Spring+Spring MVC+Hibernate增查（使用注解）

使用Spring+Spring MVC+Hibernate做增删改查开发效率真的很高。使用Hibernate简化了JDBC连接数据库的的重复性代码。下面根据自己做的一个简单的增加和查询，把一些难点分析出来：

首先项目目录结构：（Hibernate持久化数据连接信息交给Spring进行管理；别忘了加入Hibernate和Spring相关的架包.jar）

第一步：弄个用户实体类（配置Users.hbm.xml映射文件）：

 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity;

 public class Users {

     private int id;//id
     private String username;//用户名
     private String password;//密码
     private String sex;//性别
     /**
      * @return the id
      */
     public int getId() {
         return id;
     }
     /**
      * @param id the id to set
      */
     public void setId(int id) {
         this.id = id;
     }
     /**
      * @return the username
      */
     public String getUsername() {
         return username;
     }
     /**
      * @param username the username to set
      */
     public void setUsername(String username) {
         this.username = username;
     }
     /**
      * @return the password
      */
     public String getPassword() {
         return password;
     }
     /**
      * @param password the password to set
      */
     public void setPassword(String password) {
         this.password = password;
     }
     /**
      * @return the sex
      */
     public String getSex() {
         return sex;
     }
     /**
      * @param sex the sex to set
      */
     public void setSex(String sex) {
         this.sex = sex;
     }

 }

 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
     "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

 <hibernate-mapping
     package="com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity">

     <class name="Users" table="t_users">
         <id name="id">
             <generator class="increment"/>
         </id>
         <property name="username" />
         <property name="password"/>
         <property name="sex"/>
     </class>

 </hibernate-mapping>

第二步：建个Dao层（公共类）

 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao;

 import java.util.List;

 /*
  * 公共类
  */
 public interface IBaseDao<T> {
     //保存对象
     public void save(T t);
     //删除对象
     public void delete(int id);
     //更新对象
     public void update(T t);
     //根据id查询对象
     public T getObjectByid(int id);
     //查询所有对象
     public List<T> getObjectALL();
     //根据一组id查询一组对象
     public List<T> getObjectByids(int ids);

 }

 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.Impl;

 import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
 import java.util.List;

 import javax.annotation.Resource;

 import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao;

 /*
  * 公共方法实现类
  */
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 @Transactional
 public class IBaseDaoImpl<T> implements IBaseDao<T>{

     //注入sessionfactory
     @Resource
     SessionFactory sessionFactory;
     Class clazz;

     //构造方法：获取T的真实类型
     public IBaseDaoImpl(){
         ParameterizedType pType=(ParameterizedType) this.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
         clazz=(Class) pType.getActualTypeArguments()[0];
     System.out.print(clazz.getSimpleName());

     }
     /*
      * 删除对象
      * (non-Javadoc)
      * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#delete(int)
      */
     public void delete(int id) {
         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
         sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().delete(
                 sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().get(clazz, id));
     }

     /*
      * 查询所有对象
      * (non-Javadoc)
      * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#getObjectALL()
      */

     public List<T> getObjectALL() {
 //        System.out.println("=====："+"from"+clazz.getSimpleName());
 //        System.out.println("=====："+"from    "+clazz.getSimpleName());
 //        System.out.println("--------------"+clazz.getSimpleName());
         return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from "+clazz.getSimpleName()).list();
     }
       /*
        * 根据id获取对象
        * (non-Javadoc)
        * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#getObjectByid(int)
        */
     public T getObjectByid(int id) {
         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
         return (T) sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().get(clazz, id);
     }

     /*
      * 根据一组id获取一组对象
      * (non-Javadoc)
      * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#getObjectByids(int)
      */
     public List<T> getObjectByids(int ids) {
         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
         return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(
         "from"+clazz.getSimpleName()+"where id in(:ids)").setParameter("ids", ids).list();
     }
     /*
      * 保存对象
      * (non-Javadoc)
      * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#save(java.lang.Object)
      */
     public void save(T t) {
         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(t);
     }

     public void update(T t) {
         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
         sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().update(t);
     }

 }

第三步：Servse用户逻辑层

 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse;

 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao;
 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity.Users;

 /*
  * 用户逻辑层
  */

 public interface IUserService extends IBaseDao<Users>{
    //定义特有方法。。。
 }

 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse.Impl;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.Impl.IBaseDaoImpl;
 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse.IUserService;
 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity.Users;
 /*
  * 用户实现类
  *
  */
 @Service("userService")
 public class IUserServiceImpl extends  IBaseDaoImpl<Users> implements IUserService{

 }

第四步：配置applicationContext.xml和springmvc.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

     <!-- 引入外部配置文件 -->
     <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:oracle.properties" />

     <!-- 配置数据源(将所有的配置写在Spirng中) -->
     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">

         <!-- 数据库连接信息 -->
         <property name="url" value="${url}" />
         <property name="username" value="${username}" />
         <property name="password" value="${password}" />
         <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}" />

         <!-- 最大连接数 -->
         <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" />
         <!-- 最大空闲数 -->
         <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" />
         <!--最小空闲数-->
         <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" />
         <!-- 初始连接数 -->
         <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}" />

     </bean>

     <!-- 创建sessionFactory -->
     <bean id="sessionFactory"
         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

         <!-- 配置Hibernate配置信息 -->
         <property name="hibernateProperties">
             <props>
                 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</prop>
             </props>
         </property>

         <!-- 配置实体类映射信息 -->
         <property name="mappingResources">
             <list>

                 <value>com/ssh/SpringMVC/enity/Users.hbm.xml</value>

            </list>
         </property>

     </bean>

     <!--    配置事务管理器    -->
     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
     </bean>

 </beans>

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

     <!--    SpringMVC的配置规则和Spring是一样的：无缝集成    -->
         <!-- 配置扫描器;自动装配 -->
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh.SpringMVC" />

       <!-- 注解事务配置 -->
     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

     <!--    配置视图    -->
     <bean id="internalView"
         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
         <!--    配置视图前缀    -->

         <property name="prefix" value="/" />
         <!--    配置视图后缀    -->
         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
     </bean>

 </beans>

web.xml配置：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <web-app version="2.5"
     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

     <!-- spring监听器： -->
     <listener>
     <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

     </listener>

     <!-- 指定spring文件路径 -->
     <context-param>
     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
     <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
     </context-param>

     <!-- =====================配置spring mvc  Start================================= -->
     <servlet>
     <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

     <!--配置springmvc路劲-->
     <init-param>
     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
     <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
     </init-param>
     <!--    >=0代表web容器启动的时候加载servlet(数字代表优先级)    -->
     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
     </servlet>

     <servlet-mapping>
     <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

     </servlet-mapping>

     <!--    配置编码过滤器    -->
     <filter>
         <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
             <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
         </init-param>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
             <param-value>true</param-value>
         </init-param>
     </filter>
     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>

   <welcome-file-list>
     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
   </welcome-file-list>
 </web-app>

第五步：注册页面：

 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 <%
 String path = request.getContextPath();
 String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
 %>

 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
 <html>
   <head>
     <base href="<%=basePath%>">

     <title>用户注册</title>

   </head>

   <body>
     <form action="userController?add" method="post">
     <table>
     <tr>
     <td>用户名：</td>
         <td><input type="text" name="username" /></td>
     </tr>
       <tr>
       <td>密码：</td>
         <td><input type="text" name="password" /></td>
       </tr>
         <tr>
         <td>性别：</td>
         <td><input type="radio" name="sex" value="男" />男 &nbsp;<input type="radio" name="sex" value="女" />女</td>
         </tr>
           <tr>
           <td></td>
         <td><input type="submit" /></td>
           </tr>

     </table>

     </form>
   </body>
 </html>

注册跳转至处理页：

 package com.ssh.SpringMVC.controller;

 import java.util.List;

 import javax.annotation.Resource;

 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse.IUserService;
 import com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity.Users;

 /**
  * 控制层
  * @author Administrator
  *
  */
 @org.springframework.stereotype.Controller
 @RequestMapping("/userController")
 public class UserController {

     //注入业务层
     @Resource
     IUserService userService;
     /*
      * 添加用户
      */
     @RequestMapping(params="add")
     public String add(Users user){
         userService.save(user);

         return "redirect:userController?all";

     }
     /*
      * 查询所有对象
      */
     @RequestMapping(params="all")
     public ModelAndView all(){

         //list集合
         List<Users> li=userService.getObjectALL();

         return new ModelAndView("index","userLi",li);
     }
 }

然后跳转至index.jsp查询所有用户信息：

 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"  prefix="c"%>
 <%
 String path = request.getContextPath();
 String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
 %>

 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
 <html>
   <head>
     <base href="<%=basePath%>">

     <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
     <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
     <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
     <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
     <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
     <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
     <!--
     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
     -->
   </head>

  <body>
     <table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
         <tr>
             <th>id</th>
             <th>姓名</th>
             <th>密码</th>
             <th>性别</th>
         </tr>
         <c:forEach items="${userLi}" var="li">
             <tr>
                 <td>${li.id}</td>
                 <td>${li.username}</td>
                 <td>${li.password}</td>
                 <td>${li.sex}</td>
             </tr>
         </c:forEach>
     </table>

 </body>
 </html>

陷阱先知：

本人在做查询的时候犯了个严重的不细心的问题：错误如下：

因为这个错纠结了一个多小时。原因是什么，看下图就明白了：

查询语句忘记了打空格，本来查询from Users，结果from Users合成一个fromUsers,才出现上面的错，都是不细心造成的，谨记，下次务犯。

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