java8中用流收集数据

用流收集数据

汇总

long howManyDishes = menu.stream().collect(Collectors.counting());

int totalCalories = menu.stream().collect(summingInt(Dish::getCalories));
//求平均值
double avgCalories = menu.stream().collect(averagingInt(Dish::getCalories));
//summarizing操作可以得到总和.平均值.最大值.最小值
IntSummaryStatistics menuStatistics = menu.stream().collect(summarizingInt(Dish::getCalories));
//打印可得
IntSummaryStatistics{count= 9,sum=4300,min=120,average=477.777,max = 800};

查找最大值和最小值

Comparator<Dish> dishCaloriesComparator = Comparator.comparingInt(Dish::getCalories);
Optional<Dish> mostCalorieDish = menu.stream().collect(maxBy(dishCaloriesComparator));

连接字符串

//joining在内部使用了StringBuilder来把生成的字符串逐个追加起来
String shortMenu = menu.stream().map(Dish::getName).collect(joning());
//用逗号分隔
String shortMenu2 = menu.stream().map(Dish::getName).collect(joning(","));

广义的归约汇总

int totalCalories = menu.stream().collect(reducing(0,Dish::getCalories,(i,j)->j+i));

reducing需要说那个参数:

1.起始值

2.被操作的值

3.是一个BinaryOperator,将两个项目累计成一个同类型的值

同理,可以求最高热量的菜

Optional<Dish> mostCalorieDish = menu.stream().collect(reducing(d1,d2)->d1.getCalories()>d2.getCalories()?d1:d2));

分组

Map<Dish.Type,List<Dish> dishesByType = menu.stream().collect(groupingBy(Dish::getType));

复杂的分组

public enum CaloricLevel{DIET,NORMAL,FAT}

Map<CaloricLevel,List<Dish>> dishesByCaloricLevel = menu.stream().collect(
	groupingBy(dish ->{
      	if(dish.getCalories()<=400) return CaloricLevel.DIET;
      	else if(dish.getCalories() <= 700) return CaloricLevel.NORMAL:
      	else return  CaloricLevel.FAT;
	})
);

按子组收集数据

Map<Dish.Type,Long> typesCount = menu.stream().collect(
	groupingBy(Dish::getType,counting()));

1.查找每个子组中热量最高的Dish

Map<Dish.Type,Dish> mostCaloricByType = menu.stream().collect(groupingBy(Dish::getType,collectingAndThen(
	maxBy(comparingInt(Dish::getCalories)),Optional::get)));

2.对每组进行求和

Map<Dish.Type,Integer> totalCaloriesByType = menu.stream().collect(groupingBy(Dish::getType,summingInt(Dish::getCalories)));

3.groupingBy和mapping收集器结合起来

Map<Dish.Type,Set<CaloricLevel>> caloricLevelsByType = menu.stream().collect(
	groupingBy(Dish::getType,mapping(
		dish -> {
          	if(dish.getCalories()<=400) return CaloricLevel.DIET;
          	else if (dish.getCalories <= 700) return CaloricLevel.NORMAL;
          	else return CaloricLevel.FAT,toSet()
		}
	))
);

分区:

Map<Boolean , List<Dish>> partitionedMenu = menu.stream().collect(partitioningBy(Dish::isVegetarian));

partitioningBy工厂方法有一个重载版本,可以传递第二收集器

Map<Boolean,Map<Dish.Type,List<Dish>>> vegetarianDishesByType = menu.stream().collect(
	partitioningBy(Dish::isVegetarian,groupingBy(Dish::getType)));

还可以重用前面的代码来找到素食和非素食中热量最高的菜:

Map<Boolean, Dish> mostVegetarian = menu.stream().collect(
	menu.stream().collect(
    	partitioningBy(Dish::isVegetarian,
                      collectingAndThe(
                      		maxBy(comparingInt(Dish::getCalories)),
                      		Optional::get))));

将数字按质数和非质数分区

public boolean isPrime(int candidate){
  	return IntStream.range(2,candidate)//产生一个自然数范围,从2开始,直至但不包括待测数
      			.noneMatch(i -> candidate % i ==0);//如果待测数字不能被流中任何数字整除则返回true
}

//一个简单的优化是仅测试小于等于待测数平方根因子
public boolean isPrime(int candidate) {
  int candidateRoot = (int) Math.sqrt(candidate);
  return IntStream.rangeClosed(2, candidate).noneMatch(i -> candidate % i == 0);
}

public Map<Boolean, List<Integer>> partitionPrimes(int n) {
  return IntStream.rangeClosed(2, n).boxed().collect(partitioningBy(candidate -> 				isPrime(candidate)));
}

Collectors类的静态工厂方法

工厂方法	返回类型	用于
toList	List< T >	把流中所有项目收集到一个List
		List< Dish > dishes = menuStream.collect(toList());
toSset	Set< T >	把流中所有项目收集到一个Set,删除重复项
		Set< Dish > dishes = menuStream.collect(toSet());
toCollection	Collection< T >	把流中所有项目收集到给定的供应源创建的集合
		Collection< Dish > dishes = menuStream.collect(toCollection(),ArrayList::new);
counting	Long	计算流中元素的个数
		long howManyDishes = menuStream.collect(counting());
summingInt	Integer	对流中项目的一个整数属性求和
		int totalCalories = menuStream.collect(summingInt(Dish::getCalories));
averagingInt	Double	计算流中项目Integer属性的平均值
		double avgCalories = menuStream.collect(averagingInt(Dish::getCalories));
summarizingInt	IntSummaryStatistics	收集关于流中项目Integer属性的统计值,例如最大,最小,总和与平均值
		IntSummaryStatistics menuStaticstics = menuStream.collect(summarizingInt(Dish::getCalories));
joining	String	连接对流中每个项目调用toString方法生成的字符串
		String shortMenu = menuStream.map(Dish::getName).collect(joining(", "));
maxBy	Optional< T >	选出最大元素的Optional
		Optional< Dish > fattest = menuStream.collect(maxBy(comparingInt(Dish::getCalories)));
minBy	Optional< T >	最小元素
		Optional< Dish > fattest = menuStream.collect(minBy(comparingInt(Dish::getCalories)));
reducing	归约操作产生的类型	利用BinaryOperator与流中的元素逐个结合,从而将流归约为单个值
		int totalCalories = menuStream.collect(reducing(0,Dish::getCalories,Integer::sum));
collectingAndThen	转换函数返回的类型	包裹另一个收集器,对其结果应用转换函数
		int howManyDishes = menuStream.collect(collectingAndThe(toList(),List::size));
groupingBy	Map< K ,List< T > >	根据项目的一个属性的值对流中的项目作问组,并将属性值作为结果Map的键
		Map< Dish.Type,List< Dish>> dishesByType = menuStream.collect(groupingBy(Dish::getType));
partitioningBy	Map< Boolean,List< T>>	分区
		Map< Boolean, List< t>> vegetarianDishes = menuStream.collect(partitioningBy(Dish::isVegetarian));