1 题目

All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACGAATTCCG". When studying DNA, it is sometimes useful to identify repeated sequences within the DNA.

Write a function to find all the 10-letter-long sequences (substrings) that occur more than once in a DNA molecule.

For example,

Given s = "AAAAACCCCCAAAAACCCCCCAAAAAGGGTTT",

Return:
["AAAAACCCCC", "CCCCCAAAAA"].

接口

public List<String> findRepeatedDnaSequences(String s);

2 思路

寻找重复出现1次以上的10个字符串。

思路1:TLE。从第一个子字符串开始遍历,并存储在List中,如果某个子字符串出现两次,就将其添加到结果List中。

思路2:映射4个字符'A''C''G''T'为整数,对整数进行移位以及位与操作,以获取相应的子字符串。

①将ACGT进行二进制编码

A -> 00

C -> 01

G -> 10

T -> 11

②在编码的情况下,每10位字符的组合是一个数字value,且10位的字符串有20位;int是32位,可以储存。例如

ACGTACGTAC -> 00011011000110110001

AAAAAAAAAA -> 00000000000000000000

采用HashSet来存储这些value。20位的二进制数,至多有2^20种组合,因此hash set的大小最大为2^20,即1024 * 1024。

③遍历字符串

每次向右移动1位字符,相当于字符串对应的int值左移2位,再将其最低2位置为新的字符的编码值,最后将高2位置0。

 value = (value << 2) + 字符的编码值int;
value &= (1 << 20) - 1;//整数占32个位,获取其低20位(题中要求是长度为10的子字符串,映射为整数后,子字符串总共占用20位)

例如

src CAAAAAAAAAC

subStr CAAAAAAAAA

int 0100000000

subStr AAAAAAAAAC

int 0000000001

复杂度

Time:O(n)  Space:O(n) 

3 代码

 import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set; public class Solution {
// Time:O(n) Space:O(n)
private final static Map<Character, Integer> chsMap = new HashMap<Character, Integer>(
4);
static {
chsMap.put('A', 0);
chsMap.put('C', 1);
chsMap.put('G', 2);
chsMap.put('T', 3);
} public List<String> findRepeatedDnaSequences(String s) {
Set<String> res = new HashSet<String>();
final int length = s.length();
if (length <= 10)
return new LinkedList<String>(res);
Set<Integer> intSet = new HashSet<Integer>();
int value = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
value = (value << 2) + chsMap.get(s.charAt(i));
}
for (int i = 9; i < length; i++) {
value = (value << 2) + chsMap.get(s.charAt(i));
value &= (1 << 20) - 1;
if (intSet.contains(value)) {
res.add(s.substring(i - 9, i + 1));
}
intSet.add(value);
}
return new LinkedList<String>(res);
}
}

4  扩展

  • 当该字符串中没有出现长度为10的子字符串出现两次以上时,返回结果为[],而不是null。
  • 若输入'AAAAAAAAAAA', 输出['AAAAAAAAAA']

5 参考

  1. leetcode
  2. Leetcode:Repeated DNA Sequences详细题解

lc面试准备:Repeated DNA Sequences的更多相关文章

  1. LeetCode 187. 重复的DNA序列(Repeated DNA Sequences)

    187. 重复的DNA序列 187. Repeated DNA Sequences 题目描述 All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbrev ...

  2. 187. Repeated DNA Sequences重复的DNA子串序列

    [抄题]: All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: &qu ...

  3. [LeetCode] Repeated DNA Sequences 求重复的DNA序列

    All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...

  4. [Leetcode] Repeated DNA Sequences

    All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...

  5. leetcode 187. Repeated DNA Sequences 求重复的DNA串 ---------- java

    All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...

  6. 【leetcode】Repeated DNA Sequences(middle)★

    All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...

  7. LeetCode() Repeated DNA Sequences 看的非常的过瘾!

    All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...

  8. Repeated DNA Sequences

    All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...

  9. Java for LeetCode 187 Repeated DNA Sequences

    All DNA is composed of a series of nucleotides abbreviated as A, C, G, and T, for example: "ACG ...

随机推荐

  1. jsp获取服务端的访问信息

    获取服务端访问信息 public static String getUrl(HttpServletRequest request){ String url = ""; if(req ...

  2. td中使用overflow:hidden; 无效解决方案

    td中使用overflow:hidden; 无效解决方案 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ...

  3. Intent.Action

    1 Intent.ACTION_MAIN String: android.intent.action.MAIN 标识Activity为一个程序的开始.比较常用. Input:nothing Outpu ...

  4. 学习java随笔第十篇:java线程

    线程生命周期 线程的生命周期:新建状态.准备状态.运行状态.等待/阻塞状态.死亡状态 示意图: 定义.创建及运行线程 线程: package threadrun; //定义一个实现Runnable接口 ...

  5. 多线程与Socket编程

    一.死锁 定义: 指两个或两个以上的进程在执行过程中,因争夺资源而造成的一种互相等待的现象,若无外力作用,它们都将无法推进下去.此时称系统处于死锁状态或系统产生了死锁,这些永远在互相等待的进程称为死锁 ...

  6. ubuntu 12.04安装redis2.6.16

    1.下载源文件并安装 登录 http://www.redis.io/download 下载redis-2.6.16.tar.gz tar -zxf redis-2.6.16.tar.gz cd red ...

  7. CollectionView就是这么简单!

    UICollectionView 和 UICollectionViewController 类是iOS6 新引进的API,用于展示集合视图,布局更加灵活,可实现多列布局,用法类似于UITableVie ...

  8. 流形(Manifold)初步【转】

    转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/wangxiaojun911/article/details/17076465 欧几里得几何学(Euclidean Geometry) 两千三百年前, ...

  9. 适合自己的vim配置文件

    主要用来写c++的:clang-completer这个是单独安装的,其他的都采用的vundle安装完成. clang-completer:只在centos7.2上安装成功过,6.4上失败了.先要安装一 ...

  10. free() 是如何释放不同内存区块大小的指针?

    最初是在知乎上看到这个问题的C++ delete[] 是如何知道数组大小的?,我也挺好奇,所以就作了一番工作. 申请内存时,指针所指向区块的大小这一信息,其实就记录在该指针的周围看下面这段代码: #i ...