celery 与 flask 实现异步任务调度

Flask 定了2中上下文，来实现机遇线程\协程的，wsgi服务的请求（request、session）和存储（g，current_app ）过程，通过栈来完成不同线程和协程的上下文切换，在与celery相结合处理异步任务时，需要保证异步任务在同一个上下文中执行，需要对celery进行重构, 避免出现：

ile "/opt/xAssets/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/celery/app/trace.py", line 412, in trace_task
    R = retval = fun(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/opt/xAssets/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/celery_context/model.py", line 42, in __call__
    with current_app.app_context():
  File "/opt/xAssets/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py", line 347, in __getattr__
    return getattr(self._get_current_object(), name)
  File "/opt/xAssets/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py", line 306, in _get_current_object
    return self.__local()
  File "/opt/xAssets/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/globals.py", line 51, in _find_app
    raise RuntimeError(_app_ctx_err_msg)
RuntimeError: Working outside of application context.

This typically means that you attempted to use functionality that needed
to interface with the current application object in some way. To solve
this, set up an application context with app.app_context().  See the
documentation for more information.

celery 的使用

• 应用：

from celery import Celery

celery = Celery('xassets',
                broker=settings.CELERY_BROKER_URL,
                include="xassets.tasks",
                backend=settings.CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND,
                )

• celery 以 默认方式（perfork）

# 紧接上文

from celery.signals import worker_process_init

TaskBase = celery.Task

class ContextTask(TaskBase):
    abstract = True

    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        with current_app.app_context():
            return TaskBase.__call__(self, *args, **kwargs)

celery.Task = ContextTask

@worker_process_init.connect
def init_celery_flask_app(**kwargs):
    """Create the Flask app after forking a new worker.

    This is to make sure no resources are shared between processes.
    """
    app = create_app()
    app.app_context().push()

# 注意： worker_process_init 信号，仅用于perfork方式启动，如果以gevent，greelet 或者thread方式启动，这此处不执行，也就是会缺少缺少app实例化

• 以gevent方式启动（大多数人的选择）

TaskBase = celery.Task

app = create_app()

class ContextTask(TaskBase):
    abstract = True

    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        with app.app_context():
            return TaskBase.__call__(self, *args, **kwargs)

celery.Task = ContextTask

# 注意：1. 需要提前创建 flask 上下文应用实例

2. 重定义task时，建议使用app.app_context

celery_context 封装一键化应用

from celery_context import Celery

celery = Celery('xassets',
                broker=settings.CELERY_BROKER_URL,
                include="xassets.tasks",
                backend=settings.CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND,
                )

app = create_app()
celery.reload_task(app)
# 或者
# celery.init_app(app)