Linux中磁盘mbr分区——实践篇

Linux中磁盘mbr分区——实践篇

fdisk命令

语法

fdisk(选项)(参数)

选项

-b <分区大小>  	指定每个分区的大小
-l    				列出分区表信息
-v                            显示版本信息

参数

设备文件：例如/dev/sda

实例

选择要操作的磁盘：

[root@vathe ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb

输入m可列出可以执行的命令：

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition               # 删除分区
   l   list known partition types       # 显示已知的分区类型
   m   print this menu                  # 显示帮助菜单
   n   add a new partition              # 添加分区
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table        # 查看分区表
   q   quit without saving changes      # 不保存退胡
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id   # 该表分区的系统id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit     # 保存分区并退出
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

查看分区表：

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x48283ee0

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

新建分区表：

Command action                  #选择新增分区类型
   e   extended                     #扩展分区
   p   primary partition (1-4)      #主分区
p           // 键入p
Partition number (1-4): 1       // 键入1
First cylinder (1-1305, default 1): # 选择分区起点柱面
Using default value 1       //选择默认1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1305, default 1305): +1G       #设置分区大小1G,+表示往起点后添加，-表示往起点前添加分区

查看确认分区创建成功：

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes    # 磁盘总大小 10.7GB
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders  # 255个磁头，每个磁道63个扇区，1305个圆柱面
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x48283ee0

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1         132     1060258+  83  Linux

再建立一个扩展分区

Command (m for help): n
Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e Partition number (1-4): 4 # 分区号 First cylinder (133-1305, default 133): 900
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (900-1305, default 1305): +500M # 扩展分区500M

在扩展分区中创建逻辑分区

Command (m for help): n

Command action

l logical (5 or over)

p primary partition (1-4) l

First cylinder (900-964, default 900):

Using default value 900 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (900-964, default 964): +100M  # 逻辑分区100M

查看分区列表

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x48283ee0

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1         132     1060258+  83  Linux
/dev/sdb4             900         964      522112+   5  Extended
/dev/sdb5             900         913      112423+  83  Linux

保存退出

Command (m for help): w             # 保存退出
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

查看

[root@vathe ~]#lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0     11:0    1   3.7G  0 rom
sda      8:0    0   200G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    0   200M  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0    20G  0 part /data
├─sda3   8:3    0    10G  0 part /home
├─sda4   8:4    0     1K  0 part
├─sda5   8:5    0     2G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda6   8:6    0 167.8G  0 part /
sdb      8:16   0    10G  0 disk     # 显示分区成功
├─sdb1   8:17   0     1G  0 part
├─sdb4   8:20   0     1K  0 part
└─sdb5   8:21   0 109.8M  0 part

分区成功，当然，要使用磁盘，还需要进行两部操作，才能使用磁盘——将磁盘挂载在具体目录（或文件），和对个分区进行格式化。