN>connect catalog rman/rman@dbcat1;

　　RMAN>create catalog;

　　创建密码文件,或者直接将主库的密码文件复制过来,放在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/下,更改文件属住为oracle:oinstall

　　orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdbtest password=oracle entries=10

　　配置TNS,修改$ORACLE_HOME/netword/admin/tnsnames.ora

　　DBCAT1 =

　　(DESCRIPTION =

　　(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.249)(PORT = 1521))

　　(CONNECT_DATA =

　　(SERVER = DEDICATED)

　　(SERVICE_NAME = dbcat1)

　　)

　　)

　　DBPRIMARY =

　　(DESCRIPTION =

　　(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.248)(PORT = 1521))

　　(CONNECT_DATA =

　　(SERVER = DEDICATED)

　　(SERVICE_NAME = dbtest.node248.gewara)

　　(SID=dbtest)

　　)

　　)

　　DBSTANDBY =

　　(DESCRIPTION =

　　(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.249)(PORT = 1521))

　　(CONNECT_DATA =

　　(SERVER = DEDICATED)

　　(SERVICE_NAME = dbtest.node249.gewara)

　　)

　　)

　　配置监听

　　修改$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora

　　SID_LIST_LISTENER =

　　(SID_LIST =

　　(SID_DESC =

　　(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

　　(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/products/11.2/db_1)

　　(PROGRAM = extproc)

　　)

　　(SID_DESC =

　　(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dbtest.node249.gewara)

　　(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/products/11.2/db_1)

　　(SID_NAME = dbtest)

　　)

　　(SID_DESC =

　　(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dbcat1)

　　(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/products/11.2/db_1)

　　(SID_NAME = dbcat1)

　　)

　　)

　　LISTENER =

　　(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

　　(DESCRIPTION =

　　(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.2.249)( PORT = 1521))

　　)

　　)

　　ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

　　启动监听

　　$lsnrctl start

　　?测试tns是否配置成功

　　$tnsping dbprimary

　　$tnsping dbstandby

　　$tnsping dbcat1

　　为备库准备pfile

　　可以把之前为主库准备的pfile拷贝到node249上,做相应修改

　　# /tmp/initdbtest.ora

　　dbtest.__db_cache_size=671088640

　　dbtest.__java_pool_size=16777216

　　dbtest.__large_pool_size=16777216

　　dbtest.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

　　dbtest.__pga_aggregate_target=671088640

　　dbtest.__sga_target=973078528

　　dbtest.__shared_io_pool_size=0

　　dbtest.__shared_pool_size=251658240

　　dbtest.__streams_pool_size=0

　　*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/dbtest/adump'

　　*.audit_trail='db'

　　*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

　　*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/dbtest/control02.ctl'

　　*.db_block_size=8192

　　*.db_domain='node249.gewara'

　　*.db_name='dbtest'

　　*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

　　*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032

　　*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

　　*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=dbtestXDB)'

　　*.memory_target=1639972864

　　*.open_cursors=300

　　*.processes=150

　　*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

　　*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='db249'

　　*.FAL_CLIENT='dbstandby'

　　*.FAL_SERVER='dbprimary'

　　*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(db248,db249)'

　　*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archive/

　　VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db249' #这里的DB_UNIQUE_NAME为备库的DB_UNIQUE_NAME

　　*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=dbprimary LGWR ASYNC

　　VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db248'

　　*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE'

　　*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE'

　　*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT='%t_%s_%r.arc'

　　*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

　　*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

　　按照pfile中指定的目录,在oracle用户下,用mkdir –p 命令,创建所有需要的文件夹,保证所有目录的属主为oracle:oinstall.

　　启动备库到nomount状态:

　　$export ORACLE_SID=dbtest

　　$echo $ORACLE_SID

　　$sqlplus / as sysdba

　　SQL>startup nomount pfile='/tmp/initdbtest.ora'

　　启动rman,用duplicate命令,建立备库

　　$rman

　　RMAN>connect catalog rman/rman@dbcat1

　　RMAN>connect target sys/oracle@dbprimary

　　RMAN>connect auxiliary sys/oracle@dbstandby

　　RMAN>register database;

　　RMAN>duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;

　　四、添加standby logfile

　　主库:

　　SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/stdy_redo04.log') size 10m;

　　SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/stdy_redo05.log') size 10m;

　　SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/stdy_redo06.log') size 10m;

　　SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/stdy_redo07.log') size 10m;

　　备库:

　　SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/stdy_redo04.log') size 10m;

　　SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/stdy_redo05.log') size 10m;

　　SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/stdy_redo06.log') size 10m;

　　SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/stdy_redo07.log') size 10m;

　　SQL>shutdown immediate

　　SQL>startup nomount;

　　SQL>alter database mount standby database;

　　五、datagurad管理

　　启用dataguard

　　SQL>startup nomount;

　　SQL>alter database mount standby database;

　　SQL>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

　　切换为readonly状态

　　SQL>alter database recover managed standby database concel;

　　SQL>alter database open read only;

　　SQL>select * from dual;

　　主备切换:

　　主库端:

　　SQL>alter database commit to switchover to physical standby database with session shutdown;

　　SQL>shutdown immediate;

　　SQL>startup nomount;

　　SQL>alter database mount standby database;

　　SQL>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

　　备库端:

　　SQL>alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;

　　SQL>shutdown immediate

　　SQL>startup

　　trouble shooting:

　　ora-00845:

　　$su – root

　　#mount –t tmpfs shmfs –o size=3g /dev/shm