linux安装nvm和nodejs
下载nvm包：
[root@centos ~]# wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.11/install.sh | bash
=> Downloading nvm as script to '/root/.nvm' => Appending nvm source string to /root/.bashrc
=> Appending bash_completion source string to /root/.bashrc
=> Close and reopen your terminal to start using nvm or run the following to use it now: export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" # This loads nvm bash_completion
上面提示相关的环境变量已经在配置文件/root/.bashrc中给我们自动添加好了，需要重新进入ssh。
按它说的，重新进入ssh后，开始安装nodejs和npm：
[root@centos ~]# nvm ls-remote --lts
v4.2.0 (LTS: Argon)
v4.2.1 (LTS: Argon)
v4.2.2 (LTS: Argon)
v4.2.3 (LTS: Argon)
v4.2.4 (LTS: Argon)
v4.2.5 (LTS: Argon)
v4.2.6 (LTS: Argon)
v4.3.0 (LTS: Argon)
v4.3.1 (LTS: Argon)
v4.3.2 (LTS: Argon)
v4.4.0 (LTS: Argon)
v4.4.1 (LTS: Argon)
v4.4.2 (LTS: Argon)
v4.4.3 (LTS: Argon)
v4.4.4 (LTS: Argon)
v4.4.5 (LTS: Argon)
v4.4.6 (LTS: Argon)
v4.4.7 (LTS: Argon)
v4.5.0 (LTS: Argon)
v4.6.0 (LTS: Argon)
v4.6.1 (LTS: Argon)
v4.6.2 (LTS: Argon)
v4.7.0 (LTS: Argon)
v4.7.1 (LTS: Argon)
v4.7.2 (LTS: Argon)
v4.7.3 (LTS: Argon)
v4.8.0 (LTS: Argon)
v4.8.1 (LTS: Argon)
v4.8.2 (LTS: Argon)
v4.8.3 (LTS: Argon)
v4.8.4 (LTS: Argon)
v4.8.5 (LTS: Argon)
v4.8.6 (LTS: Argon)
v4.8.7 (LTS: Argon)
v4.9.0 (LTS: Argon)
v4.9.1 (Latest LTS: Argon)
v6.9.0 (LTS: Boron)
v6.9.1 (LTS: Boron)
v6.9.2 (LTS: Boron)
v6.9.3 (LTS: Boron)
v6.9.4 (LTS: Boron)
v6.9.5 (LTS: Boron)
v6.10.0 (LTS: Boron)
v6.10.1 (LTS: Boron)
v6.10.2 (LTS: Boron)
v6.10.3 (LTS: Boron)
v6.11.0 (LTS: Boron)
v6.11.1 (LTS: Boron)
v6.11.2 (LTS: Boron)
v6.11.3 (LTS: Boron)
v6.11.4 (LTS: Boron)
v6.11.5 (LTS: Boron)
v6.12.0 (LTS: Boron)
v6.12.1 (LTS: Boron)
v6.12.2 (LTS: Boron)
v6.12.3 (LTS: Boron)
v6.13.0 (LTS: Boron)
v6.13.1 (LTS: Boron)
v6.14.0 (LTS: Boron)
v6.14.1 (LTS: Boron)
v6.14.2 (LTS: Boron)
v6.14.3 (LTS: Boron)
v6.14.4 (LTS: Boron)
v6.15.0 (LTS: Boron)
v6.15.1 (LTS: Boron)
v6.16.0 (LTS: Boron)
v6.17.0 (LTS: Boron)
v6.17.1 (Latest LTS: Boron)
v8.9.0 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.9.1 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.9.2 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.9.3 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.9.4 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.10.0 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.11.0 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.11.1 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.11.2 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.11.3 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.11.4 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.12.0 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.13.0 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.14.0 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.14.1 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.15.0 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.15.1 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.16.0 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.16.1 (LTS: Carbon)
v8.16.2 (Latest LTS: Carbon)
v10.13.0 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.14.0 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.14.1 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.14.2 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.15.0 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.15.1 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.15.2 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.15.3 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.16.0 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.16.1 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.16.2 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.16.3 (LTS: Dubnium)
v10.17.0 (Latest LTS: Dubnium)
v12.13.0 (Latest LTS: Erbium)
挑最新版12.13.0安装，失败了：
[root@centos ~]# nvm install 12.13.
Downloading and installing node v12.13.0...
Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v12.13.0/node-v12.13.0-linux-x86.tar.xz... curl: () The requested URL returned error: Not Found
Binary download from https://nodejs.org/dist/v12.13.0/node-v12.13.0-linux-x86.tar.xz failed, trying source.
grep: /root/.nvm/.cache/bin/node-v12.13.0-linux-x86/node-v12.13.0-linux-x86.tar.xz: No such file or directory
Provided file to checksum does not exist.
Binary download failed, trying source.
Detected that you have CPU core(s)
Number of CPU core(s) less than or equal to , running in single-threaded mode
Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v12.13.0/node-v12.13.0.tar.xz...
######################################################################## 100.0%
Computing checksum with sha256sum
Checksums matched!
$>./configure --prefix=/root/.nvm/versions/node/v12.13.0 <
which: no python2. in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)
Please use Python 2.7: /usr/bin/python2 ./configure --prefix=/root/.nvm/versions/node/v12.13.0
nvm: install v12.13.0 failed!
提示说没有python2.7，确认下（默认会装2.6.6版本）：
[root@centos ~]# yum list installed | grep python
abrt-addon-python.i686
abrt-python.i686 2.0.-.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
dbus-python.i686 0.83.-6.1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
libproxy-python.i686 0.3.-.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
libreport-python.i686 2.0.-.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
libxml2-python.i686 2.7.-.el6_8. @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
newt-python.i686 0.52.-.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
python.i686 2.6.-.el6_8 @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
python-argparse.noarch
python-babel.noarch 0.9.-5.1.el6 @os
python-backports.i686 1.0-.el6 @os
python-backports-ssl_match_hostname.noarch
python-chardet.noarch 2.2.-.el6 @os
python-cheetah.i686 2.4.-.el6 @os
python-configobj.noarch
python-crypto2..i686 2.6.-.el6 @os
python-dmidecode.i686 3.10.-.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
python-iniparse.noarch
python-jinja2.i686 2.2.-.el6 @os
python-jsonpatch.noarch
python-jsonpointer.noarch
python-libs.i686 2.6.-.el6_8 @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
python-markdown.noarch
python-oauthlib.noarch
python-prettytable.noarch
python-pycurl.i686 7.19.-.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
python-pygments.noarch
python-requests.noarch
python-setuptools.noarch
python-six.noarch 1.9.-.el6 @os
python-urlgrabber.noarch
python-urllib3.noarch 1.10.-.el6 @os
rpm-python.i686 4.8.-.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-.i386/6.9
把2.6.6升级到2.7（参见linux升级python到2.7版本）再试试：
[root@centos ~]# nvm install 12.13.
Downloading and installing node v12.13.0...
Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v12.13.0/node-v12.13.0-linux-x86.tar.xz... curl: () The requested URL returned error: Not Found
Binary download from https://nodejs.org/dist/v12.13.0/node-v12.13.0-linux-x86.tar.xz failed, trying source.
grep: /root/.nvm/.cache/bin/node-v12.13.0-linux-x86/node-v12.13.0-linux-x86.tar.xz: No such file or directory
Provided file to checksum does not exist.
Binary download failed, trying source.
Detected that you have CPU core(s)
Number of CPU core(s) less than or equal to , running in single-threaded mode
Local cache found: $NVM_DIR/.cache/src/node-v12.13.0/node-v12.13.0.tar.xz
Checksums match! Using existing downloaded archive $NVM_DIR/.cache/src/node-v12.13.0/node-v12.13.0.tar.xz
$>./configure --prefix=/root/.nvm/versions/node/v12.13.0 <
WARNING: failed to autodetect C++ compiler version (CXX=g++)
ERROR: Did not find a new enough assembler, install one or build with
--openssl-no-asm.
Please refer to BUILDING.md
nvm: install v12.13.0 failed!
还是失败了，换个低版本试试：
[root@centos /]# nvm install 8.16.
Downloading and installing node v8.16.2...
Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v8.16.2/node-v8.16.2-linux-x86.tar.xz...
########################################### 59.8%
######################################################################## 100.0%
Computing checksum with sha256sum
Checksums matched!
Now using node v8.16.2 (npm v6.4.1)
Creating default alias: default -> 8.16. (-> v8.16.2 *)
这次可以了：
[root@centos /]# node -v
v8.16.2
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