Python使用MySQLConnector/Python操作MySQL、MariaDB数据库

使用MySQL Connector/Python操作MySQL、MariaDB数据库

 

by:授客 QQ：1033553122

因目前MySQLdb并不支持python3.x，而MySQL官方已经提供了MySQL连接器，而且已经有支持Python3.x的版本，所以使用MySQL Connector/Python来操作数据库

 

测试环境：

win7 32位

JetBrains PyCharm 4.0.5

Python版本：Python 3.3.2

Windows (x86, 32-bit), MSI Installer Python 3.3

下载地址：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/python/

网盘下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kTRqRht

 

 

dbconfig.conf配置:

[DATABASE]

host = 192.168.1.102

port = 3306

user =  testacc

passwd = test1234

db = 1dcq

charset = utf8

 

代码实践

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

__author__ = 'shouke'

import mysql.connector

from mysql.connector import  errorcode

import configparser

import sys

from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta

class GetDB:

    '''配置数据库IP，端口等信息，获取数据库连接'''

    def __init__(self, ini_file):

        config = configparser.ConfigParser()

        # 从配置文件中读取数据库服务器IP、域名，端口

        config.read(ini_file)

        self.host = config['DATABASE']['host']

        self.port = config['DATABASE']['port']

        self.user = config['DATABASE']['user']

        self.passwd = config['DATABASE']['passwd']

        self.db = config['DATABASE']['db']

        self.charset = config['DATABASE']['charset']

    def get_conn(self):

        try:

            conn = mysql.connector.connect(host=self.host, port=self.port, user=self.user, password=self.passwd, database=self.db, charset=self.charset)

            return conn

        except Exception as e:

            print('%s', e)

            sys.exit()

    # 创建数据库

    def create_database(self, cursor, db_name):

        try:

            cursor.execute("CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS {} DEFAULT CHARSET 'utf8'".format(db_name))

        except mysql.connector.Error as err:

            print('Failed creating database: {}'.format(err))

            exit(1)

    # 切换数据库

    def use_database(self, cursor, db_name):

        try:

            cursor.execute('USE {}'.format(db_name))

        except mysql.connector.Error as err:

            if err.errno == errorcode.ER_BAD_DB_ERROR: # ER_BAD_DB_ERROR 未知数据库

                self.create_database(cursor, db_name)

                cursor.execute('USE {}'.format(db_name))

            else:

                print(err)

                exit(1)

    # 创建表-批量创建(如果表直接存在依赖关系，但是执行时未对传入的tables字典参数的项进行排序，可能无法创建成功)

    def create_table(self, cursor, tables):

        for table_name, table_ddl in tables.items():

            try:

                print("Creating table {}:".format(table_name), end='')

                cursor.execute(table_ddl)

            except mysql.connector.Error as err:

                if err.errno == errorcode.ER_TABLE_EXISTS_ERROR:

                    print("already exists.")

                else:

                    print(err.msg)

            else:

                print('OK')

    # 创建表

    def create_table(self, cursor, table_ddl):

        try:

            print('Result of creating table:', end='')

            cursor.execute(table_ddl)

        except mysql.connector.Error as err:

            if err.errno == errorcode.ER_TABLE_EXISTS_ERROR:

                print("already exists.")

            else:

                print(err.msg)

        else:

             print('OK')

    # 插入数据

    def insert_data(self, cursor, insert_ddl, insert_data):

        try:

            cursor.execute(insert_ddl, insert_data)

            print('insert data into table success')

        except mysql.connector.Error as err:

            print('insert data into table failed')

            print(err)

    # 查询数据

    def query_data(self, cursor, query_ddl, query_data=None):

        try:

            if query_data:

                cursor.execute(query_ddl, query_data)

            else:

                cursor.execute(query_ddl)

            for row in cursor:

                print(row)

        except mysql.connector.Error as err:

            print(err)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    db = GetDB('./dbconfig.conf')

    dbconn = db.get_conn()

    cursor = dbconn.cursor()

    DB_NAME = 'employees'

    TABLES = {}

    TABLES['employees'] = (

        "CREATE TABLE `employees` ("

        "  `emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,"

        "  `birth_date` date NOT NULL,"

        "  `member_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,"

        "  `gender` enum('M','F') NOT NULL,"

        "  `hire_date` date NOT NULL,"

        "  PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`)"

        ") ENGINE=InnoDB")

    TABLES['departments'] = (

        "CREATE TABLE `departments` ("

        "  `dept_no` int(11) NOT NULL,"

        "  `dept_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,"

        "  PRIMARY KEY (`dept_no`), UNIQUE KEY `dept_name`(`dept_name`)"

        ") ENGINE=InnoDB")

    db.create_database(cursor, 'testdb')

    db.use_database(cursor, DB_NAME)

    #db.create_table(cursor, TABLES)

    print('creating table employees')

    db.create_table(cursor, TABLES['employees'])

    print('creating table departments')

    db.create_table(cursor, TABLES['departments'])

    tomorrow = datetime.now().date() + timedelta(days=1)

    add_employee = ("INSERT INTO employees "

                    "(member_name, hire_date, gender, birth_date) "

                    "VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s)")

    add_departments = ("INSERT INTO departments "

                       "(dept_no, dept_name) "

                       "VALUES (%(dept_no)s, %(dept_name)s)")

    data_employee = ('Geert', tomorrow, 'M', date(1977, 6, 14))

    # Insert new employee

    db.insert_data(cursor, add_employee, data_employee)

    # Insert departments information

    emp_no = cursor.lastrowid

    data_departments = {

      'dept_no': emp_no,

      'dept_name': 'computer'+ str(emp_no)

    }

    db.insert_data(cursor, add_departments, data_departments)

    # 使插入数据操作生效

    try:

        dbconn.commit()

    except Exception as e:

        print(e)

        dbconn.rollback()

    query = ("SELECT member_name, hire_date FROM employees "

             "WHERE hire_date BETWEEN %s AND %s")

    hire_start = date(2015, 1, 1)

    hire_end = date(2016, 1, 10)

    db.query_data(cursor, query,(hire_start, hire_end))

    # 关闭游标

    cursor.close()

    # 关闭数据库连接

    dbconn.close()

注：其它操作和MYSQLdb类似，不再赘述，烦请参考文章：Python2.7操作Mariadb、Mysql数据库简介

运行结果：

 

参考连接：

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/connector-python-examples.html