十一、GUI设计-记事本程序

"""记事本程序"""

from tkinter import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *
from tkinter.colorchooser import *
class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        super().__init__(master)        # super()代表的是父类的定义，而不是父类对象
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()
    def createWidget(self):
        #创建主菜单
        menuBar = Menu(root)
        #创建子菜单
        menuFile = Menu(menuBar)
        menuEdit = Menu(menuBar)
        menuHelp = Menu(menuBar)
        #将子菜单添加到主菜单上
        menuBar.add_cascade(label="文件(F)", menu=menuFile)
        menuBar.add_cascade(label="编辑(E)", menu=menuEdit)
        menuBar.add_cascade(label="帮助(H)", menu=menuHelp)

        #添加菜单选项
        menuFile.add_command(label="新建", accelerator="ctrl+n", command=self.newFile)
        menuFile.add_command(label="打开", accelerator="ctrl+o", command=self.openFile)
        menuFile.add_command(label="保存", accelerator="ctrl+s", command=self.saveFile)
        menuFile.add_separator()  # 添加分割线
        menuFile.add_command(label="退出", accelerator="ctrl+q", command=self.exit)

        #将主窗口添加到根窗口
        root["menu"] = menuBar

        #编辑文本区
        self.textpad = Text(root, width=600, height=30)
        self.textpad.pack()

        #编辑上下菜单
        self.rightMenu = Menu(root)
        self.rightMenu.add_command(label="背景颜色", command=self.openAskColor)

        #绑定事件
        root.bind("<Button-3>", self.createRightMenu)
        root.bind("<Control-n>", lambda event: self.newFile())
        root.bind("<Control-o>", lambda event: self.openFile())
        root.bind("<Control-s>", lambda event: self.saveFile())
        root.bind("<Control-q>", lambda event: self.exit())
    def openFile(self):
        self.textpad.delete(1.0, END)
        with askopenfile(title="打开文本文件") as f:  #返回打开的文件对象
            self.textpad.insert(INSERT, f.read())
            self.filename=f.name
    def newFile(self):
        self.textpad.delete(1.0, END)
        self.filename=asksaveasfilename(title="打开新建文件", initialfile="未命名.txt",
                                        filetype=[("文本文档", "*.txt")],
                                        defaultextension="*.txt") #返回的是保存的文件名
        self.saveFile()

    def exit(self):
        root.quit()

    def saveFile(self):
        with open(self.filename, "w") as f:
            f.write(self.textpad.get(1.0, END))

      #  with open(self.filename, "w") as f:
       #     f.write(self.textpad.get(1.0, END))

    def openAskColor(self):
        bgcolor = askcolor(color="red", title="背景颜色")
        self.textpad.config(bg=bgcolor[1])

    def  createRightMenu(self, event):
        self.rightMenu.post(event.x_root, event.y_root)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("600x250+200+300")
    root.title("新建文本文档")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

测试成功：