CentOS 7.5 安装与配置 Percona Server 5.7

个人比较喜欢 MYSQL 的轻量，今天花了一点时间把阿里云上的 MYSQL5.7 换成了 Percona-Server 。Percona 是一个开源的 MySQL 衍生版，TokuDB 的数据库引擎使得 Percona 服务器非常有吸引力，如果你需要的高性能，高可靠性和高性价比的解决方案，它将是一个很好的选择。

Percona Server 5.7 comes with the TokuDB storage engine. You can find more information on how to install and enable the TokuDB storage in the TokuDB Installation guide.

Installing Percona Server

#测试环境关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
yum install http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/redhat/0.1-6/percona-release-0.1-6.noarch.rpm
yum list | grep percona
yum install Percona-Server-server-
#查看 mysql 服务
systemctl restart mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld.service
systemctl status mysqld.service
#默认目录
/etc/my.cnf
/var/lib/mysql
/var/log/mysqld.log
#查看mysql初始密码
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
mysql -uroot -p
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
#开启远程连接
use mysql;
mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql>select host, user from user;

安全配置（非必须 mysql 官方文档只在 mysql 6.x 版本）

[root@iZ11fek1j6cZ lib]# mysql_secure_installation 

Securing the MySQL server deployment. 

Enter password for user root:
The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the plugin.
Using existing password for root. 

Estimated strength of the password:
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n 

... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment. 

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success. 

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network. 

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n 

... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment. 

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
- Dropping test database...
Success. 

- Removing privileges on test database...
Success. 

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately. 

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success. 

All done!

修改编码（非必须，mysql 8.0 默认 utf8mb4 编码）

vi /etc/my.cnf 

[client]
default-character-set = utf8 

[mysqld]
default-storage-engine = INNODB
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci 

#检查编码
[root@iZ11fek1j6cZ etc]# service mysqld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart  mysqld.service
[root@iZ11fek1j6cZ etc]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7.- Percona Server (GPL), Release , Revision 9f0fd0a 

Copyright (c) - Percona LLC and/or its affiliates
Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners. 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. 

mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                        | Value                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
| character_set_client                 | utf8                                |
| character_set_connection             | utf8                                |
| character_set_database               | utf8                                |
| character_set_filesystem             | binary                              |
| character_set_results                | utf8                                |
| character_set_server                 | utf8                                |
| character_set_system                 | utf8                                |
| character_sets_dir                   | /usr/share/percona-server/charsets/ |
| validate_password_special_char_count |                                    |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[mysqld]
   ...
   character_set_server=utf8mb4
   collation_server=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
   skip-character-set-client-handshake
   sort_buffer_size=512K

docker 容器运行
https://hub.docker.com/u/percona/
https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-server/LATEST/installation/docker.html

# docker
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun
sudo yum remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest docker-common docker-latest docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-selinux docker-engine-selinux docker-engine
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
#yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sudo yum install docker-ce
sudo systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
sudo docker run hello-world
sudo systemctl status docker

# portainer
docker pull portainer/portainer
docker images
docker run -d -p : -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock portainer/portainer

docker run -d \
 --name percona-Server-server- \
 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=JUST_PWD \
 percona/percona-server:5.7 \
 --character-set-server=utf8 \
 --collation-server=utf8_general_ci

其他问题

如果下载慢，更换国内源

#国内源
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/percona/release/7/RPMS/x86_64/repodata/
http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/percona/release/7/RPMS/x86_64/repodata/

########################################
# Percona releases and sources, stable #
########################################
[percona-release-$basearch]
name = Percona-Release YUM repository - $basearch
#baseurl = http://repo.percona.com/release/$releasever/RPMS/$basearch
baseurl = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/percona/release/$releasever/RPMS/$basearch
enabled =
gpgcheck =
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-Percona

apt

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

update
update 是同步 /etc/apt/sources.list 和 /etc/apt/sources.list.d 中列出的源的索引，这样才能获取到最新的软件包。
upgrade
upgrade 是升级已安装的所有软件包，升级之后的版本就是本地索引里的，因此，在执行 upgrade 之前一定要执行 update, 这样才能是最新的。
An update should always be performed before an upgrade or dist-upgrade.
upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in /etc/apt/sources.list. Packages currently installed with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded.

REFER:
https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-server/LATEST/installation.html
https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-server/LATEST/performance/threadpool.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-buffer-pool-resize.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-yum-repo-quick-guide/en/
https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-server/5.7/installation/yum_repo.html
https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-server/5.7/installation/apt_repo.html
为什么我不再看好MariaDB
http://www.innomysql.com/article/25821.html
MySQL、Postgres 开启远程访问权限（ubuntu）

http://wenzhixin.net.cn/2012/05/15/mysql_open_the_remote_access_ubuntu