Oracle 数据库 命令行安装

Oracle 数据库 命令行安装

 1. 准备工作
关闭 防火墙,关闭 SElinux
 2. 安装相关依赖包
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1  compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.i686 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc*.i686 glibc glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libgcc*.i686 libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.i686 libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686 libXp
 3. 修改 /etc/security/limits.conf，添加如下参数
oracle             soft    nproc   2047
oracle             hard    nproc   16384
oracle             soft    nofile  1024
oracle             hard    nofile  65536
oracle             soft    stack   10240
4. 修改 /etc/sysctl.conf内核参数，添加如下内容：
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
vm.overcommit_memory = 1
5. 建立 oracle安装用户，组和目录
（1）创建用户和组
	groupadd oinstall
	groupadd dba
	useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
	echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle
（2）创建安装目录
	mkdir -p /DataBase/app/oracle
	chown -R oracle:oinstall /DataBase/app/oracle
（3）设置环境变量
	export ORACLE_BASE=/DataBase/app/oracle
	export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
	export ORACLE_SID=umpay
	export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:
	export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
	export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
6.安装oracle
	（1）切换到oracle 目录，解压安装包
	unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
	unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
解压后得到database目录，其中response目录里面有三个rsp文件，用来作为静默安装时应答文件的模板
[oracle@localhost response]$ ll /tmp/database/response
总用量 76
-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 44969 2月  14 2009 dbca.rsp ##安装应答
-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 22557 8月  15 2009 db_install.rsp ## 创建数据库应答
-rwxrwxr-x 1 oracle oinstall  5740 2月  26 2009 netca.rsp ## 建立监听，本地服务等网络设置
	（2）修改后的静默安装配置文件db_install.rsp
[oracle@localhost etc]$ cat db_install.rsp | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$'
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/DataBase/app/oracle/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW
ORACLE_HOME=/DataBase/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/DataBase/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=umpay
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=umpayoracle
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
7. 开始静默安装
./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp
（1）当出现以下信息时
var /DataBase/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
var /DataBase/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
	1. Open a terminal window
	2. Log in  as "root"
	3. Run the scripts
	4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
Successfully Setup Software.
（2）打开新的客户端使用root身份执行以下脚本
sh /DataBase/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
sh /DataBase/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

8. 配置监听
	（1）运行监听文件
netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
查看监听器是否已经在1521端口上开始工作了
[root@localhost etc]# netstat -tlnp | grep 1521
tcp        0      0 10.110.6.191:1521           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      13882/tnslsnr

9. 创建数据库
/DataBase/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname umpay -sid umpay -sysPassword orcle -systemPassword orcle -responseFile NO_VALUE -datafileDestination /DataBase/app/oracle/oradata/ -redoLogFileSize 50 -recoveryAreaDestination /DataBase/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area -storageType FS -characterSet ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 -sampleSchema true -memoryPercentage 30 -totalMemory 200 -databaseType OLTP -emConfiguration NONE
10. 启动数据库
进入到Oracle SQL命令行中，执行startup
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Feb 17 17:49:10 2022

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  409194496 bytes
Fixed Size		    2213856 bytes
Variable Size		  348129312 bytes
Database Buffers	   50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers		    8519680 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>