spring aop advice
1.前置通知(BeforeAdvice)：
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;
public class HelloBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice{
public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("do something before some method");
}
}
如果出现 The hierarchy of the type HelloBeforeAdvice is inconsistent错误 ， 是缺少相关的jar或者jdk环境不对。
2.后置通知(AfterAdvice)
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;
public class HelloAfterAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice {
public void afterReturning(Object result, Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("do something after the method");
}
}
3. Test client
import org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactory;
public class TestClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory();//创建代理工厂
proxyFactory.setTarget(new HelloImpl());
proxyFactory.addAdvice(new HelloBeforeAdvice());
proxyFactory.addAdvice(new HelloAfterAdvice());
Hello helloProxy = (Hello) proxyFactory.getProxy();
System.out.println(helloProxy.sayHello("zhangsan"));
}
}
----------------------------
public class HelloImpl implements Hello {
public String sayHello(String str) {
System.out.println("hello>>>"+str);
return "hello>>>"+str;
}
}
4. 环绕通知(AroundAdvice)
//aop联盟提供的接口
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation; public class HelloAroundAdvice implements MethodInterceptor { public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("before method>>>");
Object result = invocation.proceed();
System.out.println("after method>>");
return result;
}
}
5. spring 配置文件方式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描ppms包 ,将带有注解的类 纳入spring容器管理 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cdv.ppms"></context:component-scan> <bean id="helloProxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="interfaces" value="com.cdv.ppms.Hello"/><!-- 需要代理的接口 -->
<property name="target" ref="helloImpl"/><!-- 接口实现类 , 此处需要是ref 否则object is not an instance of declaring class-->
<property name="interceptorNames"><!-- 拦截器 名称-->
<list>
<value>helloAroundAdvice</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="helloImpl" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl"></bean>
</beans>
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component
public class HelloImpl implements Hello {
//...
} @Component
public class HelloAroundAdvice implements MethodInterceptor {
//....
}
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class TestXMLClient { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
Hello hello = (Hello) context.getBean("helloProxy");
hello.sayHello("test xml");
}
}
6. 抛出通知(ThrowAdvice)
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component
public class HelloThrowAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice{
public void afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] args, Object target, Exception e){
System.out.println("-------------------Throw Exception------------------------");
System.out.println("target class>>"+target.getClass().getName());
System.out.println("method class>>" + method.getName());
System.out.println("exception message>>"+e.getMessage());
System.out.println("-------------------Throw Exception------------------------");
}
}
<bean id="helloProxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="interfaces" value="com.cdv.ppms.Hello"/><!-- 需要代理的接口 -->
<property name="target" ref="helloImpl"/><!-- 接口实现类 -->
<property name="interceptorNames"><!-- 拦截器 名称-->
<list>
<value>helloAroundAdvice</value>
<value>testThrowAdvice</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component
public class HelloImpl implements Hello { public String sayHello(String str) {
System.out.println("hello>>>"+str);
throw new RuntimeException("error>>");//加入异常以便测试
}
}
7. 引入通知(Introduction Advice)
对方法的增强叫织入（Weaving），对类的增强叫引入(Introduction)
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
import org.springframework.aop.support.DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class HelloIntroAdvice extends DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor implements Apology { /**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3328637206414010549L; public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable{ return super.invoke(invocation);
} public void saySorry(String str) {
System.out.println("introduction advice>>>"+str);
}
}
<bean id="helloProxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="interfaces" value="com.cdv.ppms.Apology"/><!-- 需要代理的接口 -->
<property name="target" ref="helloImpl"/><!-- 接口实现类 -->
<property name="interceptorNames"><!-- 拦截器 名称-->
<list>
<value>helloAroundAdvice</value>
<value>helloThrowAdvice</value>
<value>helloIntroAdvice</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"></property><!--代理目标类， 默认false代理接口-->
</bean>
<bean id="helloImpl" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl"></bean>
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class TestXMLClient { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
HelloImpl helloImpl = (HelloImpl) context.getBean("helloProxy");
helloImpl.sayHello("test xml");
Apology apology = (Apology) helloImpl;//将目标类向上强制转型为Apology接口， 这时引入通知给我们带来的特性， 也就是“接口动态实现”功能
apology.saySorry("zhangsan");
}
}
8. 切面(Advisor)
切面(Advisor)封装了通知（Advice）和切点(Pointcut)
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component
public class HelloImpl implements Hello { public String sayHello(String str) {
System.out.println("hello>>>"+str);
return str;
} public void advisorOne(String name){
System.out.println("advisor one>>>"+name);
} public void advisorTwo(String name){
System.out.println("advisor two>>"+name);
}
}
在代理类中新增以advisor开头的方法，对其进行拦截
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cdv.ppms"></context:component-scan>
<!--定义切面-->
<bean id="helloAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="advice" ref="helloAroundAdvice"/>
<property name="pattern" value="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl.advisor.*"></property><!-- 切点 (正则表达式) -->
</bean>
<bean id="helloProxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="target" ref="helloImpl"/><!-- 接口实现类 -->
<property name="interceptorNames" value="helloAdvisor"/>
<property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="helloImpl" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl"></bean>
<bean id="helloAroundAdvice" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloAroundAdvice"></bean>
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class HelloAroundAdvice implements MethodInterceptor { public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("before method>>>");
Object result = invocation.proceed();
System.out.println("after method>>");
return result;
}
}
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class TestXMLClient { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
HelloImpl helloImpl = (HelloImpl) context.getBean("helloProxy");
helloImpl.advisorOne("11111111");
helloImpl.advisorTwo("2222222222"); }
}
-------------around包了两层， 有问题-------------------------------------------
before method>>>
before method>>>
advisor one>>>11111111
after method>>
after method>>
before method>>>
before method>>>
advisor two>>2222222222
after method>>
after method>>
------------------------
随着项目的扩大， 上述的代理配置会越来越多。
9. 自动代理（扫描bean名称）
定义BeanNameAutoProxyCreator,该bean是个bean后处理器，无需被引用，因此没有id属性
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cdv.ppms"></context:component-scan>
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<property name="beanNames" value="*Impl"/><!--对以Impl结尾的类进行处理-->
<property name="interceptorNames" value="helloAroundAdvice"/>
<property name="optimize" value="true"/>
</bean>
<bean id="helloImpl" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl"></bean>
<bean id="helloAroundAdvice" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloAroundAdvice"></bean>
测试
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class TestXMLClient { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
HelloImpl helloImpl = (HelloImpl) context.getBean("helloImpl");
helloImpl.advisorOne("11111111");//
helloImpl.advisorTwo("2222222222");
helloImpl.sayHello("zhangwuji");
}
}
10. 自动代理(扫描切面配置)
代理将由DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator自动生成，这个类可以扫描所有的切面类
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cdv.ppms"></context:component-scan>
<bean id="helloAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="advice" ref="helloAroundAdvice"/>
<property name="pattern" value="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl.advisor.*"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator">
<property name="optimize" value="true"/>
</bean>
<bean id="helloImpl" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl"></bean>
<bean id="helloAroundAdvice" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloAroundAdvice"></bean>
测试
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class TestXMLClient { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
HelloImpl helloImpl = (HelloImpl) context.getBean("helloImpl");
helloImpl.advisorOne("11111111");
helloImpl.advisorTwo("2222222222");
helloImpl.sayHello("zhangwuji");
}
}
//只有符合advisor开头的方法才会被代理
这样在spring的配置中会存在大量的切面配置（想拦截指定注解的方法，就必须拓展DefaultPointcutAdvisor类，自定义一个切面类）。
11. Spring & AspectJ
11-1 基于注解 ：通过execution()表达式 拦截方法
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Aspect
@Component
public class HelloAspect { @Around("execution(* com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl.*(..))")//切点表达式
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable{
before();
Object result = pjp.proceed();
after();
return result;
} private void after() {
System.out.println("hey,, after."); } private void before() {
System.out.println("hey,, before");
}
}
切点表达式
execution()表示拦截的方法， 挂号中定义拦截的规则
上面第一个*表示返回任意类型
第二个*表示HelloImpl类中的任意方法
..表示任意类型参数
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cdv.ppms"></context:component-scan>
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/><!-- 默认值为false只能代理接口，当为true时才能代理目标类 -->
<bean id="helloImpl" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl"></bean>
test
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class TestXMLClient { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
HelloImpl helloImpl = (HelloImpl) context.getBean("helloImpl");
helloImpl.advisorOne("11111111");
helloImpl.advisorTwo("2222222222");
helloImpl.sayHello("zhangwuji");
}
}
11-2 基于注解 通过AspectJ @annotation表达式拦截方法
自定义注解
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target; @Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface MyTag { }
更改aspect类的切点表达式
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Aspect
@Component
public class HelloAspect { @Around("@annotation(com.cdv.ppms.MyTag)")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable{
before();
Object result = pjp.proceed();
after();
return result;
} private void after() {
System.out.println("hey,, after."); } private void before() {
System.out.println("hey,, before");
}
}
该注解可以标注在方法上，运行时生效
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component
public class HelloImpl implements Hello { public String sayHello(String str) {
System.out.println("hello>>>"+str);
return str;
}
@MyTag
public void advisorOne(String name){
System.out.println("advisor one>>>"+name);
}
public void advisorTwo(String name){
System.out.println("advisor two>>"+name);
}
}
配置
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cdv.ppms"></context:component-scan>
<bean id="helloImpl" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl"></bean>
测试
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class TestXMLClient { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
HelloImpl helloImpl = (HelloImpl) context.getBean("helloImpl");
helloImpl.advisorOne("11111111");
helloImpl.advisorTwo("2222222222");
helloImpl.sayHello("zhangwuji");
}
}
其他几个注解
@Before @After @AfterThrowing @DeclareParents引入通知 AfterReturning(返回后通知，在方法结束后执行)
11-3 引入通知
Aspect类
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.DeclareParents;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Aspect
@Component
public class HelloAspect {
//something need to do
@DeclareParents(value="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl",defaultImpl=com.cdv.ppms.ApologyImpl.class)
private Apology apology; }
接口实现类
public class ApologyImpl implements Apology {
public void saySorry(String str) {
System.out.println("apologyImpl>>>"+str);
}
}
配置
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cdv.ppms"></context:component-scan>
<bean id="helloImpl" class="com.cdv.ppms.HelloImpl"></bean>
测试
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class TestXMLClient { public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
HelloImpl helloImpl = (HelloImpl) context.getBean("helloImpl");
helloImpl.sayHello("zhangwuji");
Apology apology = (Apology) helloImpl;
apology.saySorry("hahahahah");
}
}
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