ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket

在安装好了MySQL之后，使用了新的配置文件后。MySQL服务器能够成功启动，但在登陆的时候出现了ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket，即无法通过socket连接到mysql服务器，同一时候提供了socket文件的位置。以下是这个问题的描写叙述与解决的方法。

1、故障现象
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/data/mysqldata/mysql.sock' (111)

#故障环境
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# more /etc/issue
CentOS release 5.9 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

2、故障分析
#查看mysql实例的状态
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# netstat -ntlp  | grep 3306
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      13001/mysqld

#查看my.cnf关于socket的配置
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# more /etc/my.cnf |grep sock
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

#由上可知my.cnf中定义的为/tmp文件夹下，而错误提示为/data/mysqldata/文件夹下
#也就是说mysqld已经声称了正确的sock文件，但client连接还是从初始文件夹去找sock文件
#以下查看后台日志，有个ERROR。是关于满查询日志的。是因为文件夹不存在而产生的错误，与当前故障无关
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# more SZDB.err
             ............
2014-10-11 13:17:21 13001 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.12 started; log sequence number 1625997
/app/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: File '/log/mysql_logs/slowquery.log' not found (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
2014-10-11 13:17:21 13001 [ERROR] Could not use /log/mysql_logs/slowquery.log for logging (error 2). Turning logging off for the who
le duration of the MySQL server process. To turn it on again: fix the cause, shutdown the MySQL server and restart it.
2014-10-11 13:17:21 13001 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2014-10-11 13:17:21 13001 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2014-10-11 13:17:21 13001 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';
2014-10-11 13:17:21 13001 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2014-10-11 13:17:21 13001 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2014-10-11 13:17:21 13001 [Note] /app/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.6.12-log'  socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  Source distribution
#Author ：Leshami
#Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami

3、解决故障
a、通过配置my.cnf mysql选项socket文件位置解决
#先停止mysql服务器
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.[  OK  ]

#改动my.cnf，例如以下
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock  #加入该行

#重新启动mysql服务器
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL..[  OK  ]

#再次连接正常
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
mysql> show variables like 'version';
+---------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value      |
+---------------+------------+
| version       | 5.6.12-log |
+---------------+------------+

b、为socket文件建立链接方式
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /data/mysqldata/mysql.sock
ln: creating symbolic link `/data/mysqldata/mysql.sock' to `/tmp/mysql.sock': File exists
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# rm mysql.sock    #上面提示文件存在，所以删除之前的mysql.sock文件
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /data/mysqldata/mysql.sock
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# ls -hltr mysql.sock
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Oct 11 14:00 mysql.sock -> /tmp/mysql.sock
[root@SZDB mysqldata]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
mysql> show variables like 'socket';
+---------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value           |
+---------------+-----------------+
| socket        | /tmp/mysql.sock |
+---------------+-----------------+