LeetCode Algorithm 133_Clone Graph
Clone an undirected graph. Each node in the graph contains a label and a list of its neighbors.
Nodes are labeled uniquely.
We use # as a separator for each node, and , as a separator for node label and each neighbor of the node.
As an example, consider the serialized graph {0,1,2#1,2#2,2}.
The graph has a total of three nodes, and therefore contains three parts as separated by #.
- First node is labeled as
0. Connect node0to both nodes1and2. - Second node is labeled as
1. Connect node1to node2. - Third node is labeled as
2. Connect node2to node2(itself), thus forming a self-cycle.
Visually, the graph looks like the following:
1
/ \
/ \
0 --- 2
/ \
\_/ Tags:
分析:
首先,这道题目不能直接返回node,因为需要克隆,也就意味着要为所有的节点心分配空间。
其次,分析节点的元素,包括label和neighbors两项,这意味着完成一个节点需要克隆一个int和一个vector<UndirectedGraphNode *>。
我们根据参数中的node提取出其label值,然后用构造方法生成一个节点,这样就完成了一个节点的生成。然后,根据参数中的node提取
其neighbors中的元素,我们只需要把这些元素加入刚生成的节点中,便完成了第一个节点的克隆。
再次,neighbor元素怎么生成呢?同样需要克隆。这样我们就可以总结出递归的思路。
最后,由于克隆要求每个节点只能有一个备份(其实也只能做到一个备份),所以,对于已经有开辟空间的节点,我们只需要返回已经
存在的节点即可。那怎么做到不重复呢?HashMap!只要我们为每个节点开辟一个空间的时候把这个空间指针保存在HashMap中,便可以
通过查找HashMap来确定当前要克隆的节点是否已经存在,不存在再新开辟空间。
c++代码:
/**
* Definition for undirected graph.
* struct UndirectedGraphNode {
* int label;
* vector<UndirectedGraphNode *> neighbors;
* UndirectedGraphNode(int x) : label(x) {};
* };
*/ class Solution {
public:
UndirectedGraphNode *cloneGraph(UndirectedGraphNode *node) {
//labeled uniquely so label can be used as the key of map
map<int, UndirectedGraphNode *> hashTable;
return clone(node, hashTable);
}
UndirectedGraphNode * clone(UndirectedGraphNode *node, map<int, UndirectedGraphNode *> & hashTable){
if(node == NULL){
return NULL;
}
//表明这个节点已经创建了,所以没有必要重复创建,只要把已经创建的节点返回即可
if(hashTable.find(node->label) != hashTable.end()){
return hashTable[node->label];
}
//如果没有创建参数中节点,则创建,并添加到hashtable中
UndirectedGraphNode * result = new UndirectedGraphNode(node->label);
hashTable[node->label] = result;
//clone所有的邻节点,并添加到刚clone好的节点的第二个元素vector中
for(int i=; i<node->neighbors.size();i++){
UndirectedGraphNode * newnode = clone(node->neighbors[i], hashTable);
result->neighbors.push_back(newnode);
}
return result;
}
};
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