Oracle 11g 新特性之Highly Available IP（HAIP）

Redundant Interconnect with Highly Available IP (HAIP) 简介

  从11.2.0.2开始，Oracle 的集群软件Grid Infrastructure(GI)中新增了Redundant Interconnect with Highly Available IP(HAIP)，以实现集群私网的高可用性和负载均衡。
  在11.2.0.2之前，私网的冗余一般是通过在OS上做网卡绑（如bonding, EtherChannel等）实现的，有了HAIP之后，无需使用网卡绑定就可以实现私网网卡的冗余。
  在安装GI的过程中，可以定义多个私网网卡来实现私网的冗余，如图：

安装后，HAIP地址自动设置为169.254.*.*,这个地址不可以手动设置。HAIP 最少为１个，最多为４个(1块网卡，1个HAIP;2块网卡，2个HAIP; 3块及以上，4个HAIP), 均匀的分布在私网的网卡上。

案例：

1. 查看HAIP资源状态

$ crsctl stat res -t -init
NAME
TARGET  STATE        SERVER   STATE_DETAILS  Cluster Resources
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cluster_interconnect.haip
ONLINE  ONLINE        node2                      

2.查看HAIP地址和分布情况。

#ifconfig -a
eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:192.168.254.32  Bcast:192.168.254.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe4b:b766/ Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
......
 eth1:    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:169.254.31.199  Bcast:169.254.127.255  Mask:255.255.128.0  <=====HAIP address one.
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
          Interrupt: Base address:0x1800
 eth2      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:192.168.254.33  Bcast:192.168.254.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe4b:b770/ Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
......
 eth2:    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:169.254.185.222  Bcast:169.254.255.255  Mask:255.255.128.0  <=====HAIP address two.
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
          Interrupt: Base address:0x1880

haip均匀的分布在两个私网网卡上。

3. 断掉网卡eth1之后

eth2      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:192.168.254.33  Bcast:192.168.254.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe4b:b770/ Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
          RX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: frame:
          TX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: carrier:
          collisions: txqueuelen:
          RX bytes: (1.4 MiB)  TX bytes: (2.7 MiB)
          Interrupt: Base address:0x1880
 eth2:    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:169.254.185.222  Bcast:169.254.255.255  Mask:255.255.128.0 <=====HAIP address two.
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
          Interrupt: Base address:0x1880
 eth2:    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:169.254.31.199  Bcast:169.254.127.255  Mask:255.255.128.0 <=====HAIP address one. 网卡一eth1的HAIP漂移到eth2上
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
          Interrupt: Base address:0x1880

 HAIP one 漂移到了网卡eth2上。
4. 网卡eth1恢复之后。

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:192.168.254.32  Bcast:192.168.254.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe4b:b766/ Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
......
 eth1:    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:169.254.31.199  Bcast:169.254.127.255  Mask:255.255.128.0 <=====HAIP address one.  HAIP又回来了
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
          Interrupt: Base address:0x1800
 eth2      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:192.168.254.33  Bcast:192.168.254.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe4b:b770/ Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
......
 eth2:    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :0C::4B:B7:
          inet addr:169.254.185.222  Bcast:169.254.255.255  Mask:255.255.128.0 <=====HAIP address two.
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:
          Interrupt: Base address:0x1880

HAIP one 回到了网卡eth1上。
注意：HAIP地址失败不会对ocssd产生影响，也就是说HAIP失败，不会导致节点重启。

HAIP 对数据库和ASM的影响

数据库和ASM实例使用这个HAIP作为cluster interconnect,以下是alert.log的片段。

Cluster communication is configured to use the following interface(s) for this instance
  169.254.31.199
  169.254.185.222
cluster interconnect IPC version:Oracle UDP/IP (generic)
IPC Vendor  proto 

Oracle数据库和ASM实例可以通过HAIP来实现私网通讯的高可用性和负载均衡。私网的流量会在这些私网网卡上实现负载均衡，
如果某个网卡出现了故障，它上面的HAIP会自动切换到别的可用的私网网卡上，从而不影响私网的通讯。
注意：HAIP 是不允许被手动停止或禁用的，除非是由于某些版本或者平台不支持。

关于HAIP的更多介绍，请参考My Oracle Support Note 文档1210883.1.

以上文章整理自：

https://blogs.oracle.com/Database4CN/entry/11gr2_rac_%E6%96%B0%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7%E4%B9%8Bhighly_available_ip