这里使用keepalived实现mysql的双主热备高可用

实验环境：

主机名

IP

系统版本

软件版本

master

192.168.199.6/vip:192.168.199.111

Rhel7.4

Mysql8.0.17+Keepalived v1.3.5

openStack

192.168.199.7/vip:192.168.199.111

Rhel7.4

Mysql8.0.17+Keepalived v1.3.5

一、MySQL主主同步部署：

master上操作

[root@master ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

server-id=1

gtid-mode=on

enforce-gtid-consistency=on

log-slave-updates=on

log_bin = binlog

[root@master ~]# systemctl start mysqld

[root@master ~]# mysql -uroot -p密码

mysql> create user 'repl'@'192.168.199.%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'kavl7kAkkle!';

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.199.%';

mysql> flush privileges;

Openstack上操作：

[root@openstack ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

server-id=1

gtid-mode=on

enforce-gtid-consistency=on

log-slave-updates=on

log_bin = binlog

[root@master ~]# systemctl start mysqld

[root@master ~]# mysql -uroot -p密码

mysql> create user 'repl'@'192.168.199.%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'kavl7kAkkle!';

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.199.%';

mysql> flush privileges;

Master上操作：

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.199.7',master_user='repl',master_password='kavl7kAkkle!';     指定主库IP，使用的用户，密码
mysql> start slave;

mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.199.7

Master_User: repl

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: binlog.000002

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 697

Relay_Log_File: master-relay-bin.000008

Relay_Log_Pos: 647

Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000002

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Openstack上操作：

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.199.6',master_user='repl',master_password='kavl7kAkkle!';     指定主库IP，使用的用户，密码
mysql> start slave;

mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.199.6

Master_User: repl

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: binlog.000003

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 692

Relay_Log_File: openstack-relay-bin.000008

Relay_Log_Pos: 570

Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000003

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

二、配置mysql+keepalived高可用环境

Master上操作：

[root@master ~]# yum -y install keepalived

[root@master ~]# more /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

router_id MASTER-HA

}

vrrp_script check_mysql_port {

script "/etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh"

interval 2

weight -5

fall 2

rise 1

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER

interface ens32

virtual_router_id 51

priority 101

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.199.111

}

track_script {

check_mysql_port

}

}

Openstack上操作：

[root@openstack ~]# yum -y install keepalived

[root@openstack ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

router_id MASTER-HA

}

vrrp_script check_mysql_port {

script "/etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh"

interval 2

weight -5

fall 2

rise 1

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface ens33

virtual_router_id 51

priority 10

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.199.111

}

track_script {

check_mysql_port

}

}

切换脚本，keepalived做心跳检测，如果mysql服务挂了，就会停掉进程，此时从的keepalived做心跳检测会发现这个情况，VIP就会切换到从上。

[root@openstack ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh

#!/bin/bash

counter=$(netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "3306"|wc -l)

if [ "${counter}" -eq 0 ]; then

systemctl stop keepalived.service

fi

启动keepalived。

[root@master ~]# systemctl startkeepalived.service

[root@openstack ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service

三、创建应用账号：

[root@master ~]# mysql -uroot -pkavl7kAkkle!

mysql> create database hke;

mysql> create user 'yingyong'@'192.168.199.%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'kavl7kAkkle!';

mysql> grant all on hke.* to 'yingyong'@'192.168.199.%';

四、Mysql＋keepalived故障转移的高可用测试：

通过mysql客户端通过VIP连接，查看是否能够连接成功。

[root@winter ~]# mysql -uyingyong -pkavl7kAkkle! -h 192.168.199.111

mysql> select @@hostname;

+------------+

| @@hostname |

+------------+

| master     |

+------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| hke                |

| information_schema |

+--------------------+

2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from hke.hke_user;

+----+---------+

| id | name    |

+----+---------+

|  1 | thunder |

|  2 | winter  |

|  3 | qq      |

+----+---------+

3 rows in set (0.04 sec)

默认情况下VIP是在master上的

[root@master ~]# ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: ens32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:7d:60:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.199.6/24 brd 192.168.199.255 scope global ens32

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet 192.168.199.111/32 scope global ens32

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::97dd:b327:4a4e:afdb/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

停掉主的数据库：

mysql服务停了，keepalived也会停，从而vip资源将会切换到master2机器上。

[root@master ~]# systemctl stop mysqld

[root@master ~]# netstat -tlunp|grep mysqld

[root@master ~]# ps -ef|grep keepalived

root      80720  62500  0 21:43 pts/3    00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived

在master上查看地址，此时已经没有VIP了。

[root@master ~]# ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: ens32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:7d:60:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.199.6/24 brd 192.168.199.255 scope global ens32

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::97dd:b327:4a4e:afdb/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

在openstack查看网卡地址：

[root@openstack ~]# ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:73:f6:6b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.199.7/24 brd 192.168.199.255 scope global ens33

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet 192.168.199.111/32 scope global ens33

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::b4bd:5e9f:2805:dfe/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

在mysql客户端通过VIP连接，查看连接信息：

[root@winter ~]# mysql -uyingyong -pkavl7kAkkle! -h 192.168.199.111

mysql> select @@hostname;   此时连接的是从

+------------+

| @@hostname |

+------------+

| openstack  |

+------------+

1 row in set (0.01 sec)

再次启动主上的mysql和keepalived

[root@master ~]# systemctl start mysqld

[root@master ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service

[root@master ~]# ps -ef|grep mysqld|grep -v 'grep'

mysql     80918      1 15 21:57 ?        00:00:17 /usr/sbin/mysqld

[root@master ~]# ps -ef|grep keepalived |grep -v 'grep';

root      80990      1  0 21:58 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

root      80991  80990  0 21:58 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

root      80992  80990  0 21:58 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

查看master上的网卡：

[root@master ~]# ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: ens32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:7d:60:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.199.6/24 brd 192.168.199.255 scope global ens32

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet 192.168.199.111/32 scope global ens32

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::97dd:b327:4a4e:afdb/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

VIP已经漂移过来了。

再在从上查看此时已经没有VIP了。

[root@openstack ~]# ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:73:f6:6b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.199.7/24 brd 192.168.199.255 scope global ens33

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::b4bd:5e9f:2805:dfe/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

在mysql客户端通过VIP连接，查看连接信息：

[root@winter ~]# mysql -uyingyong -pkavl7kAkkle! -h 192.168.199.111

mysql> select @@hostname;  此时连接的主

+------------+

| @@hostname |

+------------+

| master     |

+------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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