Visual Studio 调试技巧[Command Window & Immediate Window ](Tips)


1. immediate window 定义的一些 alias （//z 2012-3-13 14:04:44 PM IS2120@CSDN）

alias ? Debug.Print
alias ?? Debug.QuickWatch
alias AddProj File.AddNewProject
alias alias Tools.Alias
alias autos Debug.Autos
alias bl Debug.Breakpoints
alias bp Debug.ToggleBreakpoint
alias callstack Debug.CallStack
alias ClearBook Edit.ClearBookmarks
alias close File.Close
alias CloseAll Window.CloseAllDocuments
alias cls Edit.ClearAll
alias cmd View.CommandWindow
alias code View.ViewCode
alias d Debug.ListMemory
alias da Debug.ListMemory /Ansi
alias db Debug.ListMemory /Format:OneByte
alias dc Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes /Ansi
alias dd Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes
alias DelBOL Edit.DeleteToBOL
alias DelEOL Edit.DeleteToEOL
alias DelHSp Edit.DeleteHorizontalWhiteSpace
alias designer View.ViewDesigner
alias df Debug.ListMemory /Format:Float
alias disasm Debug.Disassembly
alias dq Debug.ListMemory /Format:EightBytes
alias du Debug.ListMemory /Unicode
alias eval Debug.EvaluateStatement
alias exit File.Exit
alias format Edit.FormatSelection
alias FullScreen View.FullScreen
alias g Debug.Start
alias GotoBrace Edit.GotoBrace
alias GotoLn Edit.GoTo
alias help Help.F1Help
alias immed Tools.ImmediateMode
alias InsertFile Edit.InsertFileAsText
alias k Debug.ListCallStack
alias kb Debug.ListCallStack
alias Lcase Edit.MakeLowercase
alias LineCut Edit.LineCut
alias LineDel Edit.LineDelete
alias ListMembers Edit.ListMembers
alias locals Debug.Locals
alias log Tools.LogCommandWindowOutput
alias memory memory1
alias memory1 Debug.Memory1
alias memory2 Debug.Memory2
alias memory3 Debug.Memory3
alias memory4 Debug.Memory4
alias n Debug.SetRadix
alias nav navigate
alias navigate View.WebBrowser
alias new File.NewFile
alias NewProj File.NewProject
alias NextBook Edit.NextBookmark
alias nf File.NewFile
alias np File.NewProject
alias of File.OpenFile
alias op File.OpenProject
alias open File.OpenFile
alias OutlineDefs Edit.CollapsetoDefinitions
alias p Debug.StepOver
alias ParamInfo Edit.ParameterInfo
alias pr Debug.StepOut
alias PrevBook Edit.PreviousBookmark
alias print File.Print
alias props View.PropertiesWindow
alias q Debug.StopDebugging
alias r Debug.ListRegisters
alias redo Edit.Redo
alias registers Debug.Registers
alias rtc Debug.RunToCursor
alias save File.SaveSelectedItems
alias SaveAll File.SaveAll
alias SaveAs File.SaveSelectedItemsAs
alias shell Tools.Shell
alias StopFind Edit.FindInFiles /stop
alias StopOutlining Edit.CollapsetoDefinitions
alias SwapAnchor Edit.SwapAnchor
alias t Debug.StepInto
alias tabify Edit.TabifySelectedLines
alias TaskList View.TaskList
alias threads Debug.Threads
alias TileH Window.TileHorizontally
alias TileV Window.TileVertically
alias ToggleBook Edit.ToggleBookmark
alias toolbox View.Toolbox
alias u Debug.ListDisassembly
alias Ucase Edit.MakeUppercase
alias undo Edit.Undo
alias Untabify Edit.UntabifySelectedLines
alias watch Debug.Watch
alias WordWrap Edit.ToggleWordWrap
alias | Debug.ListProcesses
alias ~ Debug.ListThreads
alias ~*k Debug.ListCallStack /AllThreads
alias ~*kb Debug.ListCallStack /AllThreads

//z 2012-3-13 14:04:44 PM IS2120@CSDN

 
2. 两个窗口的相互切换

Task Solution Example

Evaluate an expression.

Preface the expression with a question mark (?).

? a+b

Temporarily enter Command mode while in Immediate mode (to execute a single command).

Enter the command, prefacing it with a greater than sign (>).

>alias

Switch to the Command window.

Enter cmd into the window, prefacing it with a greater than sign (>).

>cmd

Switch back to the Immediate window.

Enter immed into the window without the greater than sign (>).

immed

3. Command Window

The Command window is used to execute commands or aliases directly in the Visual Studio integrated development environment (IDE). You can execute both menu commands and commands that do not appear on any menu. To display theCommand window, choose Other Windows from theView menu, and select Command Window.

This section explains the commands and aliases available from the Command window.

Task

Solution

Example

Evaluate an expression.

Preface the expression with a question mark (?).

? myvar

Switch to an Immediate window.

Enter immed into the window without the greater than sign (>)

immed

Switch back to the Command window from an Immediate window.

Enter cmd into the window.

>cmd

The following shortcuts help you navigate while in Command mode.

4. 等号在两个窗口的含义是不一样的
在COMMAND窗口，作为一个比较字符串，而在immediate window 作为一个赋值操作符
The Equals (=) Sign

The window used to enter the EvaluateStatement command determines whether an equals sign (=) is interpreted as a comparison operator or as an assignment operator.

In the Command window, an equals sign (=) is interpreted as a comparison operator. You cannot use assignment operators in theCommand window. So, for example, if the values of variablesvarA and varB are different, then the command

 
 
>Debug.EvaluateStatement(varA=varB)

will return a value of False.

In the Immediate window, by contrast, an equals sign (=) is interpreted as an assignment operator. So, for example, the command

 
 
>Debug.EvaluateStatement(varA=varB)

will assign to variable varA the value of variable varB.

5. 预定义的一些命令别名

Command Name

Alias

Complete Name

Print Command

?

Debug.Print

Quick Watch Command

??

Debug.Quickwatch

Add New Project

AddProj

File.AddNewProject

Alias Command

Alias

Tools.Alias

Autos window

Autos

Debug.Autos

Breakpoints window

bl

Debug.Breakpoints

Toggle Breakpoint

bp

Debug.ToggleBreakPoint

Call Stack window

CallStack

Debug.CallStack

Clear Bookmarks

ClearBook

Edit.ClearBookmarks

Close

Close

File.Close

Close All Documents

CloseAll

Window.CloseAllDocuments

Clear All

cls

Edit.ClearAll

Command mode

cmd

View.CommandWindow

code

View.ViewCode

List Memory Command

d

Debug.ListMemory

List Memory Command as ANSI

da

Debug.ListMemory /Ansi

List Memory Command One Byte format

db

Debug.ListMemory /Format:OneByte

List Memory Command as ANSI with Four Byte format

dc

Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes /Ansi

List Memory Command Four Byte format

dd

Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes

Delete to BOL

DelBOL

Edit.DeleteToBOL

Delete to EOL

DelEOL

Edit.DeleteToEOL

Delete Horizontal Whitespace

DelHSp

Edit.DeleteHorizontalWhitespace

View Designer

designer

View.ViewDesigner

List Memory Command Float format

df

Debug.ListMemory/Format:Float

Disassembly window

disasm

Debug.Disassembly

List Memory Command Eight Byte format

dq

Debug.ListMemory /Format:EightBytes

List Memory Command as Unicode

du

Debug.ListMemory /Unicode

Evaluate Statement Command

eval

Debug.EvaluateStatement

Exit

Exit

File.Exit

Format Selection

format

Edit.FormatSelection

Full Screen

FullScreen

View.FullScreen

Start Command

g

Debug.Start

Go To Command

GotoLn

Edit.GoTo

Go to Brace

GotoBrace

Edit.GotoBrace

F1Help

Help

Help.F1Help

Immediate Mode

immed

Tools.ImmediateMode

Insert File as Text

InsertFile

Edit.InsertFileAsText

List Call Stack Command

kb

Debug.ListCallStack

Make Lower Case

Lcase

Edit.MakeLowercase

Cut Line

LineCut

Edit.LineCut

Delete Line

LineDel

Edit.LineDelete

List Members

ListMembers

Edit.ListMembers

Locals window

Locals

Debug.Locals

Log Command Window Output Command

Log

Tools.LogCommandWindowOutput

Command Window Mark Mode

mark

Tools.CommandWindowMarkMode

Memory window

Memory Memory1

Debug.Memory1

Memory Window 2

Memory2

Debug.Memory2

Memory Window 3

Memory3

Debug.Memory3

Memory Window 4

Memory4

Debug.Memory4

Set Radix Command

n

Debug.SetRadix

ShowWebBrowser Command

nav navigate

View.ShowWebBrowser

Next Bookmark

NextBook

Edit.NextBookmark

New File Command

nf

File.NewFile

New Project

np NewProj

File.NewProject

Open File Command

of Open

File.OpenFile

Open Project Command

op

File.OpenProject

Collapse to Definitions/Stop Outlining

OutlineDefs StopOutlining

Edit.CollapsetoDefinitions

Step Over

p

Debug.StepOver

Parameter Information

ParamInfo

Edit.ParameterInfo

Step Out

pr

Debug.StepOut

Previous Bookmark

PrevBook

Edit.PreviousBookmark

Print File

print

File.Print

Properties Window

props

View.PropertiesWindow

Stop

q

Debug.StopDebugging

Redo

redo

Edit.Redo

Registers window

registers

Debug.Registers

Run to Cursor

rtc

Debug.RunToCursor

Save Selected Items

save

File.SaveSelectedItems

Save All

SaveAll

File.SaveAll

Save As

SaveAs

File.SaveSelectedItemsAs

Shell Command

shell

Tools.Shell

Stop Find In Files

StopFind

Edit.FindInFiles /stop

Swap Anchor

SwapAnchor

Edit.SwapAnchor

Step Into

t

Debug.StepInto

Tabify Selection

tabify

Edit.TabifySelection

Tasklist window

TaskList

View.TaskList

Threads window

Threads

Debug.Threads

Tile Horizontally

TileH

Window.TileHorizontally

Tile Vertically

TileV

Window.TileVertically

Toggle Bookmark

ToggleBook

Edit.ToggleBookmark

Toolbox window

toolbox

View.Toolbox

List Disassembly Command

u

Debug.ListDisassembly

Make Uppercase

Ucase

Edit.MakeUppercase

Undo

undo

Edit.Undo

Untabify Selection

Untabify

Edit.UntabifySelection

Watch window

Watch

Debug.WatchN

Toggle Word Wrap

WordWrap

Edit.ToggleWordWrap

List Processes

|

Debug.ListProcesses

List Threads Command

~ ~*k ~*kb

Debug.ListThreads Debug.ListTheads /AllThreads

6. 对别名的一些操作

To create an alias for a Visual Studio command

  1. Open the Command window or place the focus in the Find/Command box.

  2. Type >alias, then the name for the alias, followed by the command you want to create an alias for. For example:

     
     
    >alias MyAlias File.NewFile MyFile

  3. Press ENTER.

    The status bar displays the text "Alias <aliasname> created". The new alias now appears in the auto-completion list for commands.

To delete an alias for a Visual Studio command

  1. Open the Command window or place the focus in the Find/Command box.

  2. Type >alias, then the name of the alias, followed by/delete. For example:

     
     
    >alias myalias /delete

  3. Press ENTER.

    The status bar displays the text "Alias <aliasname> deleted".

To view a list of all current aliases and their definitions

  • In the Command window, type >alias and press ENTER.

    A list of the current Visual Studio command aliases appears, including the definitions for the aliases. You can then print the contents of theCommand window.

    Tip

    To clear the contents of the Command window, type >cls.

To view the definition for a single alias

  • In the Command window, type >alias followed by the alias name.

7. immediate window 在各个VS版本的支持程度 （//z 2012-3-13 14:04:44 PM IS2120@CSDN）

Visual Studio Edition

Visual Basic

C#

C++

J#

Express

No

No

No

No

Standard

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Pro/Team

Yes

Yes

No

Yes
 

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