Struts2(十三)国际化-internationalization

一、国际化是什么--I18N

即internationalization

首字母i-结束字母n之间有18个字母

特征：在程序不做修改的情况下，可以根据不同的语言环境显示相应内容

二、Java内置国际化

message_en_US.properties

demo = hello world!

userName = user name

password = password

welcome = welcome!

message_zh_CN.properties

demo = \u60A8\u597D\u4E16\u754C!

userName = \u7528\u6237\u540D

password = \u5BC6\u7801

welcome = \u6B22\u8FCE!

message.properties

demo = \u60A8\u597D\u4E16\u754C!

userName = \u7528\u6237\u540D

password = \u5BC6\u7801

welcome = \u6B22\u8FCE!

实现代码

<%@page import="java.util.ResourceBundle"%>

<%@page import="java.util.Locale"%>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>测试</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>测试页面</h1>

<%

//获取当前已经安装的语言数组

Locale [] locals=Locale.getAvailableLocales();

//遍历数组

for(Locale local:locals){

    //国家+国家代码

    out.print("国家:    "+local.getDisplayCountry()+"     国家代码:"+local.getCountry()+"   ");

    //语言+语言代码

    out.println("语言:  "+local.getDisplayLanguage()+"   语言代码:"+local.getLanguage()+"<hr/>");

}

//引用语言            此处可以更改

Locale ls=Locale.getDefault();

//使用哪个资源文件

ResourceBundle rb=ResourceBundle.getBundle("message",ls);

//输出

out.println(rb.getString("demo"));

out.println(rb.getString("userName"));

out.println(rb.getString("password"));

out.println(rb.getString("welcome"));

%>

</body>

</html>

三、Struts2实现

准备全局资源文件：通常至少三个文件

命名规则:前缀名_语言_国家.properties

内容格式：key=value

指定资源文件(设置常量)

1.struts.xml文件中:

    <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message" />

2.struts.properties中：

struts.custom.i18n.resources=message

<s:text name="demo"></s:text>

<s:text name="userName" />

<s:text name="password" />

<s:text name="welcome" />

更改资源文件

message.properites

demo = 您好世界!

userName = 用户名

password = 密码

welcome = 欢迎!

submit =提交

reset=重置

message_zh_CN.properties

demo = 您好世界!

userName = 用户名

password = 密码

welcome = 欢迎!

submit =提交

reset=重置

message_en_US.properties

demo = hello world!

userName = user name

password = password

welcome = welcome!

submit =submit

reset=reset

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

 <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>测试</title>

</head>

<body>

<s:text name="demo"></s:text>

<s:text name="userName" />

<s:text name="password" />

<s:text name="welcome" />

<s:form action="" method="post">

<s:textfield key="userName" />

<s:password  key="password"/>

<s:submit key="submit"/>

<s:reset key="reset" />

</s:form>

</body>

</html>

四、Action类实现国际化

message.properties

demo = 您好世界!

userName = 用户名

password = 密码

welcome = {0}欢迎!{1}

submit =提交

reset=重置

fail=登录失败

usermsg=用户名不能为空

usermsglength=用户名的长度为2-16位

pwdmsg=密码不能为空

pwdmsglength=密码的长度为2-16位

message_zh_CN.properties同上

message_en_US.properties

demo = hello world!

userName = user name

password = password

welcome = {0}welcome!{1}

submit =submit

reset=reset

fail=login failed

usermsg=user name do not empty

usermsglength=user name length is 2 to 16!

pwdmsg=password do not empty

pwdmsglength=password length is 2 to 16!

struts.xml

<struts>

    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />

    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

    <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message" />

    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

    <action name="login" class="action.LoginAction" method="login">

    <result name="success">

    /demo.jsp

    </result>

    <result name="input">

    /demo.jsp

    </result>

    </action>

 </package>

</struts>

demo.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

 <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>测试</title>

</head>

<body>

<%-- <s:text name="demo"></s:text>

<s:text name="userName" />

<s:text name="password" />

<s:text name="welcome" /> --%>

<s:form action="login.action" method="post">

<s:textfield name="username" key="userName" />

<s:password  name="password" key="password"/>

<s:submit key="submit"/>

<s:reset key="reset" />

</s:form>

<hr/><br/>

<s:actionmessage />

<s:debug/>

</body>

</html>

LogionAction

package action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {

    private String username;

    private String password;

    public String login() {

        if ("admin".equalsIgnoreCase(username)

                && "admin".equalsIgnoreCase(password)) {

            this.addActionMessage(this.getText("welcome", new String[] {

                    username,password}));

            return SUCCESS;

        }

        this.addActionMessage(this.getText("fail"));

        return INPUT;

    }

    public String getUsername() {

        return username;

    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {

        this.username = username;

    }

    public String getPassword() {

        return password;

    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {

        this.password = password;

    }

}

LogionAction.login()验证文件

LogionAction-login-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"

        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd">

<validators>

<field name="username">

<field-validator type="requiredstring">

<param name="trim">true</param>

<message>${getText("usermsg")}</message>

</field-validator>

<field-validator type="stringlength">

<param name="trim">true</param>

<param name="minLength">2</param>

<param name="maxLength">16</param>

<message>${getText("usermsglength")}</message>

</field-validator>

</field>

<field name="password">

<field-validator type="requiredstring">

<param name="trim">true</param>

<message>${getText("pwdmsg")}</message>

</field-validator>

<field-validator type="stringlength">

<param name="trim">true</param>

<param name="minLength">2</param>

<param name="maxLength">16</param>

<message>${getText("pwdmsglength")}</message>

</field-validator>

</field>

</validators>

五、Jsp页面国际化传参数

<!-- First Example -->

<s:i18n name="struts.action.test.i18n.Shop">

    <s:text name="main.title"/>

</s:i18n>

<!-- Second Example -->

<s:text name="main.title" />

<!-- Third Examlpe -->

<s:text name="i18n.label.greetings">

   <s:param >Mr Smith</s:param>

</s:text>

<s:text name="welcome">

<s:param>admin</s:param>

<s:param>ffff</s:param>

</s:text>

六、资源查找顺序

七、在JSP中使用国际化

使用UI表单标志时，getText可以用来设置label属性，例如： <s:textfield name="name" label="%{getText('UserName')}"/>

八、资源文件里使用OGNL表达式

许多情况下，我们都需要在动行时（runtime）为国际化字符插入一些参数，例如在输入验证提示信息的时候。在Struts 2.0中，我们可以通过在资源文件的国际化字符串中使用OGNL做到这点：格式为${表达式}，例如：

validation.require=${fileName} is required

九、资源文件查找顺序