“最美天气”版本II

抓取实时天气前需要首先获得所有地区的cityCode，因为在最后queryWeather的时候需要传递这个参数。

最美天气获取全部cityCode及cityName的方法：

1.获取34个省及直辖市的cityCode、cityName
  http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/myCity  form:flg=0  json:proviceList

2.根据proviceList里的cityCode和cityName获取各省及直辖市cityList
  http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/getCity  form:cityCode cityName json:cityList

3.根据cityList里的cityCode和cityName获取地级市cityList
  http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/getCity  form:cityCode cityName json:cityList

程序功能基本上实现了，第一次运行时缺少"zuimei_cities.db"需要抓取，会耗费比较长的时间。

再次运行的时候就非常的快了。博客好像不可以上传附件，就算了。

程序运行截图如下：

最后附上程序代码：

import requests
import pickle

"""
    利用“最美天气”抓取即时天气情况

    @author likui_911@163.com

"""

class ZuiMei():
    def __init__(self):
        # Content-Type在这里非常关键，一定要设定
        self.headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/48.0.2564.82 Safari/537.36',
            'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
            'Accept': 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
            'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
            'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8'
        }
        self.zuimei_cities = {}
        try:
            # 判断zuimei_cities文件是否存在，不存在则初始化生成
            with open('zuimei_cities.db', 'rb') as f:
                self.zuimei_cities = pickle.load(f)
        except FileNotFoundError:
            print('初始化中，请耐心等待程序运行...')
            with open('zuimei_cities.db', 'wb') as f:
                self.zuimei_cities = self.initial_cities()
                pickle.dump(self.zuimei_cities, f)
                print('初始化完成，可以正常使用了')

    def get_city(self, cityCode, cityName):
        """
            返回省市下级区县城市列表
        """
        city_url = "http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/getCity"
        req_data = {}
        req_data['cityCode'] = cityCode
        req_data['cityName'] = cityName
        r = requests.post(city_url, data=req_data, headers=self.headers)
        my_cities = r.json()
        return my_cities['cityList']

    def query_weather(self, cityCode):
        """
            返回当前区域的天气字典
            actual  实时天气
            forecast 预报
            air 空气情况
        """
        weather_url = "http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/queryWeather"
        req_data = {}
        req_data['cityCode'] = cityCode
        r = requests.post(weather_url, data=req_data, headers=self.headers)
        current_weather = r.json()
        return current_weather['data'][0]

    def my_city(self):
        """
            返回省、直辖市列表
        """
        province_url = "http://www.zuimeitianqi.com/zuimei/myCity"
        req_data = {"flg": "0"}
        r = requests.post(province_url, data=req_data, headers=self.headers)
        my_cities = r.json()
        return my_cities['provinceList']

    def initial_cities(self):
        """
            初始化生成cityName：cityCode字典
        """
        zuimei_cities = {}
        # 获取省市直辖市
        provinces = self.my_city()
        for province in provinces:
            cityCode = province['cityCode']
            cityName = province['cityName']
            # 获取地级市
            cities = self.get_city(cityCode, cityName)
            for each_city in cities:
                cityCode = each_city['cityCode']
                cityName = each_city['cityName']
                # 获取县级地区
                counties = self.get_city(cityCode, cityName)
                for each_county in counties:
                    cityCode = each_county['cityCode']
                    cityName = each_county['cityName']
                    zuimei_cities[cityName] = [cityCode]
        return zuimei_cities

    def query(self, cityName):
        """
            根据用户输入的cityName，获得实时的天气
        """
        if cityName not in self.zuimei_cities:
            print('地区不存在，请检查输入')
        else:
            cityCode = self.zuimei_cities[cityName]
            weather = self.query_weather(cityCode)
            actual = weather['actual']
            print('%s: %s℃～%s℃ %s' % (cityName, actual['high'], actual['low'], actual['desc']))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    zuimei = ZuiMei()
    zuimei.query('香港')