Web测试介绍一 UI测试

       随着Web 2.0技术的迅速发展，许多公司都开发了一些基于Web的网站服务，通常在设计开发Web应用系统的时候很难模拟出大量用户同时访问系统的实际情况，因此，当Web网站遇到访问高峰时，容易发生服务器响应速度变慢甚至服务中断。为了避免这种情况，需要一种能够真实模拟大量用户访问Web应用系统的性能测试工具进行压力测试，来测试静态HTML页面的响应时间，甚至测试动态网页（包括ASP、PHP、JSP等）的响应时间，为服务器的性能优化和调整提供数据依据。

常见的Web应用程序过程：

关键的Web应用程序测试点：

(i)  Functionality
(ii)  Usability
(iii) Browser compatibility
(iv) Security
(v)  Load and stress
(vi) Storage and Database

功能测试。我们不多说了。

UI测试

    UI测试的目的1是确保用户界面会通过测试对象的功能来为用户提供相应的访问或浏览功能。确保用户界面符合公司或行业的标准。通过用户界面 (UI) 测试来核实用户与软件的交互。UI 测试的目标在于确保用户界面向用户提供了适当的访问和浏览测试对象功能的操作。除此之外，UI 测试还要确保 UI 功能内部的对象符合预期要求，并遵循公司或行业的标准。

导航测试：

    导航描述了用户在一个页面内操作的方式，在不同的用户接口控制之间，例如按钮、对话框、列表和窗口等；或在不同的连接页面之间。通过考虑下列问题，可以决定一个Web应用系统是否易于导航：导航是否直观？Web系统的主要部分是否可通过主页存取？Web系统是否需要站点地图、搜索引擎或其他的导航帮助？在一个页面上放太多的信息往往起到与预期相反的效果。Web应用系统的用户趋向于目的驱动，很快地扫描一个Web应用系统，看是否有满足自己需要的信息，如果没有，就会很快地离开。很少有用户愿意花时间去熟悉Web应用系统的结构，因此，Web应用系统导航帮助要尽可能地准确。
    导航的另一个重要方面是Web应用系统的页面结构、导航、菜单、连接的风格是否一致。确保用户凭直觉就知道Web应用系统里面是否还有内容，内容在什么地方。Web应用系统的层次一旦决定，就要着手测试用户导航功能，让最终用户参与这种测试，效果将更加明显。

如下测试用例示例：

表单(Form)测试

示例form：

测试用例如下：

 

UI测试CheckList

Hyperlinks
1. Are the links meaningful?
2. Are there any broken links?
3. Do all internal links work correctly?
4. Do all external links work properly?
5. Are all links to external sites in the website tested?
6. Are images correctly hyperlinked?
7. Can the user navigate using text only?
8. Does every hyperlink exist on the site map?
9. Are the hyperlinks’ colours standard?
10. Does the link bring the user to the correct web page?

Tables
11. Are the columns wide enough or the text wraps around the rows?
12. Are the row and columns headings of tables appropriate?
13. Are the complex tables broken down into simpler ones, wherever required?
14. Does the user have to scroll right constantly in order to see the contents in a table?
15. Are table captions meaningful?

Frames
16. Is every frame associated with a title?
17. Can the user resize the frame?
18. Is the frame size appropriate?
19. Does the horizontal and vertical scrollbar appear wherever required?
20. Does any frame handling mechanism exist for browsers tha do not support frames?

Forms
21. Are keyboard shortcuts provided for movement between different fields of forms?
22. Does the tabbing feature traverse the appropriate fields in the correct sequence?
23. Are the mandatory fields marked clearly?
24. Are descriptive labels for all fields provided?
25. Is information formatted, wherever required (for example,date format may be in mm/dd/yyyy)
26. Are error messages meaningful and appropriate?
27.Does the size of text fields give enough room for the user to type?
28.Ared fields used appropriately?
29. Is any information asked more than once in the form? Is the user prevented from entering the same data multiple times?
30. Does the form include a ‘reset’ button to clear its contents?

Text fields,Buttons,List boxes,Check boxes
31.Do the next fields accept invalid characters and special characters?
32. Can text be selected using shift + arrow key?
33. Is the user able to select any combination of options in check boxes?
34. Can the user select more than one option in radio buttons?
35. Does the button click trigger the required action?
36. Can the user add text in the list boxes?
37. Can the user add text in the combo boxes?
38. Do the required commands and options exist in each menu?
39. Are abbreviations used in list boxes/buttons?
40. Are the label names meaningful?
41. Are mouse actions consistent across web pages?
42. Is red colour used to highlight active items (many users are colour bind)?
43. Is all the data inside the list/combo box listed in chronologica order?
44.Are validation checks for text fields present
45.Do fields with numeric values handle upper and lower range of values appropriately(boundary value analysis)?
46. Does the back navigation button work as required?
47. Do the text fields accept maximum permissible data?
48. Can an alphanumeric character be entered in numeric
49. Are the command buttons disabled when they are not in use?
50. Is there any spelling or grammatical mistakes in captions or labels?

 

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作者：Petter Liu
出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/wintersun/
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