python（random 模块）

 一、Random 模块

• 注意：random() 是不能直接访问的，需要导入 random 模块，然后通过 random 静态对象调用该方法。

1.random.random()

• 返回随机生成的一个 [0，1) 范围内的实数

import random
print (random.random())

--> 0.112499651779

2.random.randint(x,y)

• 随机生成  [x，y] 范围内的整数

import random
print (random.randint(1,2))

--> 2

#10内相加计算
import random

a = random.randint(1,10)
b = random.randint(1,10)

c = input(str(a) + "+" + str(b) + "=")
if int(c) == a+b:
    print ("答案正确!")
else:
    print ("答案错误！")

3.random.randrange(a,b,step)

• 随机生成一个 [a,b) 之间的一个整数，可以定义 step 步长
• 与range（）用法类似

import random

print (random.randrange(3))
print (random.randrange(1,2))
print (random.randrange(1,6,2))

4.random.uniform(a,b)

• 返回  [a，b] 内的一个浮点数

import random

print (random.uniform(1,2))

5.random.choice(a)

• 从 a 中随机选择一个元素，a 不能为空且 a 不能为字典

import random

a = "xfs"
print (random.choice(a))

b = [1,2,3]
print (random.choice(b))

"""
#随机生成学员姓名
student = ['张三','李四','王五',]
print (random.choice(student))
"""

#实现3次抽奖，且每人只能抽中一次
import random
stu = ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","zhaoliu","niuqi"]
"""
#方案一
for i in range(3):
    print (stu.pop(random.choice(range(len(stu)))))
"""
"""
#方案二
for i in range(3):
    print (stu.pop(stu.index(random.choice(stu))))
"""

import random

"""
#随机删除列表中一个字符串，直至列表清空
box = ["a","b","c","d","e","f"]
for i in range(len(box)):
    ball = random.choice(range(len(box)))
    del box[ball]
    print (box)
"""

"""
#随机生成手机号一
def phone():
    a = ["136","177","186","131"]
    return random.choice(a)+"".join(random.choice("0123456789")
                                   for i in range(8))
"""

"""
#随机生成手机号二
def phone():
    number = ["138","156","130","177"]
    return random.choice(number)+str(random.randint(9999999,99999999))
"""

"""
#随机生成手机号三
def phone():
    number = ["138","156","130","177"]
    return random.choice(number) + str(random.uniform(1,2))[2:10]
"""

"""
#福利彩票生成
num = ["1","2","3",'4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15','16',
       '17','18','19','20','21','22','23','24','25','26','27','28','29',
       '30','31','32','33']
for i in range(7):
    num1 = num.pop(random.randint(0,len(num)-1))
    if i == 0:
        num2 = num1
    elif i == 1:
        num3 = num1
    elif i == 2:
        num4 = num1
    elif i == 3:
        num5 = num1
    elif i == 4:
        num6 = num1
    elif i == 5:
        num7 = num1
    elif i == 6:
        num8 = num1
print (num2+" "+num3+" "+num4+" "+num5+" "+num6+" "+num7+" "+num8)
"""