Docker 安装HDFS

网上拉取Docker模板，使用singlarities/hadoop镜像

[root@localhost /]# docker pull singularities/hadoop

查看：

[root@localhost /]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/singularities/hadoop   latest              e213c9ae1b36        3 months ago        1.19 GB

创建docker-compose.yml文件，内容：

version: "2"

services:
  namenode:
    image: singularities/hadoop
    command: start-hadoop namenode
    hostname: namenode
    environment:
      HDFS_USER: hdfsuser
    ports:
      - "8020:8020"
      - "14000:14000"
      - "50070:50070"
      - "50075:50075"
      - "10020:10020"
      - "13562:13562"
      - "19888:19888"
  datanode:
    image: singularities/hadoop
    command: start-hadoop datanode namenode
    environment:
      HDFS_USER: hdfsuser
    links:
      - namenode

执行：

[root@localhost hadoop]# docker-compose up -d
Creating network "hadoop_default" with the default driver
Creating hadoop_namenode_1 ... done
Creating hadoop_datanode_1 ... done

4个datanode:

[root@localhost hadoop]# docker-compose scale datanode=3
WARNING: The scale command is deprecated. Use the up command with the --scale flag instead.
Starting hadoop_datanode_1 ... done
Creating hadoop_datanode_2 ... done
Creating hadoop_datanode_3 ... done
[root@localhost hadoop]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                  COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 NAMES
19f9685e286f        singularities/hadoop   "start-hadoop data..."   48 seconds ago      Up 46 seconds       8020/tcp, 9000/tcp, 10020/tcp, 13562/tcp, 14000/tcp, 19888/tcp, 50010/tcp, 50020/tcp, 50070/tcp, 50075/tcp, 50090/tcp, 50470/tcp, 50475/tcp                                                                                                           hadoop_datanode_3
e96b395f56e3        singularities/hadoop   "start-hadoop data..."   48 seconds ago      Up 46 seconds       8020/tcp, 9000/tcp, 10020/tcp, 13562/tcp, 14000/tcp, 19888/tcp, 50010/tcp, 50020/tcp, 50070/tcp, 50075/tcp, 50090/tcp, 50470/tcp, 50475/tcp                                                                                                           hadoop_datanode_2
5a26b1069dbb        singularities/hadoop   "start-hadoop data..."   8 minutes ago       Up 8 minutes        8020/tcp, 9000/tcp, 10020/tcp, 13562/tcp, 14000/tcp, 19888/tcp, 50010/tcp, 50020/tcp, 50070/tcp, 50075/tcp, 50090/tcp, 50470/tcp, 50475/tcp                                                                                                           hadoop_datanode_1
a8656de09ecc        singularities/hadoop   "start-hadoop name..."   8 minutes ago       Up 8 minutes        0.0.0.0:8020->8020/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10020->10020/tcp, 0.0.0.0:13562->13562/tcp, 0.0.0.0:14000->14000/tcp, 9000/tcp, 50010/tcp, 0.0.0.0:19888->19888/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50070->50070/tcp, 50020/tcp, 50090/tcp, 50470/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50075->50075/tcp, 50475/tcp   hadoop_namenode_1
[root@localhost hadoop]# 

效果图；

hdfs基础命令：

1、创建目录

hadoop fs -mkdir /hdfs #在根目录下创建hdfs文件夹

2、查看目录

>hadoop fs -ls / #列出跟目录下的文件列表
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2016-03-05 00:06 /hdfs

3、级联创建目录

>hadoop fs -mkdir -p /hdfs/d1/d2

4、级联列出目录

>hadoop fs -ls -R /
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2016-03-05 00:10 /hdfs
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2016-03-05 00:10 /hdfs/d1
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2016-03-05 00:10 /hdfs/d1/d2

5、上传本地文件到HDFS

>echo "hello hdfs" >>local.txt
>hadoop fs -put local.txt /hdfs/d1/d2

6、查看HDFS中文件的内容

>hadoop fs -cat /hdfs/d1/d2/local.txt
hello hdfs

7、下载hdfs上文件的内容

>hadoop fs -get /hdfs/d1/d2/local.txt

8、删除hdfs文件

>hadoop fs -rm /hdfs/d1/d2/local.txt
Deleted /hdfs/d1/d2/local.txt

9、删除hdfs中目录

>hadoop fs -rmdir /hdfs/d1/d2

10、修改文件的权限

>hadoop fs -ls /hdfs
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2016-03-05 00:21 /hdfs/d1 #注意文件的权限
>hadoop fs -chmod 777 /hdfs/d1
drwxrwxrwx   - root supergroup          0 2016-03-05 00:21 /hdfs/d1 #修改后

11、修改文件所属的用户

>hadoop fs -chown admin /hdfs/d1 #修改文件所属用户为admin
>hadoop fs -ls /hdfs
drwxrwxrwx   - admin supergroup          0 2016-03-05 00:21 /hdfs/d1

12、修改文件的用户组

>hadoop fs -chgrp admin /hdfs/d1
>hadoop fs -ls /hdfs
drwxrwxrwx   - admin admin          0 2016-03-05 00:21 /hdfs/d1

查看所有命令方式：


root@master:/# hadoop fs
Usage: hadoop fs [generic options]
    [-appendToFile <localsrc> ... <dst>]
    [-cat [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]
    [-checksum <src> ...]
    [-chgrp [-R] GROUP PATH...]
    [-chmod [-R] <MODE[,MODE]... | OCTALMODE> PATH...]
    [-chown [-R] [OWNER][:[GROUP]] PATH...]
    [-copyFromLocal [-f] [-p] [-l] [-d] <localsrc> ... <dst>]
    [-copyToLocal [-f] [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>]
    [-count [-q] [-h] [-v] [-t [<storage type>]] [-u] [-x] <path> ...]
    [-cp [-f] [-p | -p[topax]] [-d] <src> ... <dst>]
    [-createSnapshot <snapshotDir> [<snapshotName>]]
    [-deleteSnapshot <snapshotDir> <snapshotName>]
    [-df [-h] [<path> ...]]
    [-du [-s] [-h] [-x] <path> ...]
    [-expunge]
    [-find <path> ... <expression> ...]
    [-get [-f] [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>]
    [-getfacl [-R] <path>]
    [-getfattr [-R] {-n name | -d} [-e en] <path>]
    [-getmerge [-nl] [-skip-empty-file] <src> <localdst>]
    [-help [cmd ...]]
    [-ls [-C] [-d] [-h] [-q] [-R] [-t] [-S] [-r] [-u] [<path> ...]]
    [-mkdir [-p] <path> ...]
    [-moveFromLocal <localsrc> ... <dst>]
    [-moveToLocal <src> <localdst>]
    [-mv <src> ... <dst>]
    [-put [-f] [-p] [-l] [-d] <localsrc> ... <dst>]
    [-renameSnapshot <snapshotDir> <oldName> <newName>]
    [-rm [-f] [-r|-R] [-skipTrash] [-safely] <src> ...]
    [-rmdir [--ignore-fail-on-non-empty] <dir> ...]
    [-setfacl [-R] [{-b|-k} {-m|-x <acl_spec>} <path>]|[--set <acl_spec> <path>]]
    [-setfattr {-n name [-v value] | -x name} <path>]
    [-setrep [-R] [-w] <rep> <path> ...]
    [-stat [format] <path> ...]
    [-tail [-f] <file>]
    [-test -[defsz] <path>]
    [-text [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]
    [-touchz <path> ...]
    [-truncate [-w] <length> <path> ...]
    [-usage [cmd ...]]

Generic options supported are
-conf <configuration file>     specify an application configuration file
-D <property=value>            use value for given property
-fs <file:///|hdfs://namenode:port> specify default filesystem URL to use, overrides 'fs.defaultFS' property from configurations.
-jt <local|resourcemanager:port>    specify a ResourceManager
-files <comma separated list of files>    specify comma separated files to be copied to the map reduce cluster
-libjars <comma separated list of jars>    specify comma separated jar files to include in the classpath.
-archives <comma separated list of archives>    specify comma separated archives to be unarchived on the compute machines.

The general command line syntax is
command [genericOptions] [commandOptions]

进入一个容器内部进行上述操作，再进入其他的容器，可以发现数据同步了，另外一个节点的操作其他节点也可以看见。

进入容器方法:

1. sudo docker ps   查看容器
2. sudo docker attach 容器id
3. 或者  sudo docker exec -it 775c7c9ee1e1 /bin/bash

1、从容器里面拷文件到宿主机？

答：在宿主机里面执行以下命令

docker cp 容器名：要拷贝的文件在容器里面的路径       要拷贝到宿主机的相应路径

示例： 假设容器名为testtomcat,要从容器里面拷贝的文件路为：/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/js/test.js,  现在要将test.js从容器里面拷到宿主机的/opt路径下面，那么命令应该怎么写呢？

答案：在宿主机上面执行命令

docker cp testtomcat：/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/js/test.js /opt

2、从宿主机拷文件到容器里面

答：在宿主机里面执行如下命令

docker cp 要拷贝的文件路径 容器名：要拷贝到容器里面对应的路径

示例：假设容器名为testtomcat,现在要将宿主机/opt/test.js文件拷贝到容器里面的/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/js路径下面，那么命令该怎么写呢？

答案：在宿主机上面执行如下命令

docker cp /opt/test.js testtomcat：/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/js

3、在这里在记录一个问题，怎么看容器名称？

执行命令：docker ps，出现如图所示，其中NAMES就是容器名了。

4.需要注意的是，不管容器有没有启动，拷贝命令都会生效。

参考: https://www.cnblogs.com/areyouready/p/8973495.html

作者：hongda

出处：https://www.cnblogs.com/hongdada/p/9488349.html

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