rest framework-视图和路由-长期维护

###############   三种视图    ###############

# 第一种方法：使用mixins
# class AuthorView(mixins.ListModelMixin,mixins.CreateModelMixin,generics.GenericAPIView):
#     # GenericAPIView这个继承了APIview，
#     # 必须要继承这三个类，
#     queryset=Author.objects.all()
#     serializer_class = AuthorModelSerializers
#
#     def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
#         return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
#
#     def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
#         return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)
#
#
# class AuthorDetailView(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,mixins.UpdateModelMixin,mixins.DestroyModelMixin,generics.GenericAPIView):
#     # RetrieveModelMixin，这是查看单条数据
#     queryset=Author.objects.all()
#     serializer_class = AuthorModelSerializers
#
#     def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
#         return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)
#
#     def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
#         return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)
#
#     def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
#         return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)

# 第二种方法
# 经过这么封装之后，下面你只需要改表名就可以了，就更加的方便了，
# class AuthorView(generics.ListCreateAPIView,generics.GenericAPIView):
#     # ListCreateAPIView，一个顶两个，又封装了一层，
#     queryset=Author.objects.all()
#     serializer_class = AuthorModelSerializers
#
#
# class AuthorDetailView(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView,generics.GenericAPIView):
#     # RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView,一个顶三个，
#     queryset=Author.objects.all()
#     serializer_class = AuthorModelSerializers

# 第三种方法
# 这种方法就要动到URL了，
# 这种方式不够灵活，如果你想要丰富一个方法，可以重写某一个方法，比如def list()
class AuthorModelView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    # permission_classes = [SVIPPermission]
    # throttle_classes = [VisitRateThrottle]
    queryset = Author.objects.all()
    serializer_class = AuthorModelSerializers
    pagination_class = MyPageNumberPagination

###############   对应的路由配置    ###############

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin

from rest_framework import routers

from app01.views import views

# 但是现在有一个问题，以后是不是只要多一个表，就需要两个url了？
# 这样有十张表就要写十次了，所以你封装了视图类了，你也需要封装一下路由，
# 怎么封装？
from rest_framework import routers
routers=routers.DefaultRouter()
routers.register("authors",views.AuthorModelView)
# 再有一张表，就只需要注册就可以了，
routers.register("books",views.BookModelView)

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^publishes/$', views.PublishView.as_view(),name="publish"), #  View:view(request)=====APIView:dispatch()
    url(r'^publishes/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.PublishDetailView.as_view(),name="detailpublish"), #  View:view(request)=====APIView:dispatch()
    # url(r'^books/$', views.BookView.as_view(),name="books"),
    # url(r'^books/(\d+)/$', views.BookDetailView.as_view(),name="detailbook"),
    # 下面两行，自己写视图，第一种视图，第二种视图都是可以适用的，
    # url(r'^authors/$', views.AuthorView.as_view(), name="author"),
    # url(r'^authors/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.AuthorDetailView.as_view(), name="detailauthor"),
    # 下面两行url的配置用来配合第三种视图模式：传递字典参数的写法内部使用到了反射，
    # url(r'^authors/$', views.AuthorModelView.as_view({"get":"list","post":"create"}), name="author"),
    # url(r'^authors/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.AuthorModelView.as_view({"get":"retrieve","put":"update","delete":"destroy"}), name="detailauthor"),
    # 下面一行路由配置，配合第三种视图，更加的简洁
    url(r'',include(routers.urls)),
    url(r'^login/$', views.LoginModelView.as_view(), name="login"),
    url(r'^app01/(?P<version>\w+)/', include('app01.urls')),
]

###############   对应的序列化类    ###############

from rest_framework import serializers
from app01.models import *
# 为queryset,model对象做序列化

class PublishSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
    name = serializers.CharField()
    email = serializers.CharField()

class PublishModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model=Publish
        fields="__all__"

class BookSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
    title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
    price = serializers.IntegerField()
    pub_date = serializers.DateField()
    publish=serializers.CharField(source="publish.name")  # 这是一对多的字段，需要特殊处理，就使用source就可以了
    #authors=serializers.CharField(source="authors.all")  # 这是多对多的字段，需要特殊处理，但是展示的样式不好，
    authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()  # 这是多对多字段更好的实现方法，一定要实现一个对应的方法，格式就是get_字段的名字，
    def get_authors(self,obj):
        temp=[]
        for obj in obj.authors.all():
            temp.append(obj.name)
        return temp

'''
序列化BookSerializers(book_list,many=True)过程：
     temp=[]
     for obj in book_list:
         temp.append({
            "title":obj.title,
            "price":obj.price,
            "pub_date":obj.pub_date,
            "publish":str(obj.publish), # obj.publish.name
            #"authors":obj.authors.all,
            "authors": get_authors(obj)
         })

'''

class BookModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):  # 这个Serializer就类似form，这个ModelSerializer就类似于modelform，
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = "__all__"  # 这里面实现了一对多和多对多，一对多是展示的id，多对多是展示的一个id列表，

    #publish=serializers.CharField(source="publish.pk")  # 如果你不写单个的字段就是用ModelSerializer的，如果你自己写了就用你自己的，
    # publish=serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(  # 超链接
    #         view_name="detailpublish",  #detailpublish 这是publisher的链接，detailpublish这是路由的地方写的别名，链接地址，
    #         lookup_field="publish_id",
    #         lookup_url_kwarg="pk"
    # )

    # authors=serializers.CharField(source="authors.all")
    # authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    # def get_authors(self,obj):
    #     temp=[]
    #     for obj in obj.authors.all():
    #         temp.append(obj.name)
    #     return temp

    # def create(self, validated_data):  # 如果你自定义了一对多的字段，是不支持source写法的，你需要重写create方法，
    #     print("validated_data",validated_data)
    #     book=Book.objects.create(title=validated_data["title"],price=validated_data["price"],pub_date=validated_data["pub_date"],publish_id=validated_data["publish"]["pk"])
    #     book.authors.add(*validated_data["authors"])  # 这种写法你要记住，
    #
    #     return book

class AuthorModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model=Author
        fields="__all__"

###############   总结   ###############

总结一下，也没有多少东西
1，三种视图的使用
2，第三种视图需要配合url 的配置，
3，但是一般还是自己写视图，不使用这三种视图，因为不够灵活，

###############   总结   ###############

###############   总结   ###############