Oracle-11g 基于 NBU 的 rman 冷备份及恢复

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备份恢复环境：

(1).源端：

SUSE Enterprise Linux 11

Oracle 11g 11.2.0.3.6（RAC）

(2).目标端：

SUSE Enterprise Linux 11

Oracle 11g 11.2.0.3.6（RAC）

 

冷备份及恢复情形：

冷备份 odsdb 集群数据，并于出现故障时，在原集群环境下进行恢复。其中，odsdb 已配置 NBU 备份环境。

NBU Master Server 的主机名为 xmn-nbu-master，NBU Media Server 的主机名为 xmn-5230。

 

冷备份步骤：

1.设置系统参数（oracle）

$> export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=YYYY-MM-DD:hh24:mi:ss

$> export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

$> export NB_ORA_CLIENT=odsdbsvr1

$> export NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master
2.执行备份操作（oracle）

首先以下列命令 rman target / catalog rman/rman@rman11g 连接目标库及恢复目录数据库。

随后，执行以下脚本进行备份。

RMAN> RUN{

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

STARTUP MOUNT;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' parms="ENV=(NB_ORA_CLIENT=odsdbsvr1,NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master)";

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' parms="ENV=(NB_ORA_CLIENT=odsdbsvr1,NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master)";

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' parms="ENV=(NB_ORA_CLIENT=odsdbsvr1,NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master)";

BACKUP FULL tag 'cold backup' filesperset 4 FORMAT 'ManualBackup%d_%s_%p_%t' DATABASE;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' parms="ENV=(NB_ORA_CLIENT=odsdbsvr1,NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master)";

BACKUP FORMAT 'ManualBackupCntrl_%s_%p_%t' CURRENT CONTROLFILE;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;

}

3.备份SPFILE（oracle）

登陆至 sqlplus 环境，执行以下语句备份 spfile。

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/20151023pfile.ora’ from spfile;

4.查看DBID（oracle）

同样于 sqlplus 环境，执行以下语句确定数据库的 DBID。注意：应记住 DBID 以用于恢复。

SQL> SELECT dbid FROM v$database;

输出结果类似如下：

      DBID

--------------------

3412031686

 

冷恢复步骤：

1.删除数据库实例（oracle）

通过 dbca 删除 instance，例如在图形界面删除。

2.设置系统参数（oracle）

$> export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=YYYY-MM-DD:hh24:mi:ss

$> export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

$> export NB_ORA_CLIENT=odsdbsvr1

$> export NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master

3.启动数据库至 nomount（oracle）

利用备份的 pfile 参数文件覆盖原启动文件。

$> cp /home/oracle/20151023pfile.ora /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initodsdb1.ora

进入 sqlplus 环境，将数据库启动至 nomount 状态。

SQL> startup nomount

4.配置远程 AS SYSDBA/SYSOPER 登陆的密码文件（oracle）

例如以下操作将 sys 密码改为 password。

$> cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

$> orapwd file=orapwodsdb1 password=password entries=5

5.恢复控制文件（oracle）

通过以下语句进入连接恢复目录数据库，并制定要恢复的数据库 DBID。

$> rman rcvcat rman/rman@rman11g

RMAN> set dbid=3412031686

RMAN> connect target sys/password

随后，通过以下脚本恢复控制文件。

RMAN> run{

allocate channel ch0 type 'sbt_tape'

parms="ENV=(NB_ORA_CLIENT=odsdbsvr1,NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master)";

restore controlfile;

release channel ch0;

}

6.启动数据库至mount状态（oracle）

SQL> alter database mount;

7.恢复数据库文件（oracle）

通过以下语句进入连接恢复目录数据库，并以当前库为连接的目标库。

$> rman rcvcat rman/rman@rman11g

RMAN> connect target sys/password

随后，运行以下脚本恢复数据库文件。

RMAN> run{

allocate channel ch0 type 'sbt_tape'

parms="ENV=(NB_ORA_CLIENT=yxdbsvr1,NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master)";

allocate channel ch1 type 'sbt_tape'

parms="ENV=(NB_ORA_CLIENT=yxdbsvr1,NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master)";

allocate channel ch2 type 'sbt_tape'

parms="ENV=(NB_ORA_CLIENT=yxdbsvr1,NB_ORA_SERV=xmn-nbu-master)";

restore database;

switch datafile all;

recover database;

}

8.启动数据库至 open 状态（oracle）

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

9.重新配置监听（oracle）

需要的话重新配置监听。