django 设置静态文件，static

django 设置静态文件，static

一、搜集静态文件

1.1 命令行查看 collectstatic

guoguos-MacBook-Pro:mysite guoguo$ python manage.py -h

[staticfiles]
    collectstatic
    findstatic
    runserver

1.2 执行 python manage.py collectstatic 收集信息
guoguos-MacBook-Pro:mysite guoguo$ python manage.py collectstatic

You have requested to collect static files at the destination
location as specified in your settingsguoguo.

This will overwrite existing files!
Are you sure you want to do this?

Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line , in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/core/management/__init__.py", line , in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/core/management/__init__.py", line , in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/core/management/base.py", line , in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/core/management/base.py", line , in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line , in handle
    collected = self.collect()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line , in collect
    handler(path, prefixed_path, storage)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line , in copy_file
    if not self.delete_file(path, prefixed_path, source_storage):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line , in delete_file
    if self.storage.exists(prefixed_path):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/core/files/storage.py", line , in exists
    return os.path.exists(self.path(name))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py", line , in path
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("You're using the staticfiles app "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: You're using the staticfiles app without having set the STATIC_ROOT setting to a filesystem path.
guoguos-MacBook-Pro:mysite guoguo$ python manage.py -h
1.3 解决报错 发现报错，在setting.py 中没有设置 STATIC_ROOT，ok，下面进行设置

在setting.py  底部设置配置 如下
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')

1.4 再次执行，查看结果
guoguos-MacBook-Pro:mysite guoguo$ python manage.py collectstatic

过程如下，这部分是把django 默认自带的 static 文件 搜集 放到该项目中，最后显示搜集62项
Copying '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/css/base.css'

Copying '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/Django-1.11.7-py3.5.egg/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/vendor/xregexp/xregexp.min.js'
Copying '/Users/guoguo/Documents/GitHub/zuopiezi/python_project/develop_py/mysite/polls/static/polls/style.css'

 static files copied to '/Users/guoguo/Documents/GitHub/zuopiezi/python_project/develop_py/mysite/static'.

1.5 在 polls 项目发现有个多了个static 目录，里面显示上面搜集到的信息

└── static
    ├── admin
    │   ├── css
    │   │   ├── base.css
    │   │   ├── changelists.css
    │   │   ├── dashboard.css
    │   │   ├── fonts.css
    │   │   ├── forms.css
    │   │   ├── login.css
    │   │   ├── rtl.css
    │   │   └── widgets.css
    │   ├── fonts
    │   │   ├── LICENSE.txt
    │   │   ├── README.txt
    │   │   ├── Roboto-Bold-webfont.woff
    │   │   ├── Roboto-Light-webfont.woff
    │   │   └── Roboto-Regular-webfont.woff
    │   ├── img

    │           ├── jquery
    │           │   ├── LICENSE-JQUERY.txt
    │           │   ├── jquery.js
    │           │   └── jquery.min.js
    │           └── xregexp
    │               ├── LICENSE-XREGEXP.txt
    │               ├── xregexp.js
    │               └── xregexp.min.js

二、自定义static文件
 2.1 创建自定义static文件

│   ├── static
│   │   └── polls
│   │       ├── images
│   │       │   └── osd.png
│   │       └── style.css

2.2 编辑css 内容 设置 字体颜色和 背景图片
guoguos-MacBook-Pro:polls guoguo$ cat style.css
li a {
color: green;
}
body {
background: white url("images/osd.png") no-repeat right bottom;
}

2.3 编辑index.html文件内容

增加如下：
{% load static %}
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static 'polls/style.css' %}" />
内容

guoguos-MacBook-Pro:polls guoguo$ pwd
/Users/guoguo/Documents/GitHub/zuopiezi/python_project/develop_py/mysite/polls/templates/polls
guoguos-MacBook-Pro:polls guoguo$ cat index.html
{% load static %}
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static 'polls/style.css' %}" />

{% if latest_question_list %}
<ul>
    {% for question in latest_question_list %}
<li>

     <a href="{% url 'polls:detail' question.id %}"> {{question.question_text }} </a>

</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% else %}
<p> No polls are available.</p>
{% endif %}guoguos-MacBook-Pro:polls guoguo$ 

2.4 再次用python manage.py collectstatic 搜集信息
guoguos-MacBook-Pro:mysite guoguo$ python manage.py collectstatic

You have requested to collect static files at the destination
location as specified in your settings:

    /Users/guoguo/Documents/GitHub/zuopiezi/python_project/develop_py/mysite/static

This will overwrite existing files!
Are you sure you want to do this?

Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes
Copying '/Users/guoguo/Documents/GitHub/zuopiezi/python_project/develop_py/mysite/polls/static/polls/style.css'

 static file copied to '/Users/guoguo/Documents/GitHub/zuopiezi/python_project/develop_py/mysite/static',  unmodified.

2.5 查看结果   查看 polls程序是否更新

guoguos-MacBook-Pro:mysite guoguo$ python manage.py runserver
Performing system checks...
2.6 结果如下