Django中安装websocket

完整代码： https://gitee.com/mom925/django-system

项目结构：

先安装所需库：
    pip install channels

下面将websocket作为插件一样的只需要引入配置的结构

asgi.py文件 http请求不变、修改websocket请求调用路径

import os
import django
from channels.http import AsgiHandler
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from . import routing

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'Wchime.settings')
django.setup()

application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    "http": AsgiHandler(),
    "websocket": URLRouter(routing.websocket_urlpatterns),
})

同级目录下的请求路由文件 routing.py

from django.urls import path, re_path
from .consumers import RollCallConsumer, CustomRollCallConsumer

websocket_urlpatterns = [
    path('ws/', RollCallConsumer.as_asgi()),
    re_path(r'ws/(?P<group>\w+)/', CustomRollCallConsumer.as_asgi()),
]

创建一个consumers.py 定义收发消息

import json

from channels.generic.websocket import AsyncJsonWebsocketConsumer
from channels.layers import get_channel_layer
from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync

class RollCallConsumer(AsyncJsonWebsocketConsumer):
    group_name = "default_group"

    async def connect(self):
        await self.channel_layer.group_add(
            self.group_name,
            self.channel_name
        )
        await self.accept()

    async def disconnect(self, close_code):
        await self.channel_layer.group_discard(
            self.group_name,
            self.channel_name
        )

    async def receive(self, text_data=None, bytes_data=None, **kwargs):
        await self.send(text_data)

    async def send(self, text_data=None, bytes_data=None, close=False):
        await super(RollCallConsumer, self).send(text_data, bytes_data, close)

    async def push_messages(self, message):
        message_type = message['default_group']
        message = message['message']
        data = {
            'message_type': message_type,
            'message': message
        }
        await self.send(json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False))

class CustomRollCallConsumer(AsyncJsonWebsocketConsumer):
    group_name = "default_group"

    async def connect(self):
        self.group_name = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs'].get('group', 'default_group')
        await self.channel_layer.group_add(
            self.group_name,
            self.channel_name
        )
        await self.accept()

    async def disconnect(self, close_code):
        self.group_name = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs'].get('group', 'default_group')
        await self.channel_layer.group_discard(
            self.group_name,
            self.channel_name
        )

    async def receive(self, text_data=None, bytes_data=None, **kwargs):
        await self.send(text_data)

    async def send(self, text_data=None, bytes_data=None, close=False):
        await super(CustomRollCallConsumer, self).send(text_data, bytes_data, close)

    async def push_messages(self, message):
        message_type = message['default_group']
        message = message['message']
        data = {
            'message_type': message_type,
            'message': message
        }
        await self.send(json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False))

def send_message(group_name="default_group", message=None, message_type=None):
    """
    WS广播: 外部函数调用
    :param message_type: 消息类型
    :param group_name: 组名称
    :param message: 消息内容
    :return:
    """
    # print(get_channel_layer())
    # print("send msg")
    channel_layer = get_channel_layer()
    async_to_sync(channel_layer.group_send)(
        group_name,
        {
            'type': 'push.messages',  # push_messages函数
            'message': message,
            'message_type': message_type
        }
    )

定义一个配置文件settings.py，里面主要是注册app，添加asgi等配置

import os
import sys
from django.conf import settings
from conf.env import *
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))

ASGI_APPLICATION = 'websocket_plugin.asgi.application'

# redis_host = "redis://" + REDIS_HOST + ":" + REDIS_PORT + "/" + REDIS_LIBRARY
redis_host = "redis://:" + REDIS_PWD + "@" + REDIS_HOST + ":" + REDIS_PORT + "/" + REDIS_LIBRARY
secret_k = 'wchime'

CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
    'default': {
        'BACKEND': 'channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer',
        'CONFIG': {
            # 连接自己的redis
            "hosts": [redis_host],
            "symmetric_encryption_keys": [secret_k],
        },
    },
}

apps = ['channels']

settings.INSTALLED_APPS += [app for app in apps if app not in settings.INSTALLED_APPS]

最后只要在Django项目的settings.py文件中引入配置即可

from plugin.websocket_plugin.settings import *

成功启动服务