Spring Boot (33) 分布式锁

上一篇中使用的Guava Cache，如果在集群中就不可以用了，需要借助Redis、Zookeeper之类的中间件实现分布式锁。

导入依赖

　　在pom.xml中需要添加的依赖包：stater-web、starter-aop、starter-data-redis

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

属性配置

spring:
  redis:
    host: 10.211.55.5 #redis服务器地址
    timeout: 10000 #超时时间
    database: 0 #0-15 16个库 默认0
    lettuce:
      pool:
        max-active: 8 #最大连接数
        max-wait: -1 #默认-1 最大连接阻塞等待时间
        max-idle: 8 #最大空闲连接 默认8
        min-idle: 0 #最小空闲连接

CacheLock注解

package com.spring.boot.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.*;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface CacheLock {
    /**
     * redis 锁的前缀
     * @return
     */
    String prefix() default "";

    /**
     * 过期时间
     * @return
     */
    int expire() default 5;

    /**
     * 超时时间单位
     * @return
     */
    TimeUnit timeUnit() default TimeUnit.SECONDS;

    /**
     * 可以的分隔符（默认：）
     * @return
     */
    String delimiter() default ":";
}

CacheParam注解

package com.spring.boot.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

@Target({ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface CacheParam {
    /**
     * 字段名称
     *
     * @return String
     */
    String name() default "";
}

Key生成策略（接口）

package com.spring.boot.annotation;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;

public interface CacheKeyGenerator {

    String getLockKey(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp);
}

Key生成策略（实现）

主要是解析带CacheLock注解的属性，获取对应的属性值，生成一个全新的缓存Key

package com.spring.boot.annotation;

import io.lettuce.core.dynamic.support.ReflectionUtils;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Parameter;

public class LockKeyGenerator implements CacheKeyGenerator {
    @Override
    public String getLockKey(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) {
        MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature();
        Method method = signature.getMethod();
        CacheLock lockAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(CacheLock.class);
        final Object[] args = pjp.getArgs();
        final Parameter[] parameters = method.getParameters();
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        // TODO 默认解析方法里面带 CacheParam 注解的属性,如果没有尝试着解析实体对象中的
        for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
            final CacheParam annotation = parameters[i].getAnnotation(CacheParam.class);
            if (annotation == null) {
                continue;
            }
            builder.append(lockAnnotation.delimiter()).append(args[i]);
        }
        if (builder == null || builder.toString() == "") {
            final Annotation[][] parameterAnnotations = method.getParameterAnnotations();
            for (int i = 0; i < parameterAnnotations.length; i++) {
                final Object object = args[i];
                final Field[] fields = object.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
                for (Field field : fields) {
                    final CacheParam annotation = field.getAnnotation(CacheParam.class);
                    if (annotation == null) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    builder.append(lockAnnotation.delimiter()).append(ReflectionUtils.getField(field, object));
                }
            }
        }
        return lockAnnotation.prefix() + builder.toString();
    }
}

Lock拦截器（AOP）

　　opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key,value)如果缓存中没有当前key则进行缓存，同时返回true，否则 返回false。当缓存后给key在设置个过期时间，防止因为系统崩溃而导致锁迟迟不释放形成死锁。 我们就可以这样人物当返回true它获取到锁了，在所未释放的时候我们进行异常的抛出

package com.spring.boot.annotation;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisStringCommands;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisCallback;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.types.Expiration;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

@Aspect
@Configuration
public class LockMethodInterceptor {

    private final StringRedisTemplate lockRedisTemplate;
    private final CacheKeyGenerator cacheKeyGenerator;

    @Autowired
    public LockMethodInterceptor(StringRedisTemplate lockRedisTemplate, CacheKeyGenerator cacheKeyGenerator) {
        this.lockRedisTemplate = lockRedisTemplate;
        this.cacheKeyGenerator = cacheKeyGenerator;
    }

    @Around("execution(public * *(..)) && @annotation(com.spring.boot.annotation.CacheLock)")
    public Object interceptor(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) {
        MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature();
        Method method = signature.getMethod();
        CacheLock lock = method.getAnnotation(CacheLock.class);
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(lock.prefix())) {
            throw new RuntimeException("lock key don't null...");
        }
        final String lockKey = cacheKeyGenerator.getLockKey(pjp);
        try {
            // 采用原生 API 来实现分布式锁
            final Boolean success = lockRedisTemplate.execute((RedisCallback<Boolean>) connection -> connection.set(lockKey.getBytes(), new byte[0], Expiration.from(lock.expire(), lock.timeUnit()), RedisStringCommands.SetOption.SET_IF_ABSENT));
            if (!success) {
                // TODO 按理来说 我们应该抛出一个自定义的 CacheLockException 异常;
                throw new RuntimeException("请勿重复请求");
            }
            try {
                return pjp.proceed();
            } catch (Throwable throwable) {
                throw new RuntimeException("系统异常");
            }
        } finally {
            // TODO 如果演示的话需要注释该代码;实际应该放开
            // lockRedisTemplate.delete(lockKey);
        }
    }
}

控制器

package com.spring.boot.controller;

import com.spring.boot.annotation.CacheLock;
import com.spring.boot.annotation.CacheParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {

    @CacheLock(prefix = "books")
    @GetMapping
    public String query(@CacheParam(name = "token") @RequestParam String token){
        return "success - " + token;
    }
}

还要在启动类中注入CacheKeyGenerator接口具体实现

@SpringBootApplication
public class BootApplication{

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(BootApplication.class,args);
    }

    @Bean
    public CacheKeyGenerator cacheKeyGenerator() {
        return new LockKeyGenerator();
    }

测试：

http://localhost:8088/books?token=1

5秒内再次请求