springmvc4.3.7中使用RequestBody,传入json参数时,得到错误415 Unsupported Media Type
在新建一个maven的项目的时候,当时并非springboot项目,是通过xml来配置的项目。在项目中DispatcherServlet的配置文件中配置了annotation-driven的,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd"> <description>spring Configuration</description> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean> <context:component-scan base-package="org.xuan.springmvc.controller"
use-default-filters="false"><!-- base-package 如果多个,用“,”分隔 -->
<context:include-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> <!-- 子标签是用来添加扫描注解的 -->
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
后台接口定义方式:
@RequestMapping("testrequest")
@ResponseBody
public String testRequest(@RequestBody User user) throws Exception {
System.out.println(user);
return "OK";
}
User.java定义
package org.xuan.springmvc.model; public class User { private int id;
private String username; private String password; public int getId() {
return id;
} public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
} public String getUsername() {
return username;
} public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
} public String getPassword() {
return password;
} public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
} }
前台请求方式:
$("#test").click(function () {
alert("aa")
var param={
id:1,
username:"test"
};
$.ajax({
url : "/testrequest",
type : "POST",
dataType : "json",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
data: JSON.stringify(param),
success:function (data) {
alert(data)
}
});
})
结果发现不能请求成功:
发现请求类型不正确。
跟踪源码到AbstractMessageConverterMethodArgumentResolver#readWithMessageConverters发现消息装换器messageConverters没有列出解析json格式的解析器:
查询文档https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/4.3.7.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/html/mvc.html看默认的消息转换器有哪些
To enable MVC Java config add the annotation @EnableWebMvc
to one of your @Configuration
classes:
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
public class WebConfig { }
To achieve the same in XML use the mvc:annotation-driven
element in your DispatcherServlet context (or in your root context if you have no DispatcherServlet context defined):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <mvc:annotation-driven/> </beans>
The above registers a RequestMappingHandlerMapping
, a RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
, and an ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
(among others) in support of processing requests with annotated controller methods using annotations such as @RequestMapping
, @ExceptionHandler
, and others.
It also enables the following:
- Spring 3 style type conversion through a ConversionService instance in addition to the JavaBeans PropertyEditors used for Data Binding.
- Support for formatting Number fields using the
@NumberFormat
annotation through theConversionService
. - Support for formatting
Date
,Calendar
,Long
, and Joda Time fields using the@DateTimeFormat
annotation. - Support for validating
@Controller
inputs with@Valid
, if a JSR-303 Provider is present on the classpath. HttpMessageConverter
support for@RequestBody
method parameters and@ResponseBody
method return values from@RequestMapping
or@ExceptionHandler
methods.This is the complete list of HttpMessageConverters set up by mvc:annotation-driven:
ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter
converts byte arrays.StringHttpMessageConverter
converts strings.ResourceHttpMessageConverter
converts to/fromorg.springframework.core.io.Resource
for all media types.SourceHttpMessageConverter
converts to/from ajavax.xml.transform.Source
.FormHttpMessageConverter
converts form data to/from aMultiValueMap<String, String>
.Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter
converts Java objects to/from XML — added if JAXB2 is present and Jackson 2 XML extension is not present on the classpath.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter
converts to/from JSON — added if Jackson 2 is present on the classpath.MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter
converts to/from XML — added if Jackson 2 XML extension is present on the classpath.AtomFeedHttpMessageConverter
converts Atom feeds — added if Rome is present on the classpath.RssChannelHttpMessageConverter
converts RSS feeds — added if Rome is present on the classpath.
原来使用MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter
需要引入相关的jar
然后引入包:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.8.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.8.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.8.5</version>
</dependency>
在调一次接口发现增加了json解析:
最后调用成功。
原因是在创建RequestMappingHandlerAdapter的时候加载messageConverters
public RequestMappingHandlerAdapter() {
StringHttpMessageConverter stringHttpMessageConverter = new StringHttpMessageConverter();
stringHttpMessageConverter.setWriteAcceptCharset(false); // see SPR-7316 this.messageConverters = new ArrayList<HttpMessageConverter<?>>(4);
this.messageConverters.add(new ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter());
this.messageConverters.add(stringHttpMessageConverter);
this.messageConverters.add(new SourceHttpMessageConverter<Source>());
this.messageConverters.add(new AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter());
}
在AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter中会判断是否jvm是否加载了类com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper和com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator,只有加载了才会创建
public AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter() {
addPartConverter(new SourceHttpMessageConverter<Source>()); if (jaxb2Present && !jackson2XmlPresent) {
addPartConverter(new Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter());
} if (jackson2Present) {
addPartConverter(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter());
}
else if (gsonPresent) {
addPartConverter(new GsonHttpMessageConverter());
} if (jackson2XmlPresent) {
addPartConverter(new MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter());
}
}
备注:
解析传入的参数是:AbstractMessageConverterMethodArgumentResolver#readWithMessageConverters
解析返回值是:AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor#writeWithMessageConverters
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