TestNG并发执行用例详解和范例
前言
TestNG有多种并发方式支持,方法的并发,class级的并发,test级的并发等;
根据实际应用可以灵活的配置和使用,下面分别对几种并发方法进行说明:
一、方法级并发
方法级并发即method级并发,此种并发方式需要将xml中的suite标签的parallel属性设置为methods并添加属性thread-count并设置其值,其会将所有的方法按照设定的并发数进行并发,譬如总共有4个测试用例,并发数设置为3,则会开三个线程,那么必然会有两个用例是在同一个线程内的,跟用例在哪个class内没关系,范例如下:
测试用例类一ThreadTest.java:
package com.demo.test.testng;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class ThreadTest {
@Test()
public void test1()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test1-1 thread id:"+id);
}
@Test
public void test2()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test1-2 thread id:"+id);
}
}
测试用例类二ThreadTest2:
package com.demo.test.testng;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class ThreadTest2 {
@Test()
public void test1()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test2-1 thread id:"+id);
}
@Test
public void test2()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test2-2 thread id:"+id);
}
}
xml设置并发数为3,并发类型为methods:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name="threadSuite" parallel="methods" thread-count="3">
<test name="Test">
<classes>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest"/>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest2"/>
</classes>
</test> <!-- Test -->
</suite> <!-- Suite -->
执行结果如下:
[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
[TestNG] Running:
D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml
test1-1 thread id:12
test2-1 thread id:14
test1-2 thread id:13
test2-2 thread id:13
===============================================
threadSuite
Total tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
如上图所示,确实是开了三个线程,且有两个相同线程号的用例并非同一个测试类;
二、class级并发
此并发方式需要将xml中的suite标签内的属性parallel属性设置为classes,且添加属性thread-count并设置其值即可实现class级别并发,其会一个class内的所有方法放在一个线程内,根据线程数设置和总的class数来分配线程,譬如如果设置线程数为3,而class数目为2,则会开两个线程来分别运行两个class,而如果设置线程数为3,且class数目为4则将会有两个class在一个线程内,如下为一个简单的范例:
两个用例类如下:ThreadTest.java
package com.demo.test.testng;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class ThreadTest {
@Test()
public void test1()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test1-1 thread id:"+id);
}
@Test
public void test2()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test1-2 thread id:"+id);
}
}
ThreadTest2.java
package com.demo.test.testng;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class ThreadTest2 {
@Test()
public void test1()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test2-1 thread id:"+id);
}
@Test
public void test2()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test2-2 thread id:"+id);
}
}
测试xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name="threadSuite" parallel="classes" thread-count="3" verbose="2">
<test name="Test">
<classes>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest"/>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest2"/>
</classes>
</test> <!-- Test -->
</suite> <!-- Suite -->
运行结果:
[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
...
... TestNG 6.10 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com)
...
[TestNG] Running:
D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml
[TestRunner] Starting executor for test Test with time out:2147483647 milliseconds.
test2-1 thread id:13
test1-1 thread id:12
test2-2 thread id:13
test1-2 thread id:12
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2
PASSED: test2
===============================================
Test
Tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
可以看到两个类分别开了一个线程,同一个类中的用例在同一个线程内,符合预期;
那么如果有一个suite下有多个test,这个并发设置会否将所有的test都计算在呢?来试一下,新添加一个测试用例Depend1.java:
package com.demo.test.testng;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class DependTest1 {
@Test(groups= {"dependGroup1"})
public void dependTest1()
{
System.out.println("dependTest1");
}
@Test(groups= {"dependGroup1"})
public void dependTest2()
{
System.out.println("dependTest2");
}
@Test(groups="dependGroup2")
public void dependTest4()
{
System.out.println("dependTest4");
Assert.assertFalse(false);
}
}
修改xml为如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name="threadSuite" parallel="classes" thread-count="2" verbose="2">
<test name="Test1">
<classes>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest"/>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest2"/>
</classes>
</test> <!-- Test -->
<test name="test2">
<classes>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.DependTest1">
</class></classes>
</test>
</suite> <!-- Suite -->
再次运行结果如下:
[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
...
... TestNG 6.10 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com)
...
[TestNG] Running:
D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml
[TestRunner] Starting executor for test Test1 with time out:2147483647 milliseconds.
test2-1 thread id:13
test1-1 thread id:12
test2-2 thread id:13
test1-2 thread id:12
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2
PASSED: test2
===============================================
Test1
Tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
[TestRunner] Starting executor for test test2 with time out:2147483647 milliseconds.
dependTest1
dependTest2
dependTest4
PASSED: dependTest1
PASSED: dependTest2
PASSED: dependTest4
===============================================
test2
Tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
===============================================
threadSuite
Total tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
可以看到是先运行test1(内含两个测试类),开了两个线程,而后再运行test2(内含一个测试类),开了一个线程,而这两个test内的三个class是并没有放在一起运行的;
故这种并发设置是根据每个test标签生效的;
三、test级并发
test级并发为将xml中每个test标签下的用例放在一个线程内并根据并发数和tet数目开线程的并发方法,需要将xml中的suite标签内的属性parallel属性设置为tests,且添加属性thread-count并设置其值即可,譬如有一个suite下有两个test且并发数设置为2,那么就会开两个线程,每个线程都包含一个test,范例如下:ThreadTest.java:
package com.demo.test.testng;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class ThreadTest {
@Test()
public void test1()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test1-1 thread id:"+id);
}
@Test
public void test2()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test1-2 thread id:"+id);
}
}
ThreadTest2.java:
package com.demo.test.testng;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class ThreadTest2 {
@Test()
public void test1()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test2-1 thread id:"+id);
}
@Test
public void test2()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test2-2 thread id:"+id);
}
}
修改DependTest1.java:
package com.demo.test.testng;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class DependTest1 {
@Test(groups= {"dependGroup1"})
public void dependTest1()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("dependTest1 id:"+id);
}
@Test(groups= {"dependGroup1"})
public void dependTest2()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("dependTest2 id:"+id);
}
@Test(groups="dependGroup2")
public void dependTest4()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("dependTest4 id:"+id);
Assert.assertFalse(false);
}
}
xml设置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name="threadSuite" parallel="tests" thread-count="2" verbose="2">
<test name="Test1">
<classes>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest"/>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.ThreadTest2"/>
</classes>
</test> <!-- Test -->
<test name="test2">
<classes>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.DependTest1">
</class></classes>
</test>
</suite> <!-- Suite -->
运行结果:
[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
...
... TestNG 6.10 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com)
...
[TestNG] Running:
D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml
[ThreadUtil] Starting executor timeOut:2147483647ms workers:2 threadPoolSize:2
dependTest1 id:13
test1-1 thread id:12
test1-2 thread id:12
dependTest2 id:13
test2-1 thread id:12
dependTest4 id:13
test2-2 thread id:12
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2
===============================================
Test1
Tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
PASSED: dependTest1
PASSED: dependTest2
PASSED: dependTest4
===============================================
test2
Tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
===============================================
threadSuite
Total tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
可见两个test是开了两个线程运行的,且同一个test内的用例都在同一个线程内;
四、instances级并发
此并发方法与前面几种并发方法类似,只是需要修改parallel为instances即可,为一个实例一个并发,范例如下:
package com.demo.test.testng;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.testng.annotations.Factory;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class FactoryTest {
private String host;
private int port;
public FactoryTest(String host, int port)
{
this.host=host;
this.port=port;
}
@Test
public void login()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("login, host:"+host+";port"+port+";id:"+id);
}
@Test(dependsOnMethods="login")
public void logout()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("logout, host:"+host+";port"+port+";id:"+id);
}
@Factory
public static Object[] create()
{
List<FactoryTest> list = new ArrayList<FactoryTest>();
list.add(new FactoryTest("10.10.10.1", 8080));
list.add(new FactoryTest("10.10.10.2", 8080));
return list.toArray();
}
}
xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name="threadSuite" parallel="instances" thread-count="4" verbose="2">
<test name="Test1">
<classes>
<class name="com.demo.test.testng.FactoryTest" />
</classes>
</test>
</suite> <!-- Suite -->
运行结果如下:
[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
...
... TestNG 6.10 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com)
...
[TestNG] Running:
D:\software\workspace\testng\src\main\java\com\demo\test\testCase\ThreadTestXml.xml
[TestRunner] Starting executor for test Test1 with time out:2147483647 milliseconds.
login, host:10.10.10.1;port8080;id:12
login, host:10.10.10.2;port8080;id:13
logout, host:10.10.10.1;port8080;id:14
logout, host:10.10.10.2;port8080;id:15
PASSED: login
PASSED: login
PASSED: logout
PASSED: logout
===============================================
Test1
Tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
===============================================
threadSuite
Total tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
如上log可知,两个用例,两组参数,共四条用例开了四个线程,每个用例都是一个实例;
如果是没有@Factory注解的普通用例,则没效果。
五、测试用例级并发
此级并发可以直接在用例内设置,如下为一个范例:
package com.demo.test.testng;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class ThreadTest {
@Test(threadPoolSize = 3, invocationCount = 6, timeOut = 1000)
public void test1()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test1-1 thread id:"+id);
}
@Test
public void test2()
{
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
System.out.println("test1-2 thread id:"+id);
}
}
如上图代码所示,test1设置线程数为3,调用次数为6,超时时间为1000ms,运行结果如下:
[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.10.0
[TestNG] Running:
C:\Users\dufei\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse--1263110808\testng-customsuite.xml
[ThreadUtil] Starting executor timeOut:1000ms workers:6 threadPoolSize:3
test1-1 thread id:13
test1-1 thread id:14
test1-1 thread id:12
test1-1 thread id:14
test1-1 thread id:13
test1-1 thread id:12
test1-2 thread id:1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test1
PASSED: test2
===============================================
Default test
Tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
===============================================
Default suite
Total tests run: 7, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
[TestNG] Time taken by org.uncommons.reportng.HTMLReporter@1d371b2d: 48 ms
如上所示,test1为三个线程,调用六次,超时为1000ms,符合预期;
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