【BZOJ】3437: 小P的牧场

题意

n个点，需要再一些点建立控制站，如果在第\(i\)个建站，贡献为\(a[i]\)。假设前一个站为\(j<i\)，则\([j+1, i]\)的点的贡献是\(\sum_{k=j+1}^{i} (i-k) b[k]\)。同时要求第\(n\)个点建站。求最小贡献。（\(n \le 10^6\)）

题解

设\(d(i)\)表示前\(i\)个且在第\(i\)个牧场建控制站的最小贡献

则

\[d(i) = min( d(j) + cost(j+1, i) ) + a[i]
\]

则\(ans = d(n)\)

设\(cost(i, j)\)表示\([i, j]\)由\(j\)控制的费用

$$
\begin{align}
cost(i, j) & = \sum_{k=i}^{j} (j-k)b[k] \\
& = j \sum_{k=i}^{j} b[k] - \sum_{k=i}^{j} kb[k] \\
\end{align}
$$

令

\(s_0(n) = \sum_{i=1}^{n} b[i]\)

\(s_1(n) = \sum_{i=1}^{n} ib[i]\)

则

\[cost(i, j) = j (s_0(j) - s_0(i-1)) - (s_1(j) - s_1(i-1))
\]

则

$$
\begin{align}
d(i) & = min( d(j) + i(s_0(i) - s_0(j)) - s_1(i) + s_1(j) ) \\
& = min( d(j) + s_1(j) - is_0(j) ) + is_0(i) - s_1(i) + a[i] \\
\end{align}
$$

设决策\(j\)比\(k\)优且\(s_0(j) \le s_0(k)\)

$$
\begin{align}
d(j) + s_1(j) - i s_0(j) & \le d(k) + s_1(k) - i s_0(k) \\
d(j) + s_1(j) - ( d(k) + s_1(k) ) & \le i (s_0(j) - s_0(k)) \\
\frac{d(j) + s_1(j) - ( d(k) + s_1(k) )}{ s_0(j) - s_0(k)} & \ge i \\
\end{align}
$$

由于\(i\)递增，\(s_0(i)\)随\(i\)递增而递增，因此我们用单调队列优化

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int N=1000005;
typedef long long ll;
int a[N], q[N];
ll s0[N], s1[N], d[N];
inline ll Y(int j, int k) {
	return d[j]+s1[j]-d[k]-s1[k];
}
inline ll X(int j, int k) {
	return (ll)s0[j]-s0[k];
}
int main() {
	int n;
	scanf("%d", &n);
	for(int i=1; i<=n; ++i) {
		scanf("%d", &a[i]);
	}
	for(int i=1; i<=n; ++i) {
		scanf("%lld", &s0[i]);
		s1[i]=s0[i]*i;
		s0[i]+=s0[i-1];
		s1[i]+=s1[i-1];
	}
	int fr=0, ta=1;
	q[0]=0;
	for(int i=1; i<=n; ++i) {
		while(ta-fr>=2 && Y(q[fr], q[fr+1])>(ll)i*X(q[fr], q[fr+1])) {
			++fr;
		}
		int j=q[fr];
		d[i]=d[j]+s1[j]-s0[j]*i+s0[i]*i-s1[i]+a[i];
		while(ta-fr>=2 && Y(q[ta-2], i)*X(q[ta-2], q[ta-1])<=Y(q[ta-2], q[ta-1])*X(q[ta-2], i)) {
			--ta;
		}
		q[ta++]=i;
	}
	printf("%lld\n", d[n]);
	return 0;
}