MySQL部署后配置

授权root用户登录

#仅本地登录，修改密码用
alter user root@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by'*******@666';

创建admin用户设置密码，并使得所有位置都可以访问数据库
create user 'admin'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'your_password';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'admin'@'%';
flush privileges;

#低版本可这样设置root在任意位置登录
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'your_password' with grant option;
#高版本的应该这样设置
sudo mysql_secure_installation

运行以下命令以创建一个名为newuser的新用户，并授予其只能从特定IP地址访问MySQL服务器的权限

CREATE USER 'newuser'@'IP_address' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'newuser'@'IP_address';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

默认情况下，mysql是运行在127.0.0.1上，此时是无法远程被访问的

root@JumpServer-DB-P01:/opt# netstat -tunlp|grep 3306
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:33060         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      59257/mysqld
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      59257/mysqld
root@JumpServer-DB-P01:/opt#

因此需要修改mysqld的配置文件，路径如下

vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

将127.0.0.1改成0.0.0.0 ，保存并重启mysql服务

修改后再次查看mysql是运行在127.0.0.1上

root@JumpServer-DB-P01:~# netstat -tunlp|grep 3306
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:33060           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      79797/mysqld
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      79797/mysqld
root@JumpServer-DB-P01:~#

指定服务器IP、端口登录数据库

mysql -h 10.0.0.1 -P 3306 -u root -p

找到mysql的默认密码在这里：

CentOS:
cat /var/log/mysqld.log
Ubuntu:
cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf

低版本的mysql默认安装后没有密码，可以如下方式设置密码

sudo mysql -u root
#将 "password" 替换为您要设置的密码。请注意，在新的 MySQL 8.0 版本中，密码策略要求密码长度至少为8个字符，并且必须包含数字、小写字母、大写字母和特殊字符。
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH caching_sha2_password BY 'password';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

#1、查看数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| jumpserver         |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#2、使用jumpserver这个数据库
mysql> use jumpserver
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
#3、查看所有的jumpserver库中的表
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------------------------+
| Tables_in_jumpserver                        |
+---------------------------------------------+
| accounts_account                            |
| users_user                                  |
| users_user_groups                           |
| users_user_user_permissions                 |
| users_usergroup                             |
| users_userpasswordhistory                   |
+---------------------------------------------+
137 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#4、从users_user这个表中计数，算出来22个
mysql> select count(*) from users_user;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|       22 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

查看mysql的进程

root@JumpServer-DB-P01:/opt# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql      59257       1  0 17:36 ?        00:00:01 /usr/sbin/mysqld
root       60629   53830  0 17:39 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
root@JumpServer-DB-P01:/opt#

查看mysql的端口3306和33060

root@JumpServer-DB-P01:/opt# netstat -tunlp
激活Internet连接 (仅服务器)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.53:53           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      971/systemd-resolve
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1176/sshd: /usr/sbi
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:33060         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      59257/mysqld
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      59257/mysqld
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      31673/redis-server
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1176/sshd: /usr/sbi
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6379                :::*                    LISTEN      31673/redis-server
udp        0      0 127.0.0.53:53           0.0.0.0:*                           971/systemd-resolve
root@JumpServer-DB-P01:/opt#

MySQL数据库基础常用命令8.0版本适用

#查询数据库账户
select user, host from mysql.user;
#删除账户 'zabbix'
drop user 'zabbix'@'%';
#查询数据库
show databases;
#删除数据库zabbix;
drop database zabbix;
#修改账户密码
alter user 'zabbix'@'%' identified  by 'Qqqq1234.com';

分割线

---

从docker环境中的mysql里备份数据库

用docker ps命令定位容器名称叫jms_mysql

history
606  docker exec -it jms_mysql bash
607  docker ps
608  docker cp jms_mysql:/all_db_with_data.sql /root/
root@jumpserver-app-p01:/root#docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                      COMMAND                  CREATED      STATUS                PORTS        NAMES
3081f875d979   jumpserver/core:v3.0.3     "./entrypoint.sh sta…"   9 days ago   Up 9 days (healthy)   8080/tcp    jms_core
c9f813565a08   jumpserver/mariadb:10.6    "docker-entrypoint.s…"   9 days ago   Up 9 days (healthy)   3306/tcp    jms_mysql
207f878b9a66   jumpserver/redis:6.2       "docker-entrypoint.s…"   9 days ago   Up 9 days (healthy)   6379/tcp    jms_redis
root@jumpserver-app-p01:/root#

进入到jms_mysql容器中

root@jumpserver-app-p01:/root#docker exec -it jms_mysql bash
root@c9f813565a08:/#

导出所有的数据库（此方法数据库版本必须一致）

root@c9f813565a08:/# mysqldump -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uroot -pNDIwNURCOTYtMDYzQS01Njg0LT --all-databases > all_db_with_data.sql
root@c9f813565a08:/# ls
all_db_with_data.sql  bin  boot  dev  docker-entrypoint-initdb.d  etc  home  lib  lib32  lib64  libx32  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@c9f813565a08:/# exit

#存到root目录下
root@jumpserver-app-p01:/opt/jumpserver/config#docker cp jms_mysql:/all_db_with_data.sql /root/
#进入root目录
root@jumpserver-app-p01:/opt/jumpserver/config#cd
#查看文件
root@jumpserver-app-p01:/root#ls
all_db_with_data.sql  anaconda-ks.cfg  Desktop  Documents  Downloads  initial-setup-ks.cfg  jp.sql  Music  Pictures  Public  Templates  Videos
#传输文件到本地
root@jumpserver-app-p01:/root#sz all_db_with_data.sql

导出指定数据库（以jumpserver数据库为例）

登录数据库查看其中包括的jumpserver数据库名称后退出

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| jumpserver         |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit

用mysqldump导出jumpserver数据库为sql语句

root@c9f813565a08:/# mysqldump -B jumpserver -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -pNDIwNURCOTYtMDYzQS01Njg0LT > jumpserver.sql
root@c9f813565a08:/# ls
jumpserver.sql  boot  docker-entrypoint-initdb.d  home            lib    lib64   media  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
bin   dev   etc     lib32  libx32  mnt    proc  run   srv   tmp  var
root@c9f813565a08:/# exit
exit

退出容器，在容器内的jumpserver.sql语句cp到容器外的root目录下，最后sz传输到本地

root@jumpserver-app-p01:/root#docker cp jms_mysql:/jumpserver.sql /root/
root@jumpserver-app-p01:/root#ls
all_db_with_data.sql  anaconda-ks.cfg  Desktop  Documents  Downloads  initial-setup-ks.cfg  jp.sql  jumpserver.sql  Music  Pictures  Public  Templates  Videos
root@jumpserver-app-p01:/root#sz jumpserver.sql

进入到目标数据库中，把本地文件上传输到目标服务器的/opt路径下。通过拖拽或者sftp传输均可

root@JumpServer-DB-P01:~# cd /opt
root@JumpServer-DB-P01:/opt# ls
jumpserver.sql  redis  redis-6.2.10  redis-6.2.10.tar.gz
root@JumpServer-DB-P01:/opt#

在此目录下登录mysql，先创建jumpserver数据库，再执行source 导入表

root@jumpserver-app-t01:#mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:

mysql> create database jumpserver default charset 'utf8' collate 'utf8_bin';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> 

使用jumpserver数据库，然后执行source命令导入表

mysql> use jumpserver;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> source /opt/jumpserver.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.05 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 49 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 49  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> 

检查结果：导入137条完成。

mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------------------------+
| Tables_in_jumpserver                        |
+---------------------------------------------+
| accounts_account                            |
| accounts_accountbackupautomation            |
| users_user_groups                           |
| users_user_user_permissions                 |
| users_usergroup                             |
| users_userpasswordhistory                   |
+---------------------------------------------+
137 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>