服务器端升级为select模型处理多客户端

流程图：

select会定时的查询socket查询有没有新的网络连接，有没有新的数据需要读，有没有新的请求需要处理，一旦有新的数据需要处理，select就会返回，然后我们就可以处理相应的数据，select一旦没有数据，我们就可以处理其他数据，使用select可以进行阻塞掉网络数据，还可以将服务端解放出来，处理其他事情。

服务端代码：

#include<WinSock2.h>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<vector>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>

#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")

enum CMD { CMD_Login, CMD_Login_Result, CMD_Logout, CMD_Logout_Result, CMD_ERROR };

//包头
struct DataHeader
{
    short dataLength;
    short cmd;
};
//包体
struct Login:public DataHeader
{
    Login()
    {
        dataLength = sizeof(Login);
        cmd = CMD_Login;
    }
    char username[];
    char password[];
};

struct LoginResult :public DataHeader
{
    LoginResult()
    {
        dataLength = sizeof(LoginResult);
        cmd = CMD_Login_Result;
        result = ;
    }
    int result;
};

struct Logout :public DataHeader
{
    Logout()
    {
        dataLength = sizeof(Logout);
        cmd = CMD_Logout;
    }
    char username[];
};

struct LogoutResult :public DataHeader
{
    LogoutResult()
    {
        dataLength = sizeof(LogoutResult);
        cmd = CMD_Logout_Result;
        result = ;
    }
    int result;
};

std::vector<SOCKET> g_client;

int process_solve(SOCKET _cSOCK)
{
    //增加一个缓冲区
    char szRecv[] = {};
    //5.接收客户端新数据
    int nLen = recv(_cSOCK, szRecv, sizeof(DataHeader), );
    DataHeader *header = (DataHeader*)szRecv;

    if (nLen <= )
    {
        printf("客户端已退出！任务结束！");
        return -;
    }
    switch (header->cmd){
    case CMD_Login:
    {
        recv(_cSOCK, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), );
        Login *login = (Login*)szRecv;
        printf("收到命令:CMD_Login,数据长度：%d\nUserName:%s\nPassWord:%s\n", login->dataLength, login->username, login->password);
        //忽略判断用户密码是否正确的过程
        LoginResult ret;
        send(_cSOCK, (char *)&ret, sizeof(LoginResult), ); //再发消息体

    }
    case CMD_Logout:
    {

        recv(_cSOCK, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), );
        Logout* logout = (Logout*)szRecv;
        printf("收到命令:CMD_Logout,数据长度：%d\nUserName:%s\n", logout->dataLength, logout->username);

        //忽略判断用户密码是否正确的过程
        LogoutResult let;
        send(_cSOCK, (char *)&let, sizeof(let), ); //再发消息体
    }
        break;
    default:
    {
               DataHeader header = {  };
               send(_cSOCK, (char *)&header.cmd, sizeof(header), );
    }

        break;
    }
}

int main()
{

    WORD ver = MAKEWORD(, );
    WSADATA dat;
    //WinSocket启动
    WSAStartup(ver, &dat);

    //1、建立一个socket
    SOCKET _sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); //AF_INET创建一个IPV4的套接字,SOCK_STREAM面向数据流的,IPPROTO_TCP TCP
    if (INVALID_SOCKET == _sock)
    {
        printf("ERROR:建立失败！\n");
    }
    //2.绑定
    sockaddr_in _sin = {};     //创建网络地址
    _sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    _sin.sin_port = htons(); //Host to Network Short
    _sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); // IP地址
    if (bind(_sock, (sockaddr *)&_sin, sizeof(_sin)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("ERROR:绑定失败！\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("服务器端绑定成功......\n");
    }
    //3.监听网络端口
    if (listen(_sock, ) == SOCKET_ERROR)//第二个参数为最大等待多少人可以同时连接
    {
        printf("ERROR:监听失败！\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("服务器端监听成功......\n");
    }

    while ()
    {
        //伯克利 socket
        fd_set fd_Read;
        fd_set fd_Write;
        fd_set fd_Exp;

        FD_ZERO(&fd_Read);//FD_ZERO 清空集合里的数据
        FD_ZERO(&fd_Write);
        FD_ZERO(&fd_Exp);

        FD_SET(_sock, &fd_Read);//FD_SET 可以进行操作的宏
        FD_SET(_sock, &fd_Write);
        FD_SET(_sock, &fd_Exp);

        for (int n = g_client.size() - ; n >= ; n--)
        {
            FD_SET(g_client[n], &fd_Read);
        }

        /*
        select(
            _In_ int nfds,
            _Inout_opt_ fd_set FAR * readfds,
            _Inout_opt_ fd_set FAR * writefds,
            _Inout_opt_ fd_set FAR * exceptfds,
            _In_opt_ const struct timeval FAR * timeout
        );
        */

        //nfds是一个整数值，是指fd_set集合所有的描述符（select里的第一个参数）的范围（而不是数量）
        //既是所有文件描述符最大值+1
        int ret = select(_sock + , &fd_Read, &fd_Write, &fd_Exp, NULL);
        if (ret < )
        {
            printf("select任务结束！\n");
            break;
        }
        if (FD_ISSET(_sock, &fd_Read))
        {
            FD_CLR(_sock, &fd_Read);
            //4.等待接收客户端连接
            sockaddr_in clientAddr = {};
            int nAddrLen = sizeof(sockaddr_in);
            SOCKET _cSOCK = INVALID_SOCKET;

            _cSOCK = accept(_sock, (sockaddr *)&clientAddr, &nAddrLen);
            if (_cSOCK == INVALID_SOCKET)
            {
                printf("ERROR:无效客户端SOCKET！\n");
            }
            g_client.push_back(_cSOCK);
            printf("新客户端加入：Socket=%d,IP = %s\n", (int)_cSOCK, inet_ntoa(clientAddr.sin_addr));//inet_ntoa(clientAddr.sin_addr)将接收到的IP地址转化为字符串

        }

        for (int n = ; n < fd_Read.fd_count; n++)
        {
            if (process_solve(fd_Read.fd_array[n]) == -)
            {
                auto iter = find(g_client.begin(), g_client.end(), process_solve(fd_Read.fd_array[n]));
                if (iter != g_client.end())
                {
                    g_client.erase(iter);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    for (int n = g_client.size(); n >= ; n--)
    {
        //8.关闭自身的socket
        closesocket(g_client[n]);
    }

    //8.关闭自身的socket
    closesocket(_sock);

    //WinSocket关闭
    WSACleanup();

    system("pause");
    return ;
}

客户端代码：

#include<WinSock2.h>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<stdio.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")

enum CMD { CMD_Login, CMD_Login_Result, CMD_Logout, CMD_Logout_Result, CMD_ERROR };

//包头
struct DataHeader
{
    short dataLength;
    short cmd;
};
//包体
struct Login :public DataHeader
{
    Login()
    {
        dataLength = sizeof(Login);
        cmd = CMD_Login;
    }
    char username[];
    char password[];
};

struct LoginResult :public DataHeader
{
    LoginResult()
    {
        dataLength = sizeof(LoginResult);
        cmd = CMD_Login_Result;
        result = ;
    }
    int result;
};

struct Logout :public DataHeader
{
    Logout()
    {
        dataLength = sizeof(Logout);
        cmd = CMD_Logout;
    }
    char username[];
};

struct LogoutResult :public DataHeader
{
    LogoutResult()
    {
        dataLength = sizeof(LogoutResult);
        cmd = CMD_Logout_Result;
        result = ;
    }
    int result;
};

int main()
{
    WORD ver = MAKEWORD(, );
    WSADATA dat;
    WSAStartup(ver, &dat);

    //1.建立一个socket
    SOCKET _sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (INVALID_SOCKET == _sock)
    {
        printf("ERROR:建立失败！\n");
    }
    else{
        printf("客户端绑定成功......\n");
    }
    //2.连接服务器
    sockaddr_in _sin = {};     //创建网络地址
    _sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    _sin.sin_port = htons(); //Host to Network Short
    _sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); // IP地址
    int ret = connect(_sock, (sockaddr *)&_sin, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
    if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
    {
        printf("ERROR:连接失败！\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("客户端连接成功......\n");
    }

    while (true)
    {
        //3.输入请求命令
        char cmdBuff[] = {};
        scanf("%s", cmdBuff);
        //4.处理请求命令
        if ( == strcmp(cmdBuff, "exit"))
        {
            printf("收到exit命令，已退出1");
            break;
        }
        else if ( == strcmp(cmdBuff, "login")){
            Login login;
            strcpy(login.username, "sutaoyu01");
            strcpy(login.password, "sutaoyu01");

            //5.向服务器发送请求命令
            send(_sock, (const char*)&login, sizeof(login), );

            //接收服务器返回的数据
            LoginResult resulrtRet = {};
            recv(_sock, (char*)&resulrtRet, sizeof(resulrtRet), );
            printf("LoginResult:%d\n", resulrtRet.result);
        }
        else if ( == strcmp(cmdBuff, "logout")){
            Logout logout;
            strcpy(logout.username, "sutaoyu01");
            //5.向服务器发送请求命令
            send(_sock, (const char*)&logout, sizeof(logout), );
            //接收服务器返回的数据
            LogoutResult resultRet = {};
            recv(_sock, (char*)&resultRet, sizeof(resultRet), );
            printf("LogoutResult:%d\n", resultRet.result);
        }
        else{
            printf("不支持的命令，请重新输入！");
        }
    }

    //7.关闭套接字
    closesocket(_sock);

    //WinSocket启动
    WSAStartup(ver, &dat);

    //WinSocket关闭
    WSACleanup();
    printf("已退出!");
    getchar();
    return ;
}