SpringMVC中实现Bean Validation(JSR 303 JSR 349 JSR 380)

JSR 303是针对bean数据校验提出的一个规范。使用注解方式实现数据校验。

每个注解的用法这里就不多介绍，请移步JSR 303 - Bean Validation 介绍及最佳实践

笔者上面提到的JSR303是专家组成员向JCP提交的第一版Bean Validation，

主流Bean Validation使用Hibernate的实现，本文使用hibernate-validator

各个版本的规范对应关系如下：

• JSR 380 (Bean Validation 2.0)
• JSR 349 (Bean Validation 1.1)
• JSR 303 (Bean Validation 1.0)

JSR 303伴随着JAVAEE 6在2009年发布，Hibernate实现版本4.3.1.Final，Apache BVal实现版本0.5

JSR349伴随着JAVAEE 7在2013年发布，Hibernate实现版本5.1.1.Final，Apache BVal实现版本1.1.2

JSR380伴随着JAVAEE 8在2017年8月发布,完全兼容低版本的JAVASE,Hibernate实现版本6.0.1.Final，Apache BVal实现版本2.0.3(不太确定)

所以如果使用2.0规范，hibernate必须选择6.0.1以上版本

以下是Springmvc中Bean Validation配置过程：

1、在maven中添加规范与实现，缺一不可

  <!--bean validation规范-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
      <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.1.Final</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--bean validation规范实现-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
      <version>6.0.17.Final</version>
    </dependency>

2、在实体类类上使用注解

public class Post implements Serializable {
    private Integer pid;

    @Size(min = 5, message = "标题太短,无效,长度必须大于5")
    private String title;

    @Size(min = 20, message = "内容太短无效,长度必须大于20")
    private String content;

    //两个时间
    private LocalDateTime publishTime;
    private LocalDateTime replyTime;

    //三个数量
    private Integer replyCount;
    private Integer likeCount;
    private Integer scanCount;

    //两个外键
    private Integer uid;
    private User user;

    @Min(value = 1,message = "请选择话题分类") //话题分类id必须大于0
    private Integer tid;
    private Topic topic;

3、在Controller添加代码（@Valid @ModelAttribute）

   @RequestMapping("publishPost.do")
    public String publishPost(@Valid @ModelAttribute Post post,
                              BindingResult bindingResult,
                              Errors errors, Model model,String action) {

        model.addAttribute("post",post);
        model.addAttribute("action",action);

        if(errors.hasErrors()){
            FieldError fieldError = bindingResult.getFieldError();
            System.out.println("Code:"+fieldError.getCode()+", object:"+fieldError.getObjectName()
                    +", field:"+fieldError.getField());
            List<Topic> topicList = topicService.listTopic();
            model.addAttribute("topicList",topicList);
            return "post/editor";
        }

spring-mvc.xml配置

<bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean" />

前端代码：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" trimDirectiveWhitespaces="true"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>

<form:form action="publishPost.do" method="post" commandName="post">
            <input type="hidden" name="uid" value="${post.uid}">
            <input type="hidden" name="pid" value="${post.pid}">
            <%--<input type="hidden" name="user.uid" value="${post.uid}">--%>
            <input type="hidden" name="action" value="${action}">
            <div class="pub-header"><span></span>&nbsp;话题发布</div>
            <div class="pub-title">
                <form:input path="title" placeholder="标题：一句话说明你遇到的问题或想分享的经验"/>
                <form:errors path="title" cssClass="has-error" element="div"/>
                ${error}
            </div>
            <div class="pub-topic">
                <span>分类：</span>
                <div class="topic-list">
                    <form:select path="tid">
                        <form:option value="0">--请选择--</form:option>
                        <c:forEach items="${topicList}" var="topic">
                            <option value="${topic.tid}" title="${topic.tid}"${topic.tid eq post.tid?'selected':''}>${topic.name}</option>
                        </c:forEach>
                    </form:select>
                    <form:errors path="tid" cssClass="has-error" element="div"/>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="pub-textarea">
                <div style="width: 920px;">
                    <form:textarea path="content" id="textarea" cssStyle="height: 300px;max-height: 1000px;"></form:textarea>
                    <form:errors path="content" cssClass="has-error" element="div"/>
                </div>
                <button class="pub-button">发布</button>
            </div>
            </form:form>

效果

更新：

对于待校验的Bean属性，一定要使用NotNull约束。否则bean属性为null，也不会报错，插入数据时候就出错了，出现dao错误，让人摸不着头脑

更新后的JavaBean如下

package com.fc.model;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import javax.validation.constraints.Min;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Post implements Serializable {
    private Integer pid;

    @Size(min = 5, message = "标题太短,无效,长度必须大于5")
    @NotNull(message = "标题必填")
    private String title;

    @Size(min = 20, message = "内容太短无效,长度必须大于20")
    @NotNull(message = "内容必填")
    private String content;

    //两个时间
    private LocalDateTime publishTime;
    private LocalDateTime replyTime;

    //三个数量
    private Integer replyCount;
    private Integer likeCount;
    private Integer scanCount;

    //两个外键
    private Integer uid;
    private User user;

    @Min(value = 1,message = "请选择话题分类") //话题分类id必须大于0
    @NotNull(message = "分类必选")
    private Integer tid;
    private Topic topic;

    private Post(Builder builder) {
        setPid(builder.pid);
        setUid(builder.uid);
        setTid(builder.tid);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Post{" +
                "pid=" + pid +
                ", title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", content='" + content + '\'' +
                ", publishTime='" + publishTime + '\'' +
                ", replyTime='" + replyTime + '\'' +
                ", replyCount=" + replyCount +
                ", likeCount=" + likeCount +
                ", scanCount=" + scanCount +
                ", user=" + user +
                ", topic=" + topic +
                '}';
    }

    public static final class Builder {
        private Integer pid;
        private Integer uid;
        private Integer tid;

        public Builder() {
        }

        public Builder pid(Integer pid) {
            this.pid = pid;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder uid(Integer uid) {
            this.uid = uid;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder tid(Integer tid) {
            this.tid = tid;
            return this;
        }

        public Post build() {
            return new Post(this);
        }
    }
}

校验代码：

 //发帖
    @RequestMapping("publishPost.do")
    public String publishPost(@Valid Post post,
                              BindingResult bindingResult,
                              Errors errors, Model model,String action) {

        model.addAttribute("post",post);
        model.addAttribute("action",action);

        if(errors.hasErrors()){
            FieldError fieldError = bindingResult.getFieldError();
            System.out.println("Code:"+fieldError.getCode()+", object:"+fieldError.getObjectName()
                    +", field:"+fieldError.getField());
            List<Topic> topicList = topicService.listTopic();
            model.addAttribute("post",post);
            model.addAttribute("topicList",topicList);
            return "post/editor";
        }

        //更新文章
        if("edit".equals(action)) {
            int effected = postService.updatePost(post);

            if(effected == 0)
            {
                model.addAttribute("topicList",topicService.listTopic());
                model.addAttribute("error","更新失败");
                return "post/editor";
            }
        }

        //默认新增文章
        Integer id = postService.publishPost(post);
        return "redirect:post.do?pid=" + id;
    }

参考内容：

https://blog.csdn.net/w_linux/article/details/80585468

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1384968/is-there-an-implementation-of-jsr-303-bean-validation-available

https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/3.0.0.RC2/spring-framework-reference/html/ch05s07.html

https://www.boraji.com/spring-4-mvc-form-validation-example-using-hibernate-validator

https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/4.3.x/spring-framework-reference/html/validation.html

http://websystique.com/springmvc/spring-4-mvc-form-validation-with-hibernate-jsr-validator-resource-handling-using-annotations/

https://www.codejava.net/frameworks/spring/spring-mvc-form-validation-example-with-bean-validation-api

https://howtodoinjava.com/spring-mvc/spring-bean-validation-example-with-jsr-303-annotations/

https://www.iteye.com/blog/jinnianshilongnian-1990081