docker详细

镜像（image）

容器(container) 启动，删除，停止

仓库(repository)

 

docker images

 

docker images -a 列出全部

docker images -q 只显示镜像id

 

docker search 搜索镜像

搜索收藏大于3000的...   docker search mysql -f=STARS=3000

docker pull 下载镜像

 如果不写tag默认就是latest，下载是分层下载

 

删除镜像 docker rmi  镜像

新建容器并启动：

docker run  

参数:

--name="name" 容器名称 tomcat1 tomcat2 区分容器

-d 后台方式运行

-it 使用交互方式运行，进入容器内部查看内容

-p 指定容器端口 -p 8080:8080

    -p ip:主机端口:容器端口

    -p 主机端口:容器端口 

    -p 容器端口

    -p (不指定端口就随机端口了啊)

 

比如这个就是启动并且进入容器内部

docker run -it centos /bin/bash

退出容器:exit(退出就停止了)

xtel+P+Q 不停止退出

 

查看正在运行的容器docker ps

 

docker ps -a -n=1 列出正在运行的容器+历史运行过容器

-n 最近创建的容器

docker ps -aq  {-q}显示容器编号

 

 

删除容器:

docker rm 容器id 删除指定容器正在运行则删除失败

docker rm -f  删除所有容器

docker ps -a -q |xargs docker rm 删除所有容器

 

启动和停止的容器操作

docker start 容器id

docker restart 容器id

docker stop 容器id

docker kill 容器id

 

后台启动容器后-d

发现容器停止了，容器后台启动必须有后台进程，发现没有后台进程会自动停止

 

编写shell脚本输出日志

docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo kuang;sleep 1;done"

查看日志 docker logs -tf --tail 10 d1c5d0984801

 

备注：

-tf 显示日志

--tail  【number】 显示日志条数 

 

显示容器进程信息

docker top 容器id

 

查看镜像元数据

 

docker inspect d1c5d0984801

[

    {

        "Id": "d1c5d0984801509d224689cecae9209e05b7db39f409abf92697c93243f15c30",

        "Created": "2020-12-26T06:55:51.1766263Z",

        "Path": "/bin/sh",

        "Args": [

            "-c",

            "while true;do echo kuang;sleep 1;done"

        ],

        "State": {

            "Status": "running",

            "Running": true,

            "Paused": false,

            "Restarting": false,

            "OOMKilled": false,

            "Dead": false,

            "Pid": 1940,

            "ExitCode": 0,

            "Error": "",

            "StartedAt": "2020-12-26T06:55:51.4081217Z",

            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"

        },

        "Image": "sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55",

        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/d1c5d0984801509d224689cecae9209e05b7db39f409abf92697c93243f15c30/resolv.conf",

        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/d1c5d0984801509d224689cecae9209e05b7db39f409abf92697c93243f15c30/hostname",

        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/d1c5d0984801509d224689cecae9209e05b7db39f409abf92697c93243f15c30/hosts",

        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/d1c5d0984801509d224689cecae9209e05b7db39f409abf92697c93243f15c30/d1c5d0984801509d224689cecae9209e05b7db39f409abf92697c93243f15c30-json.log",

        "Name": "/epic_borg",

        "RestartCount": 0,

        "Driver": "overlay2",

        "Platform": "linux",

        "MountLabel": "",

        "ProcessLabel": "",

        "AppArmorProfile": "",

        "ExecIDs": null,

        "HostConfig": {

            "Binds": null,

            "ContainerIDFile": "",

            "LogConfig": {

                "Type": "json-file",

                "Config": {}

            },

            "NetworkMode": "default",

            "PortBindings": {},

            "RestartPolicy": {

                "Name": "no",

                "MaximumRetryCount": 0

            },

            "AutoRemove": false,

            "VolumeDriver": "",

            "VolumesFrom": null,

            "CapAdd": null,

            "CapDrop": null,

            "Capabilities": null,

            "Dns": [],

            "DnsOptions": [],

            "DnsSearch": [],

            "ExtraHosts": null,

            "GroupAdd": null,

            "IpcMode": "private",

            "Cgroup": "",

            "Links": null,

            "OomScoreAdj": 0,

            "PidMode": "",

            "Privileged": false,

            "PublishAllPorts": false,

            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,

            "SecurityOpt": null,

            "UTSMode": "",

            "UsernsMode": "",

            "ShmSize": 67108864,

            "Runtime": "runc",

            "ConsoleSize": [

                30,

                120

            ],

            "Isolation": "",

            "CpuShares": 0,

            "Memory": 0,

            "NanoCpus": 0,

            "CgroupParent": "",

            "BlkioWeight": 0,

            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],

            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,

            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,

            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,

            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,

            "CpuPeriod": 0,

            "CpuQuota": 0,

            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,

            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,

            "CpusetCpus": "",

            "CpusetMems": "",

            "Devices": [],

            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,

            "DeviceRequests": null,

            "KernelMemory": 0,

            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,

            "MemoryReservation": 0,

            "MemorySwap": 0,

            "MemorySwappiness": null,

            "OomKillDisable": false,

            "PidsLimit": null,

            "Ulimits": null,

            "CpuCount": 0,

            "CpuPercent": 0,

            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,

            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,

            "MaskedPaths": [

                "/proc/asound",

                "/proc/acpi",

                "/proc/kcore",

                "/proc/keys",

                "/proc/latency_stats",

                "/proc/timer_list",

                "/proc/timer_stats",

                "/proc/sched_debug",

                "/proc/scsi",

                "/sys/firmware"

            ],

            "ReadonlyPaths": [

                "/proc/bus",

                "/proc/fs",

                "/proc/irq",

                "/proc/sys",

                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"

            ]

        },

        "GraphDriver": {

            "Data": {

                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c97e321fc77c00debc8f56a525efb4c3f0dd462908106dfef38c4dcfd4018857-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e28f2d567373fa7779b1e240041f792393c4e060812a74bc76582eb31262fe17/diff",

                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c97e321fc77c00debc8f56a525efb4c3f0dd462908106dfef38c4dcfd4018857/merged",

                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c97e321fc77c00debc8f56a525efb4c3f0dd462908106dfef38c4dcfd4018857/diff",

                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c97e321fc77c00debc8f56a525efb4c3f0dd462908106dfef38c4dcfd4018857/work"

            },

            "Name": "overlay2"

        },

        "Mounts": [],

        "Config": {

            "Hostname": "d1c5d0984801",

            "Domainname": "",

            "User": "",

            "AttachStdin": false,

            "AttachStdout": false,

            "AttachStderr": false,

            "Tty": false,

            "OpenStdin": false,

            "StdinOnce": false,

            "Env": [

                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"

            ],

            "Cmd": [

                "/bin/sh",

                "-c",

                "while true;do echo kuang;sleep 1;done"

            ],

            "Image": "centos",

            "Volumes": null,

            "WorkingDir": "",

            "Entrypoint": null,

            "OnBuild": null,

            "Labels": {

                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20201204",

                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",

                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",

                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",

                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"

            }

        },

        "NetworkSettings": {

            "Bridge": "",

            "SandboxID": "72c9fd18a54275d1be0acb121edb1503ae3f67e2778ae1f2ae29ed30ad008ab3",

            "HairpinMode": false,

            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",

            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,

            "Ports": {},

            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/72c9fd18a542",

            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,

            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,

            "EndpointID": "da881795328917da6fb33e3c05ae3cabe69bb7ca4ee1321275dd0f46adc98a8b",

            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",

            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",

            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,

            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",

            "IPPrefixLen": 16,

            "IPv6Gateway": "",

            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",

            "Networks": {

                "bridge": {

                    "IPAMConfig": null,

                    "Links": null,

                    "Aliases": null,

                    "NetworkID": "146f4611158b176bf6440c672c34d3ab9effa03e79cc745ecbeaf89a01490bc4",

                    "EndpointID": "da881795328917da6fb33e3c05ae3cabe69bb7ca4ee1321275dd0f46adc98a8b",

                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",

                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",

                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,

                    "IPv6Gateway": "",

                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",

                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,

                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",

                    "DriverOpts": null

                }

            }

        }

    }

]

 

进入容器的两种方式：

docker attach 容器id  进入正在执行的容器，不会启动新终端。

docker exec 进入容器后开启一个新的终端.

 

从容器内拷贝文件到主机上 

docker cp 容器id 容器内路径 目的主机路径

数据从容器内部拷出到win10： docker cp bc81713669cf:/var/log F:/docker_data/lib

 

数据将从win10 拷进 docker

docker cp F:/docker_data/newdata bc81713669cf:/home

 

小总结：

attach:当前shell下attach连接指定运行镜像

build:通过dockerfile定制镜像

commit:提交当前容器作为新的镜像

cp:从容器中拷贝指定文件或目录到宿主机器中

create:创建一个新容纳国企但不启动容器

diff:查看docker容器变化

events：从docker服务获取容器实时事件

exec:进入已存在的容器，不启动新窗口

export:导出容器的内容流作为一个tar归档文件[对应imoprt]

history：展示一个镜像形成历史

images:列出系统当前镜像

import:从tar包中的内容创建一个新的文件系统

info:展示系统相关信息

inspect:查看容器详细信息

kill：杀死指定kill容器

load:从一个tar包中加载一个镜像

login:登录docker服务账号

logs:输出日志信息

logout:退出

port:查看映射端口对应的容器内部源端

pause:暂停容器

ps:列出容器列表

pull:从源拉取指定镜像

push:推送指定镜像

restart:从其运行的容器

rm：移除容器

rmi：移除镜像

run :创建一个新容器并启动

save:保存镜像

search:搜索镜像

start:启动镜像

stop:停止镜像

tag:给镜像打标签

top:查看镜像进程

unpause:取消暂停镜像

version:看版本

wait：截取容器停止时的退出状态值