docker安装脚本

此docker安装脚本为官方提供的，可以从网上下载，此处直接把脚本内容贴上。

#!/bin/sh
set -e
# This script is meant for quick & easy install via:
#   $ curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
#   $ sh get-docker.sh
#
# For test builds (ie. release candidates):
#   $ curl -fsSL test.docker.com -o test-docker.sh
#   $ sh test-docker.sh
#
# NOTE: Make sure to verify the contents of the script
#       you downloaded matches the contents of install.sh
#       located at https://github.com/docker/docker-install
#       before executing.
#
# Git commit from https://github.com/docker/docker-install when
# the script was uploaded (Should only be modified by upload job):
SCRIPT_COMMIT_SHA=e749601

# This value will automatically get changed for:
#   * edge
#   * test
#   * experimental
DEFAULT_CHANNEL_VALUE="edge"
if [ -z "$CHANNEL" ]; then
	CHANNEL=$DEFAULT_CHANNEL_VALUE
fi
DEFAULT_DOWNLOAD_URL="https://download.docker.com"
if [ -z "$DOWNLOAD_URL" ]; then
	DOWNLOAD_URL=$DEFAULT_DOWNLOAD_URL
fi
SUPPORT_MAP="
x86_64-centos-7
x86_64-fedora-26
x86_64-fedora-27
x86_64-debian-wheezy
x86_64-debian-jessie
x86_64-debian-stretch
x86_64-debian-buster
x86_64-ubuntu-trusty
x86_64-ubuntu-xenial
x86_64-ubuntu-artful
s390x-ubuntu-xenial
s390x-ubuntu-artful
ppc64le-ubuntu-xenial
ppc64le-ubuntu-artful
aarch64-ubuntu-xenial
aarch64-debian-jessie
aarch64-debian-stretch
aarch64-fedora-26
aarch64-fedora-27
aarch64-centos-7
armv6l-raspbian-jessie
armv7l-raspbian-jessie
armv6l-raspbian-stretch
armv7l-raspbian-stretch
armv7l-debian-jessie
armv7l-debian-stretch
armv7l-debian-buster
armv7l-ubuntu-trusty
armv7l-ubuntu-xenial
armv7l-ubuntu-artful
"
mirror=''
DRY_RUN=${DRY_RUN:-}
while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
	case "$1" in
		--mirror)
			mirror="$2"
			shift
			;;
		--dry-run)
			DRY_RUN=1
			;;
		--*)
			echo "Illegal option $1"
			;;
	esac
	shift $(( $# > 0 ? 1 : 0 ))
done
case "$mirror" in
	Aliyun)
		DOWNLOAD_URL="https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce"
		;;
	AzureChinaCloud)
		DOWNLOAD_URL="https://mirror.azure.cn/docker-ce"
		;;
esac
command_exists() {
	command -v "$@" > /dev/null 2>&1
}
is_dry_run() {
	if [ -z "$DRY_RUN" ]; then
		return 1
	else
		return 0
	fi
}
deprecation_notice() {
	distro=$1
	date=$2
	echo
	echo "DEPRECATION WARNING:"
	echo "    The distribution, $distro, will no longer be supported in this script as of $date."
	echo "    If you feel this is a mistake please submit an issue at https://github.com/docker/docker-install/issues/new"
	echo
	sleep 10
}
get_distribution() {
	lsb_dist=""
	# Every system that we officially support has /etc/os-release
	if [ -r /etc/os-release ]; then
		lsb_dist="$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$ID")"
	fi
	# Returning an empty string here should be alright since the
	# case statements don't act unless you provide an actual value
	echo "$lsb_dist"
}
add_debian_backport_repo() {
	debian_version="$1"
	backports="deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian $debian_version-backports main"
	if ! grep -Fxq "$backports" /etc/apt/sources.list; then
		(set -x; $sh_c "echo \"$backports\" >> /etc/apt/sources.list")
	fi
}
echo_docker_as_nonroot() {
	if is_dry_run; then
		return
	fi
	if command_exists docker && [ -e /var/run/docker.sock ]; then
		(
			set -x
			$sh_c 'docker version'
		) || true
	fi
	your_user=your-user
	[ "$user" != 'root' ] && your_user="$user"
	# intentionally mixed spaces and tabs here -- tabs are stripped by "<<-EOF", spaces are kept in the output
	echo "If you would like to use Docker as a non-root user, you should now consider"
	echo "adding your user to the \"docker\" group with something like:"
	echo
	echo "  sudo usermod -aG docker $your_user"
	echo
	echo "Remember that you will have to log out and back in for this to take effect!"
	echo
	echo "WARNING: Adding a user to the \"docker\" group will grant the ability to run"
	echo "         containers which can be used to obtain root privileges on the"
	echo "         docker host."
	echo "         Refer to https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/security/#docker-daemon-attack-surface"
	echo "         for more information."
}
# Check if this is a forked Linux distro
check_forked() {
	# Check for lsb_release command existence, it usually exists in forked distros
	if command_exists lsb_release; then
		# Check if the `-u` option is supported
		set +e
		lsb_release -a -u > /dev/null 2>&1
		lsb_release_exit_code=$?
		set -e
		# Check if the command has exited successfully, it means we're in a forked distro
		if [ "$lsb_release_exit_code" = "0" ]; then
			# Print info about current distro
			cat <<-EOF
			You're using '$lsb_dist' version '$dist_version'.
			EOF
			# Get the upstream release info
			lsb_dist=$(lsb_release -a -u 2>&1 | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | grep -E 'id' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d '[:space:]')
			dist_version=$(lsb_release -a -u 2>&1 | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | grep -E 'codename' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d '[:space:]')
			# Print info about upstream distro
			cat <<-EOF
			Upstream release is '$lsb_dist' version '$dist_version'.
			EOF
		else
			if [ -r /etc/debian_version ] && [ "$lsb_dist" != "ubuntu" ] && [ "$lsb_dist" != "raspbian" ]; then
				if [ "$lsb_dist" = "osmc" ]; then
					# OSMC runs Raspbian
					lsb_dist=raspbian
				else
					# We're Debian and don't even know it!
					lsb_dist=debian
				fi
				dist_version="$(sed 's/\/.*//' /etc/debian_version | sed 's/\..*//')"
				case "$dist_version" in
					9)
						dist_version="stretch"
					;;
					8|'Kali Linux 2')
						dist_version="jessie"
					;;
					7)
						dist_version="wheezy"
					;;
				esac
			fi
		fi
	fi
}
semverParse() {
	major="${1%%.*}"
	minor="${1#$major.}"
	minor="${minor%%.*}"
	patch="${1#$major.$minor.}"
	patch="${patch%%[-.]*}"
}
ee_notice() {
	echo
	echo
	echo "  WARNING: $1 is now only supported by Docker EE"
	echo "           Check https://store.docker.com for information on Docker EE"
	echo
	echo
}
do_install() {
	echo "# Executing docker install script, commit: $SCRIPT_COMMIT_SHA"
	if command_exists docker; then
		docker_version="$(docker -v | cut -d ' ' -f3 | cut -d ',' -f1)"
		MAJOR_W=1
		MINOR_W=10
		semverParse "$docker_version"
		shouldWarn=0
		if [ "$major" -lt "$MAJOR_W" ]; then
			shouldWarn=1
		fi
		if [ "$major" -le "$MAJOR_W" ] && [ "$minor" -lt "$MINOR_W" ]; then
			shouldWarn=1
		fi
		cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
			Warning: the "docker" command appears to already exist on this system.
			If you already have Docker installed, this script can cause trouble, which is
			why we're displaying this warning and provide the opportunity to cancel the
			installation.
			If you installed the current Docker package using this script and are using it
		EOF
		if [ $shouldWarn -eq 1 ]; then
			cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
			again to update Docker, we urge you to migrate your image store before upgrading
			to v1.10+.
			You can find instructions for this here:
			https://github.com/docker/docker/wiki/Engine-v1.10.0-content-addressability-migration
			EOF
		else
			cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
			again to update Docker, you can safely ignore this message.
			EOF
		fi
		cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
			You may press Ctrl+C now to abort this script.
		EOF
		( set -x; sleep 20 )
	fi
	user="$(id -un 2>/dev/null || true)"
	sh_c='sh -c'
	if [ "$user" != 'root' ]; then
		if command_exists sudo; then
			sh_c='sudo -E sh -c'
		elif command_exists su; then
			sh_c='su -c'
		else
			cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
			Error: this installer needs the ability to run commands as root.
			We are unable to find either "sudo" or "su" available to make this happen.
			EOF
			exit 1
		fi
	fi
	if is_dry_run; then
		sh_c="echo"
	fi
	# perform some very rudimentary platform detection
	lsb_dist=$( get_distribution )
	lsb_dist="$(echo "$lsb_dist" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')"
	case "$lsb_dist" in
		ubuntu)
			if command_exists lsb_release; then
				dist_version="$(lsb_release --codename | cut -f2)"
			fi
			if [ -z "$dist_version" ] && [ -r /etc/lsb-release ]; then
				dist_version="$(. /etc/lsb-release && echo "$DISTRIB_CODENAME")"
			fi
		;;
		debian|raspbian)
			dist_version="$(sed 's/\/.*//' /etc/debian_version | sed 's/\..*//')"
			case "$dist_version" in
				9)
					dist_version="stretch"
				;;
				8)
					dist_version="jessie"
				;;
				7)
					dist_version="wheezy"
				;;
			esac
		;;
		centos)
			if [ -z "$dist_version" ] && [ -r /etc/os-release ]; then
				dist_version="$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_ID")"
			fi
		;;
		rhel|ol|sles)
			ee_notice "$lsb_dist"
			exit 1
			;;
		*)
			if command_exists lsb_release; then
				dist_version="$(lsb_release --release | cut -f2)"
			fi
			if [ -z "$dist_version" ] && [ -r /etc/os-release ]; then
				dist_version="$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_ID")"
			fi
		;;
	esac
	# Check if this is a forked Linux distro
	check_forked
	# Check if we actually support this configuration
	if ! echo "$SUPPORT_MAP" | grep "$(uname -m)-$lsb_dist-$dist_version" >/dev/null; then
		cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
		Either your platform is not easily detectable or is not supported by this
		installer script.
		Please visit the following URL for more detailed installation instructions:
		https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/
		EOF
		exit 1
	fi
	# Run setup for each distro accordingly
	case "$lsb_dist" in
		ubuntu|debian|raspbian)
			pre_reqs="apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl"
			if [ "$lsb_dist" = "debian" ]; then
				if [ "$dist_version" = "wheezy" ]; then
					add_debian_backport_repo "$dist_version"
				fi
				# libseccomp2 does not exist for debian jessie main repos for aarch64
				if [ "$(uname -m)" = "aarch64" ] && [ "$dist_version" = "jessie" ]; then
					add_debian_backport_repo "$dist_version"
				fi
			fi
			# TODO: August 31, 2018 delete from here,
			if [ "$lsb_dist" =  "ubuntu" ] && [ "$dist_version" = "artful" ]; then
				deprecation_notice "$lsb_dist $dist_version" "August 31, 2018"
			fi
			# TODO: August 31, 2018 delete to here,
			if ! command -v gpg > /dev/null; then
				pre_reqs="$pre_reqs gnupg"
			fi
			apt_repo="deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] $DOWNLOAD_URL/linux/$lsb_dist $dist_version $CHANNEL"
			(
				if ! is_dry_run; then
					set -x
				fi
				$sh_c 'apt-get update -qq >/dev/null'
				$sh_c "apt-get install -y -qq $pre_reqs >/dev/null"
				$sh_c "curl -fsSL \"$DOWNLOAD_URL/linux/$lsb_dist/gpg\" | apt-key add -qq - >/dev/null"
				$sh_c "echo \"$apt_repo\" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"
				if [ "$lsb_dist" = "debian" ] && [ "$dist_version" = "wheezy" ]; then
					$sh_c 'sed -i "/deb-src.*download\.docker/d" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list'
				fi
				$sh_c 'apt-get update -qq >/dev/null'
			)
			pkg_version=""
			if [ ! -z "$VERSION" ]; then
				if is_dry_run; then
					echo "# WARNING: VERSION pinning is not supported in DRY_RUN"
				else
					# Will work for incomplete versions IE (17.12), but may not actually grab the "latest" if in the test channel
					pkg_pattern="$(echo "$VERSION" | sed "s/-ce-/~ce~.*/g" | sed "s/-/.*/g").*-0~$lsb_dist"
					search_command="apt-cache madison 'docker-ce' | grep '$pkg_pattern' | head -1 | cut -d' ' -f 4"
					pkg_version="$($sh_c "$search_command")"
					echo "INFO: Searching repository for VERSION '$VERSION'"
					echo "INFO: $search_command"
					if [ -z "$pkg_version" ]; then
						echo
						echo "ERROR: '$VERSION' not found amongst apt-cache madison results"
						echo
						exit 1
					fi
					pkg_version="=$pkg_version"
				fi
			fi
			(
				if ! is_dry_run; then
					set -x
				fi
				$sh_c "apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends docker-ce$pkg_version >/dev/null"
			)
			echo_docker_as_nonroot
			exit 0
			;;
		centos|fedora)
			yum_repo="$DOWNLOAD_URL/linux/$lsb_dist/docker-ce.repo"
			if [ "$lsb_dist" = "fedora" ]; then
				if [ "$dist_version" -lt "26" ]; then
					echo "Error: Only Fedora >=26 are supported"
					exit 1
				fi
				pkg_manager="dnf"
				config_manager="dnf config-manager"
				enable_channel_flag="--set-enabled"
				pre_reqs="dnf-plugins-core"
				pkg_suffix="fc$dist_version"
			else
				pkg_manager="yum"
				config_manager="yum-config-manager"
				enable_channel_flag="--enable"
				pre_reqs="yum-utils"
				pkg_suffix="el"
			fi
			(
				if ! is_dry_run; then
					set -x
				fi
				$sh_c "$pkg_manager install -y -q $pre_reqs"
				$sh_c "$config_manager --add-repo $yum_repo"
				if [ "$CHANNEL" != "stable" ]; then
					$sh_c "$config_manager $enable_channel_flag docker-ce-$CHANNEL"
				fi
				$sh_c "$pkg_manager makecache"
			)
			pkg_version=""
			if [ ! -z "$VERSION" ]; then
				if is_dry_run; then
					echo "# WARNING: VERSION pinning is not supported in DRY_RUN"
				else
					pkg_pattern="$(echo "$VERSION" | sed "s/-ce-/\\\\.ce.*/g" | sed "s/-/.*/g").*$pkg_suffix"
					search_command="$pkg_manager list --showduplicates 'docker-ce' | grep '$pkg_pattern' | tail -1 | awk '{print \$2}'"
					pkg_version="$($sh_c "$search_command")"
					echo "INFO: Searching repository for VERSION '$VERSION'"
					echo "INFO: $search_command"
					if [ -z "$pkg_version" ]; then
						echo
						echo "ERROR: '$VERSION' not found amongst $pkg_manager list results"
						echo
						exit 1
					fi
					# Cut out the epoch and prefix with a '-'
					pkg_version="-$(echo "$pkg_version" | cut -d':' -f 2)"
				fi
			fi
			(
				if ! is_dry_run; then
					set -x
				fi
				$sh_c "$pkg_manager install -y -q docker-ce$pkg_version"
			)
			echo_docker_as_nonroot
			exit 0
			;;
	esac
	exit 1
}
# wrapped up in a function so that we have some protection against only getting
# half the file during "curl | sh"
do_install

docker安装方式：

vim get-docker.sh    //创建 get-docker.sh 脚本，把上面的脚本内容贴进去，然后保存退出。

sh get-docker.sh --mirrot Aliyun     //使用刚刚创建的脚本进行安装

然后坐等安装完成。

安装完成后启动docker
systemctl start docker           //启动docker
systemctl enable docker        //设置开机启动docker

如果启动成功，则可用如下命令查看运行中的容器（刚开始是没有容器的）：
docker ps                              //查看运行的容器（刚开始是没有容器的）

为了方便下载镜像，可以自己配置镜像源为阿里云的镜像源，方法如下：

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json       //创建daemon.json文件

将如下内容写入文件，然后保存退出，并重启docker

{
    "insecure-registries": ["aegis-paas.aliyun.com:5000","aegis-saas.aliyun.com:5000","aegis-inner.aliyun.com:5000","aegis-base.aliyun.com:5000"],
    "registry-mirrors":    ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}

重启docker

systemctl restart docker            //重启docker
docker ps                                   //查看运行的容器
docker -v                                    //查看docker 版本

docker 常用命令

docker images                      //查看当前服务器所有镜像
docker ps                          //查看当前服务器正在运行的容器
docker ps -a                       //查看当前服务器所有容器
docker exec -it 容器ID /bin/bash   //进入指定容器
exit                               //退出容器
docker rm 容器ID                   //删除指定容器
docker rmi 镜像ID                  //删除指定镜像，正在使用的容器的镜像不能删除
docker save 镜像ID > 镜像名.tar     //打包指定镜像为 镜像名.tar
docker load < 镜像名.tar           //加载指定镜像压缩包
docker tag 源镜像ID 镜像名[:tag]    //为指定镜像打标签