Python的功能模块[0] -> wmi -> 获取 Windows 内部信息

wmi模块 / wmi Module

---

WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) 模块可用于获取 Windows 内部信息。该模块需要 win32com 的支持，环境安装如下，

pip install wmi
pip install pypiwin32  

模块信息

---

WMI() 类

类实例化：w = wmi.WMI()

类的功能: 用于生成 WMI 的实例

传入参数: 无

返回参数: w

Win32_Processor() 方法

函数调用: processorList = w.Win32_Processor()

函数功能: 用于获取处理器信息对象，并存以列表形式

传入参数: 无

返回参数: processorList

processorList: list类型，list中每个元素均为一个含cpu信息的object

cpu object通过object.name调用，所含信息包括:

instance of Win32_Processor
{
    AddressWidth = 64;
    Architecture = 9;
    Availability = 3;
    Caption = "Intel64 Family 6 Model 78 Stepping 3";
    CpuStatus = 1;
    CreationClassName = "Win32_Processor";
    CurrentClockSpeed = 2376;
    CurrentVoltage = 9;
    DataWidth = 64;
    Description = "Intel64 Family 6 Model 78 Stepping 3";
    DeviceID = "CPU0";
    ExtClock = 100;
    Family = 205;
    L2CacheSize = 512;
    L3CacheSize = 3072;
    L3CacheSpeed = 0;
    Level = 6;
    LoadPercentage = 29;
    Manufacturer = "GenuineIntel";
    MaxClockSpeed = 2401;
    Name = "Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6300U CPU @ 2.40GHz";
    NumberOfCores = 2;
    NumberOfLogicalProcessors = 4;
    PowerManagementSupported = FALSE;
    ProcessorId = "BFEBFBFF000406E3";
    ProcessorType = 3;
    Revision = 19971;
    Role = "CPU";
    SocketDesignation = "U3E1";
    Status = "OK";
    StatusInfo = 3;
    SystemCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";
    SystemName = "CN00208511";
    UpgradeMethod = 1;
    Version = "";
};  

Win32_PhysicalMemory() 方法

函数调用: memModuleList = w.Win32_PhysicalMemory()

函数功能: 用于获取物理内存信息对象，并存以列表形式

传入参数: 无

返回参数: memModuleList

memModuleList: list 类型，list 中每个元素均为一个含物理内存信息的 object

物理内存 object 通过 object.name 调用，所含信息包括:

instance of Win32_PhysicalMemory
{
    BankLabel = "ChannelA";
    Capacity = "";
    Caption = "Physical Memory";
    CreationClassName = "Win32_PhysicalMemory";
    DataWidth = 64;
    Description = "Physical Memory";
    DeviceLocator = "Bottom-Slot 1(left)";
    FormFactor = 12;
    InterleaveDataDepth = 0;
    InterleavePosition = 0;
    Manufacturer = "Hynix/Hyundai";
    MemoryType = 0;
    Name = "Physical Memory";
    PartNumber = "HMA81GS6AFR8N-UH    ";
    PositionInRow = 1;
    SerialNumber = "28ECE200";
    Speed = 2133;
    Tag = "Physical Memory 0";
    TotalWidth = 64;
    TypeDetail = 16512;
};  

Win32_LogicalDisk () 方法

函数调用: diskList = w.Win32_LogicalDisk(DriverType=3)

函数功能:用于获取磁盘信息对象，并存以列表形式

传入参数: *argv

DriverType: int 类型，筛选驱动类型

返回参数: diskList

diskList: list类型，list 中每个元素均为一个含磁盘信息的object

磁盘信息 object 通过object.name调用，所含信息包括:

instance of Win32_LogicalDisk
{
    Access = 0;
    Caption = "C:";
    Compressed = FALSE;
    CreationClassName = "Win32_LogicalDisk";
    Description = "Local Fixed Disk";
    DeviceID = "C:";
    DriveType = 3;
    FileSystem = "NTFS";
    FreeSpace = "";
    MaximumComponentLength = 255;
    MediaType = 12;
    Name = "C:";
    Size = "";
    SupportsDiskQuotas = FALSE;
    SupportsFileBasedCompression = TRUE;
    SystemCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";
    SystemName = "CN00208511";
    VolumeName = "OSDisk";
    VolumeSerialNumber = "3AFBC150";
};  

instance of Win32_LogicalDisk
{
    Access = 0;
    Caption = "D:";
    Compressed = FALSE;
    CreationClassName = "Win32_LogicalDisk";
    Description = "Local Fixed Disk";
    DeviceID = "D:";
    DriveType = 3;
    FileSystem = "FAT32";
    FreeSpace = "";
    MaximumComponentLength = 255;
    MediaType = 12;
    Name = "D:";
    Size = "";
    SupportsDiskQuotas = FALSE;
    SupportsFileBasedCompression = FALSE;
    SystemCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";
    SystemName = "CN00208511";
    VolumeName = "HP_TOOLS";
    VolumeSerialNumber = "B2FBEEA0";
};  

instance of Win32_LogicalDisk
{
    Access = 0;
    Caption = "E:";
    Compressed = FALSE;
    CreationClassName = "Win32_LogicalDisk";
    Description = "Local Fixed Disk";
    DeviceID = "E:";
    DriveType = 3;
    FileSystem = "NTFS";
    FreeSpace = "";
    MaximumComponentLength = 255;
    MediaType = 12;
    Name = "E:";
    Size = "";
    SupportsDiskQuotas = FALSE;
    SupportsFileBasedCompression = TRUE;
    SystemCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";
    SystemName = "CN00208511";
    VolumeName = "HP_RECOVERY";
    VolumeSerialNumber = "BCFC555B";
};  

Win32_ NetworkAdapterConfiguration()方法

函数调用: interfaceList = w.Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration(IPEnabled=1)

函数功能: 用于网络接口信息对象，并存以列表形式

传入参数: *argv

IPEnabled: bool 类型，可传入1，默认为False，为 True 将显示 IP 信息

返回参数: interfaceList

interfaceList: list 类型，list 中每个元素均为一个网络接口信息的 object

网络接口信息 object 通过 object.name 调用，所含信息包括（部分具体信息已删除）:

instance of Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
{
    Caption = "[00000011] Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 8260";
    DatabasePath = "%SystemRoot%\\System32\\drivers\\etc";
    DefaultIPGateway = {"192.168.1.1"};
    Description = "Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 8260";
    DHCPEnabled = TRUE;
    DHCPLeaseExpires = "20170531002222.000000+480";
    DHCPLeaseObtained = "20170530222222.000000+480";
    DHCPServer = "192.168.1.1";
    DNSDomain = "DHCP HOST";
    DNSDomainSuffixSearchOrder = {"ericsson.se", "DHCP HOST"};
    DNSEnabledForWINSResolution = FALSE;
    DNSHostName = "";
    DNSServerSearchOrder = {"", ""};
    DomainDNSRegistrationEnabled = FALSE;
    FullDNSRegistrationEnabled = TRUE;
    GatewayCostMetric = {0};
    Index = 11;
    InterfaceIndex = 12;
    IPAddress = {"", ""};
    IPConnectionMetric = 20;
    IPEnabled = TRUE;
    IPFilterSecurityEnabled = FALSE;
    IPSecPermitIPProtocols = {};
    IPSecPermitTCPPorts = {};
    IPSecPermitUDPPorts = {};
    IPSubnet = {"", ""};
    MACAddress = "";
    ServiceName = "NETwNs64";
    SettingID = "{}";
    TcpipNetbiosOptions = 0;
    WINSEnableLMHostsLookup = TRUE;
    WINSScopeID = "";
};  

利用wmi模块获取PC信息

---

获取PC信息的步骤主要有:

（1）打开存储信息的文件;

（2）实例化WMI类，利用各函数获取硬件信息类的列表;

（3）遍历硬件信息类列表，获取硬件信息并写入存储文件。

 import wmi
 hardware=open('Hardware.txt', 'w')

 w=wmi.WMI()

 hardware.write("cpu type，main frequency：\n")
 for processor in w.Win32_Processor():
     hardware.write("Processor ID: %s" % processor.DeviceID)
     hardware.write("\nProcess Name: %s" % processor.Name.strip()+'\n\n')
 hardware.write('Memory size：')
 totalMemSize=0
 for memModule in w.Win32_PhysicalMemory():
     totalMemSize+=int(memModule.Capacity)
     hardware.write("\nMemory Capacity: %.2fMB" %((totalMemSize+1048575)/1048576)+'\n\n')
 hardware.write('Hard disk usage：')
 for disk in w.Win32_LogicalDisk (DriveType=3):
     temp=disk.Caption+" %0.2f%% free" %(100.0 * int(disk.FreeSpace) / int(disk.Size))
     hardware.write('\n'+temp)
     hardware.write('\n')
 hardware.write('\nIP and MAC：\n')
 for interface in w.Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration(IPEnabled=1):
     hardware.write('Network card driver information：')
     hardware.write(interface.Description+'\n')
     hardware.write('Network card MAC address：')
     hardware.write(interface.MACAddress+'\n')
     hardware.write('IP address：')
     hardware.write(interface.IPAddress[0]+'\n')
     hardware.write('Network IP interface')
     hardware.write(interface.IPAddress[1]+'\n')
 hardware.close()

最终可以在当前目录下得到一个包含硬件信息的文本文件。