【树莓派】 Failed to fetch http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org/raspbian/pool/main/c/chkconfig/chkconfig_11.4.54.60.1debian1_all.deb Could not resolve 'mirrordirector.raspbian.org'

在安装chkconfig的过程中，遇到如下问题：

haochuang@raspberrypi:~/webapp $ sudo apt-get install chkconfig
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
chkconfig
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 9,766 B of archives.
After this operation, 59.4 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Err http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org/raspbian/ jessie/main chkconfig all 11.4.54.60.1debian1
Could not resolve 'mirrordirector.raspbian.org'
E: Failed to fetch http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org/raspbian/pool/main/c/chkconfig/chkconfig_11.4.54.60.1debian1_all.deb Could not resolve 'mirrordirector.raspbian.org'

E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

lifeccp@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt-get install chkconfig --fix-missing
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
chkconfig
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 9,766 B of archives.
After this operation, 59.4 kB of additional disk space will be used.
WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated!
chkconfig
Install these packages without verification? [y/N] y
Err http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org/raspbian/ jessie/main chkconfig all 11.4.54.60.1debian1
404 Not Found
E: Failed to fetch http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org/raspbian/pool/main/c/chkconfig/chkconfig_11.4.54.60.1debian1_all.deb 404 Not Found

E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

可以尝试按照如下方式去解决：

1、修改源地址：

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

加入如下内容：

#中科大：
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse

#比较快的源：

#搜狐源：
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#网易源：
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#163镜像站点
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main multiverse restricted universe

添加完成之后保存，且sudo apt-get update，更新成功

更新看看速度：



sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

在Ubuntu官方提供了源列表，可以参考：http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/源列表

另外，下面附上一些常用的apt-get相关操作

apt-cache search package 搜索包
apt-cache show package 获取包的相关信息，如说明、大小、版本等
sudo apt-get install package 安装包
sudo apt-get install package – - reinstall 重新安装包
sudo apt-get -f install 修复安装”-f = ——fix-missing”
sudo apt-get remove package 删除包
sudo apt-get remove package – - purge 删除包，包括删除配置文件等
sudo apt-get update 更新源
sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安装的包
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升级系统
sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade 使用 dselect 升级
apt-cache depends package 了解使用依赖
apt-cache rdepends package 是查看该包被哪些包依赖
sudo apt-get build-dep package 安装相关的编译环境
apt-get source package 下载该包的源代码
sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean 清理无用的包
sudo apt-get check 检查是否有损坏的依赖

其中：
 有SUDO的表示需要管理员特权！
 在UBUNTU中命令后面参数为短参数是用“-”引出，长参数用“——”引出
 命令帮助信息可用man 命令的方式查看或者命令 -H（——help）方式查看
 在MAN命令中需要退出命令帮助请按“q”键！！

选项 含义 作用
sudo -h Help 列出使用方法，退出。
sudo -V Version 显示版本信息，并退出。
sudo -l List 列出当前用户可以执行的命令。只有在sudoers里的用户才能使用该选项。
sudo -u username|#uid User 以指定用户的身份执行命令。后面的用户是除root以外的，可以是用户名，也可以是#uid。
sudo -k Kill 清除“入场卷”上的时间，下次再使用sudo时要再输入密码。
sudo -K Sure kill 与-k类似，但是它还要撕毁“入场卷”，也就是删除时间戳文件。
sudo -b command Background 在后台执行指定的命令。
sudo -p prompt command Prompt 可以更改询问密码的提示语，其中%u会代换为使用者帐号名称，%h会显示主机名称。非常人性化的设计。
sudo -e file Edit 不是执行命令，而是修改文件，相当于命令sudoedit。

sudo sed -i '$a deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian/ wheezy main contrib non-free rpi' /etc/apt/sources.list
cat /etc/apt/sources.list