Hive伪分布式下安装

本安装过程只作为个人笔记用，非标准教程，请酌情COPY。:-D

Hive下载

下载之前，需先查看兼容的Hadoop版本，并安装hadoop，参考 http://www.cnblogs.com/yongjian/p/6552647.html

因为自己安装的是hadoop2.7.0，所以就直接下载了Hive2.0.1版本安装。

下载连接apache-hive-2.0.1-bin.tar.gz

Hive安装

注：由于Hive运行在Hadoop上，每个Hive发布的版本都可以和多个Hadoop版本共同工作。一般来说，Hive支持Hadoop的新老版本。

1. 解压后hive包位置在 /opt/apache-hive-2.0.1-bin 下。

[root@hadoop001 opt]# tar apache-hive-2.0.1-bin.tar.gz

2. 安装包授权给hadoop用户

[root@hadoop001 opt]# chown hadoop:hadoop -R apache-hive-2.0.1-bin/

3. 切回hadoop用户，并添加hive环境变量

[hadoop@hadoop001 ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile

添加Hive路径

# User specific environment and startup programs

#java
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_40/

# hadoop
HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-2.7.3
HIVE_HOME=/opt/apache-hive-2.0.1-bin

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:JAVA_HOME/bin:$HIVE_HOME/bin

export PATH

应用一下环境变量文件

[hadoop@hadoop001 ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile

4. Hive的元数据

Hive元数据有三种存储方式

• Derby：Hive默认的存储模式，缺点是不可并发调用Hive
• 本地Mysql：单节点存储，数据风险大
• 远程Mysql：需要网络传输

这里采用第二种方式，本地搭建Mysql元数据。

首先是安装Mysql

[hadoop@hadoop001 ~]$ yum -y install mysql-server

完成后配置开机启动

[root@hadoop001 hadoop]# chkconfig mysqld on

启动Mysql

[root@hadoop001 hadoop]# service mysqld start

因为是第一次安装，需要先初始化用户root的密码

[root@hadoop001 hadoop]# mysqladmin -u root password 'hive'

随后登录root用户，输入密码hive

[root@hadoop001 hadoop]# mysql -uroot –p

创建hive用户，密码hive，并创建hive源数据库

mysql> insert into mysql.user(Host,User,Password) values("localhost","hive",password("hive"));
Query OK, 1 row affected, 3 warnings (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database hive;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all on hive.* to hive@'%' identified by 'hive';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all on hive.* to hive@'localhost' identified by 'hive';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all on hive.* to hive@'hadoop001' identified by 'hive';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

5. 修改Hive配置文件

创建hive临时文件目录并全部授权给hadoop用户

[root@hadoop001 hive]# mkdir -p /tmp/hive//iotmp
[root@hadoop001 hive]# chown  hadoop:hadoop -R /tmp/hive/

然后生成hive-site.xml

[root@hadoop001 hive]# cp /opt/apache-hive-2.0.1-bin/conf/hive-default.xml.template /opt/apache-hive-2.0.1-bin/conf/hive-site.xml

以下几项需要修改

<property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
    <value>jdbc:mysql://hadoop001:3306/hive</value>
    <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
  </property>
 <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
    <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
    <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
  </property>
<property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>     <value>hive </value>
</property>
  <property>
    <name>hive.hwi.listen.port</name>
    <value>3306</value>
    <description>This is the port the Hive Web Interface will listen on</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>datanucleus.schema.autoCreateAll</name>
    <value>true</value>
    <description>creates necessary schema on a startup if one doesn't exist. set this to false, after creating it once</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
    <value>hive</value>
    <description>Username to use against metastore database</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>
    <value>/tmp/hive/iotmp</value>
    <description>Local scratch space for Hive jobs</description>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>
    <value>/tmp/hive/iotmp</value>
    <description>Temporary local directory for added resources in the remote file system.</description>
  </property>
<property>
    <name>hive.querylog.location</name>
    <value>/home/hdpsrc/hive/iotmp</value>
    <description>Location of Hive run time structured log file</description>
</property>

6. 配置mysql的jdbc驱动

下载mysql的jdbc驱动包，将mysql驱动包copy到 $HIVE_HOME/lib下

[root@hadoop001 lib]# mv /opt/soft/mysql-connector-java-5.1.17.jar /opt/apache-hive-2.0.1-bin/lib/

7.启动hadoop

start-dfs.sh

8. 启动hive，创建测试表

[hadoop@hadoop001 conf]$ hive
which: no hbase in (/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_40//bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/hadoop/bin:/opt/hadoop-2.7.3/bin:/opt/hadoop-2.7.3/sbin:JAVA_HOME/bin:/opt/apache-hive-2.0.1-bin/bin)
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/apache-hive-2.0.1-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.4.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/hadoop-2.7.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/opt/apache-hive-2.0.1-bin/lib/hive-common-2.0.1.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties
Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. spark, tez) or using Hive 1.X releases.
hive> show databases;
OK
default
Time taken: 1.079 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive> create table test(x int);
OK
Time taken: 0.56 seconds
hive> show tables;
OK
test
Time taken: 0.075 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

8. 在mysql中查看新建表test的元数据

[root@hadoop001 apache-hive-2.0.1-bin]# mysql -u root -p

mysql> use hive;
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_hive            |
+---------------------------+
| BUCKETING_COLS            |
| CDS                       |
| COLUMNS_V2                |
| DATABASE_PARAMS           |
| DBS                       |
| FUNCS                     |
| FUNC_RU                   |
| GLOBAL_PRIVS              |
| PARTITIONS                |
| PARTITION_KEYS            |
| PARTITION_KEY_VALS        |
| PARTITION_PARAMS          |
| PART_COL_STATS            |
| ROLES                     |
| SDS                       |
| SD_PARAMS                 |
| SEQUENCE_TABLE            |
| SERDES                    |
| SERDE_PARAMS              |
| SKEWED_COL_NAMES          |
| SKEWED_COL_VALUE_LOC_MAP  |
| SKEWED_STRING_LIST        |
| SKEWED_STRING_LIST_VALUES |
| SKEWED_VALUES             |
| SORT_COLS                 |
| TABLE_PARAMS              |
| TAB_COL_STATS             |
| TBLS                      |
| TBL_PRIVS                 |
| VERSION                   |
+---------------------------+
30 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看TBLS表，可以看到新增的test表的属性信息。

至此，Hive安装完毕。